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At the international level, the problem of preserving national languages in the center of attention. Russia is a multinational country in which different languages are spoken, different cultures coexist. More than 80 nationalities have been living as a single family on the territory of the Komi Republic for many decades. The unifying principle in the multilingual space of our country is the language of the majority of the population - Russian. Knowledge of the language leads to an understanding of the spiritual ancestral roots, the emotional and moral foundations of the entire culture. Day native language Is a good reason to remember its meaning.

Topic: Mother Language Day

Target: show the role of language in human life and in the life of society.

Tasks:

the formation of a culture of personality, citizenship;

development of language taste;
the formation of a culture of communication, as part of general culture human;

revitalization of interest in the native language, drawing attention to the problems of the modern Russian language;

rallying children and parents;
development of communication skills;
instilling love and respect for the people around, for the native language, native land, through joint creative activities.

Form: educational and game program

Location: primary classroom

Students age: 10 - 11 years old

Equipment:

media projector;
computer;
3 magnetic boards (white);
five sundresses for girls;
folk costumes (Bashkirs, Ukrainians, Komi)
painted face of a person (A1);
painted parts to the face: nose, eyes, mouth, ears;
3 pictures of tree trunks;
cards: KOMI LANGUAGE, RUSSIAN LANGUAGE;
cards with proverbs;
leaves to trees (words are written on the back);
Atlas of World Languages;
a phrase on a green sheet of paper (If we know the language well, we can ...);
phrases on yellow sheets of paper (write without mistakes; better understand what you read; better understand each other; speak correctly, learn the world, be an interesting conversationalist, create, communicate, preserve the customs and traditions of your people, know the history of your people, pass on knowledge from generation to generation)

Event plan

Opening speech.
The history of the origin of the holiday.
Atlas of the languages of the world.
The state language of a huge country.
The advantages of the Russian language.
Speeches in the native language:

Performance of a folk song by the Bashkirs.
Reading poems by Ukrainians.
Staging of the Komi fable.

Learning words in the Komi language. A game.
Work in groups "The special character of words."
Summarizing.

Event progress

Lead teacher + whole class: Hello! Good afternoon! We are delighted to welcome our wonderful guests and loving parents to this class today. We are glad to all of you! We all have great mood... And we think that you have the same!

- Then we start? ( the class answers - let's start). Today with the guys Active participation accepted by parents. Thank you very much for your cooperation!

- The theme of our today's class event is dedicated to the Day of the mother tongue. Today we will find out what this holiday is and why it is celebrated.

Lead child:

What a holiday we are celebrating today
All together, are we happy to meet you?

Lead teacher: International Mother Language Day is an unusual, but very important holiday. It was created quite recently since 2000 and is celebrated on February 21 all over the world. Proclaimed by the General Conference of UNESCO with the aim of promoting linguistic and cultural diversity and multilingualism.

- Each nation has its own unique culture, history, traditions, way of life. And, of course, the language. Scientists suggest that human speech skills appeared about 100,000 years ago. Let's try to imagine how people could communicate without verbal skills. Who wants to try to communicate without words? ( choice of 3–4 children)

Assignment: You are invited to invite your neighbor to hunt a mammoth(the task is pronounced in the ear)

- What were these people trying to agree on? (the class is trying to answer)

- It turns out how difficult, difficult it was to explain without words and understand each other.

- But the written forms of the language appeared only about 5,000 years ago. Therefore, the road to language was long and difficult. And we speak in all corners of our planet in different languages. In Germany - in German, in France - in French, in England - in English, and in Russia? (in Russian).

Lead child: I wonder how many languages are there on our planet?

Lead teacher: Once there were 7000 to 8000 independent languages. Today, approximately 6,000 languages are known. The diversity of languages is a tremendous human heritage. The most common languages in modern world are Chinese, English, Russian, Spanish, Arabic, Portuguese, French. Most of humanity speaks these languages.

Lead child: Blimey! So many languages! And where did so many of them come from?

Lead teacher: Do you really want to know? (children in chorus: YES!)

- Then listen.

- There is a legend. According to this legend, after the Flood, mankind was represented by one people speaking the same language. And so the people became proud and decided to build a gigantic tower in Babylon up to the very heavens. It took a long time to build it using labor different people... The gods were afraid that their power would be violated and decided to interfere with the construction of the tower. To do this, they made it so that people began to speak in different languages. Because of this, confusion arose at the construction site, the builders stopped understanding each other - and the tower collapsed, never reaching heaven. The confusion of languages stopped work on the tower and scattered people across different parts of the earth. Here's a legend.

Lead child: Why did you get the idea to create such a day?

Lead teacher: International Mother Language Day is primarily aimed at protecting languages that are disappearing. And this is an important and urgent task, because nowadays two languages disappear in the world every month.

- In 1996, a man named Red Thundercloud died in the United States. He was the last to know the language of the Sioux Indian tribe. True, before his death, he managed to record speech samples and ritual songs of his people, which rendered a great service to science. Unfortunately, this is rarely the case. More often than not, the language dies quietly and imperceptibly along with its last speakers.

Lead child: Yes ... Like endangered species of animals, languages are rapidly dying out, and in order to survive they need our support and interest.

Lead teacher: Linguists are trying not to waste time and have time to document the many languages that still exist. Indeed, according to scientists, in a hundred years from 3 to 6 thousand of the currently existing languages will disappear. International Mother Language Day is celebrated with the aim of preserving and developing endangered languages, as well as raising awareness of linguistic and cultural traditions.

Lead child: Endangered species of animals and plants are listed in the Red Book. And where are the endangered species of languages being brought?

Lead teacher: There is an Atlas of the world's languages and the Red Book of the languages of Russia. They represent languages that are threatened with extinction. Currently, there are nearly 500 languages that are on the verge of extinction.

Here are some examples :( book show)

“And in order to survive, a language needs 100,000 people to speak it. Languages are disappearing. In Russia in 1917, there were 193 languages. Now -174.

proverbs

Lead child: Then our task is to preserve endangered languages and take care of all the diversity of human cultures.

Lead teacher: Yes, because it is thanks to the language that the traditions of the peoples continue to live, and interest in understanding the world awakens. It is the language that unites people regardless of the place and time of their residence.

Lead child: What unites us?

Lead teacher: Indeed, what can unite us? (children's answers: we study in the same school, live in the same city, country, speak the same language - Russian).

- That's right, but the main element that unites us is precisely the language - the Russian language.

- By the way, take note: more than 350 million people all over the world understand Russian, of which 170 million are native. In addition, about 180 million foreigners are currently studying Russian. It is the language of communication for more than 160 peoples and nationalities of the world. He is the language of great literature. He is the language in which the first words in space were spoken. It is the language of a great nation with a thousand-year history. The Russian language managed to lead the "language union" throughout the territory of Russia and became the state language of a huge country.

Apprentice 1

Generous folk heritage -
I love our beautiful language.
After all, I have been speaking Russian since childhood,
Like a mother, I got used to it.

Apprentice 2

Life goes on ahead of the dictionary.
How many new deeds, events, feelings!
Expressing your thought in Russian,
I learn a lot from my ancestors.

Apprentice 3

I have a key to all sciences,
I am familiar with the whole Universe -
This is because I own
Russian all-embracing language.

Apprentice 4

Our language is the language of labor and light,
It is wide and clear and great.
Listens with excitement to the planet
Pushkin's immortal language!

Lead teacher: The Russian language has all the advantages of other languages. It is melodic like Italian, commanding like German, precise like English. But only the Russian language has such a palette of colors and such versatility. Foreigners, listening to Russian speech, say that it flows like a song. Let's listen attentively to the sound of the poem by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin describing a winter evening.

The storm covers the sky with darkness,
Whirling snow whirlwinds;
How the beast she will howl
It will cry like a child
Then on the dilapidated roof
Suddenly it will rustle with straw,
How a belated traveler
He will knock at our window.

- We can see the beauty and versatility of the Russian language in folk art. This is how the people sang the coming of spring ( girls perform a folk song)

Spring, spring is red!
Come spring, with joy
With joy, with joy.
With great mercy:
With high flax, deep root.
With rains, showers,
With abundant bread!

In my garden,
I have something beautiful.
Lyushenki Lyuli, Lyushenki Lyuli,
The birds sang well
They sang well.
Lyushenki Lyuli, Lyushenki Lyuli.

- The role of language as a means of communication between people is remarkably defined in Russian folk art. One of the types of such creativity are proverbs and sayings. Every nation has many proverbs designed to express the basic principles of life. And yet, some of the most accurate and instructive are Russian proverbs.

What a luxury, what a meaning, what is the use of every proverb of ours! - said A.S. Pushkin.

Remember the proverbs and sayings at the beginning of the phrase, continue them, explain the meaning (the guys work in groups)

Do you want to eat rolls -…. (don't sit on the stove)
The bird is red with a feather, ... (and a man with his mind)
There is no better friend ... (than dear mother)

Remember and compose proverbs and sayings based on two given words.

business - boldly (Finished business, walk boldly.)
a feather - an ax (What is written with a feather cannot be cut out with an ax)
business is time (business is time, fun is an hour.)

- Well done! Indeed, “Our proverbs are short, and our minds and feelings have been put into them for whole books,” M. Gorky wrote about Russian proverbs. It is no coincidence that the language is called the storehouse of knowledge and wisdom of the people.

- Another of the best properties of the Russian language is the ability to express subtle nuances using countless suffixes, which are not found in other languages.

- For example, let's take the word "HORSE". And let's try to add to this word different suffixes.

small, funny, charming creature - HORSE TO BUT
tired workhorse, very elderly - LOSHAD YONK BUT
affectionately we will call the horse - HORSE USHK BUT

- So, you and I can only be proud that Russian is our native language.

- There are many peoples in the world, they all speak different languages, but each person appreciates his native language, protects it, cherishes it, and everyone has the right to speak freely in his native language.

- According to the Constitution Russian Federation Article 68 all its peoples are guaranteed the right to preserve their native language, to create conditions for its study and development.

- At present, it has become an indisputable statement that the main wealth of any territory is its population. More than 80 peoples live on the territory of the Komi Republic. In our classy team there are representatives different nationalities: Bashkirs, Tatars, Ukrainians, Komi, Chuvash, Mordvins, Russians. And each has its own unique beauty and sound language. Some families have prepared a performance in their own language. Let's listen to them.

BASHKIRS - perform a folk song.

Physical minutes: Bashkir dance movements

UKRAINIANS - read poetry in their native language.

KOMI - staged a fable in the Komi language.

- Guys, did you recognize this language? That's right, this is the language of the Komi people - the indigenous population of the Republic in which we live. By the way, take a note. The Republic is home to 975,000 people, of which only the indigenous population is 264,464 people. 2009 was declared the year of the Komi language in the Republic, and this is not accidental, because according to the Constitution of the Komi Republic, the state languages are not only Russian, but also Komi.

- Guys, you noticed that there are signs on the buildings of the city written in two languages - Russian and Komi ( Not really).

- Let's take a look at some of them (showing signage: on the building of the city administration, on residential buildings, on the school building, on the bakery building).

- And now we will try to learn a few words in the Komi language ( learn words: mouth, eyes, nose, ears). We show on ourselves the part of the face in question, and pronounce this word in Komi.

head - YUR, mouth - PTO, nose - DIVE, ear - PEL, eye - SHCHIN

Game "Create a face" (the teacher calls part of the face in Komi, the one who remembered what this word means attaches the part to the face on the board).

- Usually, a native language is understood as a language that a person learns from early childhood... When we learn a language, we memorize, first of all, the words of this language, and there are a great many of them. Just as we cannot count the leaves on a tree, so it is difficult to count the number of words. But each word has its own special character, its own meaning.

(The class works in groups. There are parents in each group).

- Each group has a small tree. Leaflets with words will help you to "green" it different meanings and character. Be careful when choosing words for your tree.

1 group (nouns)

Group 2 (adjectives)

Group 3

(Verbs)

Sun, mother, warmth, Motherland, goodness, friends, home, family, peace,

joy, creator.

Handsome, affectionate, warm, happy, smart, sunny, solemn, dear, polite, respectful,

Poison, weapons, tears, wars, betrayal.

Terrible, envious, furious, cowardly, arrogant.

To be afraid, offend, lie, hate, offend.

(each group reads out the words)

- Why did you choose these particular words? - each group gives its own answer (kind; liked; we want these words to be found more often in our life; evoke positive emotions; nice to pronounce; can only be painted with light colors; I want all these words to refer to me ...).

- What words did you not take? ( the answers)

- The more beautiful and warm words in our speech, the kinder we will be with you ...

- Unfortunately, in the modern world, coarse, obscene words are used more and more often, which clog our language.

Student

Oh my dear, holy language!
I'm used to twisting you
I used to offend you
Humiliate people with you.
Pushkin spoke to you, -
Lermontov created with you,
And I offended. I betrayed
I gave it up to be scolded.
And who am I? Just a stupid son.
And, unfortunately, not one.
But forgive us. Don't measles.
Illuminate with your radiance
And we will keep as a covenant
In their speeches of culture, light!

- Have you ever wondered why we need to learn a language? ( students draw their conclusions and attach the answers to the board).

If we know the language well, we can ... (on the board)

(write without mistakes; better understand what you read; better understand each other; speak correctly, learn the world, be an interesting interlocutor, create, communicate, preserve the customs and traditions of your people, know the history of your people, pass on knowledge from generation to generation)

- Right. Language is the spiritual wealth of the people. Without language, it is unthinkable to move science, technology, art, life forward a single step.

- And why is this day so necessary? ( so that people remember languages, their native language, so that they respect other languages, take care of it, do not allow it to disappear, so that the language will live for other generations)

- Language is a teacher who teaches us and will teach us if we treat it carefully and study it diligently. The languages of the peoples are different, but celebrating the International Day of the Mother Language on February 21, I would like to draw the following conclusion:

Student:

Everyone has a language
What is dear forever
Without a native language
There is no man!

Student:

We sing to them, we say
From the very birth
And to the native language,
There must be great zeal!

- Treat your native language with care and love, think about it, love it, study it!

- Thank you very much everyone!

International Mother Language Day was proclaimed by the General Conference of UNESCO in November 1999 and is celebrated annually on 21 February to promote linguistic and cultural diversity and multilingualism.

This date was chosen to commemorate the events of February 21, 1952, when in Dhaka, the capital of present-day Bangladesh, students were killed by police bullets in a demonstration in defense of their native language Bengali, which they demanded to be recognized as one of the official languages of the country.

Language is the most powerful tool for the preservation and development of the world's cultural heritage. Native language dissemination activities contribute not only to linguistic diversity and multilingualism, but also to a fuller understanding of linguistic and cultural traditions around the world.

By introducing Mother Language Day into the international calendar, UNESCO called on countries to develop, support and intensify activities aimed at respecting and protecting all languages, especially languages that are on the verge of extinction.
The theme of the Day 2016 is "Quality of education, language (s) of teaching and learning outcomes".

Experts believe that if measures are not taken, then half of the 6,000 languages spoken in the world today will disappear by the end of the 21st century, and humanity may lose the most important ancient knowledge contained in the languages of indigenous peoples.

In the world, 43% (2,465) languages are threatened with extinction. Among countries with the largest number endangered languages, the first place is occupied by India (197 languages) and the United States (191), followed by Brazil (190), China (144), Indonesia (143), and Mexico (143).

According to the UNESCO Atlas of the Endangered Languages of the World, over 200 languages have disappeared over the past three generations. Among the recently disappeared languages are Manx (inhabitants of the Isle of Man), which disappeared with the death of Ned Maddrell in 1974, Ace in Tanzania - disappeared in 1976, Ubykh (Turkey) - disappeared in 1992 with the death of Tevfik Esench, Eyak (Alaska, USA) - disappeared in 2008 with the death of Mary Smith Jones.

In sub-Saharan Africa, where about two thousand languages (about a third of all languages in the world), at least 10% of them may disappear in the next 100 years.

Some languages - extinct according to the Atlas classification - are in a state of active revival. Among them are Cornish (Cornish) or Sishi (New Caledonia).

The Russian language is one of the so-called world (global) languages. It is native to approximately 164 million people.

Each of the peoples has its own unique and inimitable language, which meets the purpose of man and carries a whole heritage. The inhabitants of this or that state have their own characteristics, traditions, culture, and the language is their direct reflection. It conveys all the identity of the people, so the native language is a subject for real pride. And the day of the mother tongue is a very important and necessary holiday.

Background

Like any celebration, this one has its own historical background. Its celebration was made possible thanks to the events that took place in 1952 in Pakistan. Those from the University of Dhaka took part in a demonstration against the Urdu language. The majority spoke the Bengali dialect, so this is the language the protesters demanded to be recognized as the state language. However, they not only did not listen to them, but began to shoot. As a result, four student activists were killed. After the death of these and other residents of Pakistan, as well as a series of unrest and liberation movements Bengali has been declared an official language in the country. The struggle for the right to use the manner of communication familiar from childhood was crowned with success. Subsequently, on the initiative (recognized as an independent state in 1971), the UNESCO organization proclaimed the date of February 21 as the International Day of the Mother Language, which has been celebrated annually all over the world for 14 years.

How this day is celebrated in different countries

Mother Language Day is not in vain recognized as international. It is celebrated in many states. In some of them, the people adhere to certain orders and traditions in the celebration, in others - each time everything goes according to a completely new plan. Let's take a look at a few of those countries that come to mind first.

Bangladesh

I would very much like to touch upon this particular country, since here the day of the mother tongue is considered a national holiday, since the anniversary of February 21 became a turning point in the fate of people and in the history of the whole country. As a rule, the inhabitants of Bengal on this day arrange a festive procession, lay flowers in memory of the martyrs in Dhaka (to the Shahid Minar monument), sing patriotic songs. On the sites of the city, a cultural program is held, festive dinners, and prizes are awarded. There is also a special ritual associated with this great day for Bengalis. They buy special glass bracelets for themselves and their relatives, thereby emphasizing their attachment to their native language and paying tribute to the national traditions and history of their country.

International Mother Language Day in Bangladesh is a special celebration. Every year, any event for the day of the mother tongue is prepared with a special scale and honors. The government and non-governmental organizations of the country in every possible way encourage the holding of various kinds of events, striving to support the love of fellow citizens for their native language, and also do this in order to preserve and further develop the indigenous speech.

Switzerland

Let's touch on Europe. For example, in Switzerland on February 21, Mother Language Day is celebrated in an educational spirit. Actions, workshops, numerous seminars are held. Particularly acute in this country is the issue of families in which children speak two languages and both are native to them. The authorities, teachers and parents are well aware that such children need special approach, therefore, the country is developing individual programs training and education of the younger generation, which are successfully implemented.

English-speaking countries

In many countries of Europe and not only (England, Ireland, Singapore, Jamaica, Malta, New Zealand, and even on the whole mainland, and therefore native, English is. It must be admitted that it, in fact, is included in the composition of six therefore has the most direct relation to the holiday.At any negotiations, travel and just in communication, he will be your main lifesaver.

Each language is beautiful and beautiful in its own way, so you must not forget it, love, cherish and be proud of it!

Mother Language Day in Russia

In our country, love for the native language can be compared to the feeling of true patriotism that permeates everything and each of us. Especially when it comes to primordial Slavic values, to which we can confidently include the Russian language.

There are many different worthy sayings about the Russian word, but no one has yet expressed himself better than the classics on this topic. The most accurate sayings and clearly reflecting our spirit of patriotism can be attributed to the Russian writer I. S. Turgenev, who said: "... you alone support and support me, oh great, mighty, truthful and free Russian language." Or it is enough to recall VG Belinsky's decisive statement, he asserted that "the Russian language is one of the richest languages in the world, and there is no doubt about it." Perhaps it is difficult to disagree with these brilliant people, because thanks to our language we think, communicate, create.

In our country, the day of the mother tongue, the script of which is carefully thought out and prepared in advance, is held in many schools, libraries, palaces of culture, higher educational institutions and other educational institutions. Students diligently select the key in which the topic will be covered, learn words, and rehearse. All appointed events, as a rule, are solemn, patriotic and educational in nature. They are held with the aim of instilling in children a sense of respect and love for their culture, history, traditions and, of course, for their native Russian language.

Endangered dialects

Speaking in the language of statistics, today out of six thousand languages existing in the world, more than two hundred are considered extinct, they do not have a single living carrier. There is also a dysfunctional linguistic category of endangered and endangered types of speech (almost without descendants speaking them). And unstable languages that do not enjoy success, because they do not have an official status, and the territory of their distribution is so small that the prospects for their further existence leave much to be desired.

In Russia, about 140 languages are on the verge of becoming obsolete, and twenty have already been recognized as lifeless.

Each native language has its own characteristics and culture. It distinguishes nations, makes people appreciate and respect their indigenous style of speech, pass it down from generation to generation. Therefore, the day of the native language should certainly be supported as an international holiday, encouraged and carried out at the proper level in all countries of the world.

There are a myriad of languages in the world. According to preliminary estimates, their number is about 6 thousand. Each language is a tool for reflecting national culture, a tool for the development and preservation of spiritual and material heritage. The language of each nation is original and has original expressions reflecting the mentality and traditions of the nation. Language forms the consciousness of a person, knowledge of the language helps to broaden horizons, to penetrate deeper into the culture of another country. Recognition and respect for all languages helps to maintain peace throughout the world. Since 1999, at the initiative of the General Conference of UNESCO, February 21 is celebrated around the world as the International Mother Language Day as a reminder of the need to promote the development of the multinationality of linguistic culture, its diversity and multilingualism.

Native language, native speech,
He has been with us since childhood,
He is in a gentle whisper of foliage,
In the words of my father and mother.

He is in fairy tales, songs and poems,
In the oath, he is in the hymn
And without a native language
Any people will die.

I am on the day of the mother tongue
I wish you to keep it,
Could that children after us
To speak with the native land.

We need to appreciate the native language,
After all, we must take care of it!
Let's learn the language together,
After all, this is important for the country!

May our speech be beautiful
Let's write correctly
Both thoughts and ideas are clear
Always express to each other!

Happy International Day
Mother tongue
Congratulations to everyone
Living on the planet
The earth speaks to you in it,
And his children hear from the cradle.
I wish you to protect your native language,
It contains the strength and soul of the people,
Free song
Let the native speech flow
Leading the way through centuries and years.

The native language is your land,
It is spoken by forests and fields.
The river speaks smoothly on it,
The whistle of the steamer echoes her.

Mother sings a lullaby on it,
The child learns his own speech.
There is no people without language,
I congratulate you on the day of your native language.

Nations live on a big planet,
Let everyone take care of their native language.
To keep it for the kids
And talk to their land.

International Mother Language Day
I congratulate you on this glorious date,
I wish you lexically always
Be literate, savvy, wealthy.

Let your speech always sound,
Do not let bad words spoil her,
The native language will help to argue
And insist confidently and firmly.

Mother Language Day
Today it is celebrated
May for many centuries
Native speech is famous!

Teach the rules clearly
Let it be remembered
And keys from all doors
In a moment you will get it!

Today is Mother Language Day,
Therefore, I want to tell you:
So that life is beautiful and easy
Anyone must know their native language!

I wish our language to flourish
And every year it only developed,
So that it sounds right everywhere
And replenished with new words!

We celebrate with the people
We are the day of the mother tongue
And congratulations to everyone today,
He must always be taught!

Do not forget, and forever remember
And repeat the rules
The native language is very important to us,
We must respect him!

Without a native language
Life would not be easy.
How then should we express ourselves?
And how to confess love?

We are lucky with the language
He's handsome to spite everyone
How a diamond should be protected
We are our own speech!

The whole world is celebrating today
Mother Language Day!
From the bottom of my heart and congratulations
Happy this holiday to you!

Our language is of great value
We need to take care of it.
Like a diamond, like a jewel
Guard every moment from evil.

Congratulations: 74 in verse, 9 in prose.

1:502 1:507

It is difficult to imagine how people communicated when the means of communication was not language, but, for example, gestures or facial expressions. Surely, without language today, we would not be able to convey so figuratively and vividly all our emotions, experiences and thoughts, embodying them in songs, poems or prose.

1:1002 1:1007

Our language is both humble and rich.
There is a wonderful treasure hidden in every word.
Say the word "high" -
And immediately imagine the blue sky.

1:1237

You say: "White is all around" -
And you will see a winter village
White snow hangs from white roofs
Not to be seen under the white snow of the rivers.

1:1459

I will remember the adverb "light" -
And you will see: the sun has risen
If you say the word you are dark,
Immediately the evening will look out the window.

1:1682

If you say “fragrant,” you
Immediately remember the lily of the valley flowers.
Well, if you say “beautiful”,
Before you - all of Russia at once!

1:232 1:237

The earth is inhabited by various living things: from the smallest bacteria to such giants as elephants and whales. But only man has the gift of speech. And no matter how we define this gift - sacred, divine, majestic, magnificent, priceless, immortal, wonderful - we will not reflect in its entirety its enormous significance.

1:825 1:832

2:1338 2:1343

The spiritual treasure of any nation is language

2:1432

From the first days of his life, a person hears the speech of people close to him - mom, dad, grandmother and, as it were, absorbs the intonations of their voices. Even without knowing the words, the child recognizes the people close and dear to him by the sounds of voices. Gradually, the baby begins to master speech and learn the world... And by the age of seven, according to scientists, the child remembers more words than in the rest of his life.

2:2155

From the very birth, it is necessary to lay in the soul of the child this heritage - the mother tongue. It is not for nothing that the people say that one can do without science in life, but not without a native language. And this is exactly how it is.

2:341 2:346

When you want to say a word
My friend, think, take your time:
It is sometimes lead
That was born by the warmth of the soul.

2:545

It will rob, or bestow
Let it be inadvertently, let it be loving,
Think how not to hit
Someone who listens to you.

2:738 2:743

In the whole world, there are from 3 to 5 thousand different languages... Among them are the so-called world languages - Russian, English, French, German, Spanish. There are state or official languages - Polish in Poland, Mongolian in Mongolia, Swedish in Sweden and many others. And most languages do not have any official "position" - they are simply spoken ... one - 10 people, another - 100, the third - 1000, and the fourth - 10,000 ...

2:1550

International Mother Language Day is primarily aimed at protecting languages that are disappearing. And this task is important, because nowadays two languages disappear every month in the world ...

2:315 2:320

The history of the emergence of the holiday of the native language

2:418

3:926

Like any celebration, this international day has its own historical background. In 1952 in Pakistan, students from the University of Dhaka took part in a demonstration against the Urdu language. The majority spoke the Bengali dialect, so this is the language the protesters demanded to be recognized as the state language. However, they not only did not listen to them, but began to shoot. As a result, four student activists were killed. After the deaths of these and other Pakistanis, as well as a number of unrest and liberation movements, Bengali was declared the official language in the country. The struggle for the right to use the manner of communication familiar from childhood was crowned with success.

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Subsequently, at the initiative of the country of Bangladesh (recognized as an independent state in 1971), the UNESCO organization proclaimed the date of February 21 as the International Day of the Mother Language, which has been celebrated annually all over the world for 14 years.

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Mother Language Day in Russia

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On International Mother Language Day, all languages are recognized as equal, since each of them is unique. In Russia, the state language is one - Russian. In our country, love for the native language can be compared to the feeling of true patriotism that permeates everything and each of us. Especially when it comes to primordial Slavic values, to which we can confidently include the Russian language.

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I love my mother tongue!
It is understandable for everyone, it is melodious,
He, like the Russian people, has many faces,
How powerful is our power!

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20 interesting and unexpected facts about the Russian language that you probably did not know:

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Most of the words with the letter "F" in Russian are borrowed. Pushkin was proud that in "The Tale of Tsar Saltan" there was only one word with the letter "f" - fleet.

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In Russian there are only 74 words starting with the letter "Y". But most of us remember only "iodine, yogi" and the city "Yoshkar-Ola". In the Russian language there are words in "Y". These are the names of Russian cities and rivers: Ygyatta, Yllymakh, Ynakhsyt, Ynykchan, Ytyk-kyul.

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The only words in Russian with three letters "e" in a row are long-necked (and others in -shee, for example, crooked, short) and "snake-eater".

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In the Russian language there is a word with a prefix, which is unique for the language, ko- - nook.

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The only word in the Russian language that has no root is to take it out. It is believed that in this word the so-called zero root alternating with the root -im- (pull-im-at). Earlier, until about the 17th century, this verb looked like take out, and it had a material root, the same as in take off, hug, understand (compare to take off, hug, understand), but later the root -nya- was rethought as a suffix - well- (as in "shove", "blow").

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The only monosyllabic adjective in Russian is "evil."

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In the Russian language there are words with prefixes that are unique for the language and -, - total and total and a- - maybe (obsolete, and the eighth "a eighth will not be lucky"), formed from the unions "and" and "a"

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The words "bull" and "bee" are one-root. In the works of Old Russian literature, the word "bee" was written as "bchela". The alternation of vowels ъ / s is explained by the origin of both sounds from the same Indo-European sound U. If we recall the dialectal verb buch, which has the meaning of “roar, buzz, buzz” and is etymologically related to the words bee, insect and bull, then it becomes clear what it was like total value of these words.

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Dahl offered to replace foreign word"Atmosphere" in Russian "kolozemitsa" or "mirokolitsa".

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Until the XIV century in Russia, all obscene words were called "ridiculous verbs."

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In the Guinness Book of Records in 1993, the longest word in the Russian language is called "X-ray electrocardiographic", in the 2003 edition, "highly contemplative."

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In the Grammar Dictionary of the Russian Language A.A. Zaliznyak edition of 2003, the longest (in letters) common noun in the dictionary form is the adjective "private business". Consists of 25 letters.

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The longest verbs are “to be reexamined”, “to substantiate” and “to internationalize” (all - 24 letters; word forms - in 25 letters each).

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The longest nouns are "misanthropy" and "superiority" (24 letters each; word forms -ami - 26 letters each, however, "misanthropy" is practically not used in the plural).

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The longest animate nouns are "eleventh grader" and "clerk" (21 letters each, word forms -ami - 23 letters each).

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The longest adverb recorded in the dictionary is “unsatisfactory” (19 letters). However, it should be borne in mind that from the overwhelming majority of qualitative adjectives in -th / -th, adverbs in -o / -e are formed, which are not always fixed by the dictionary.

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The longest interjection included in the Grammar Dictionary is "hi-fizkult" (15 or 14 letters depending on the hyphen status).

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The word "accordingly" is the longest preposition and the longest conjunction at the same time. It consists of 14 letters. The longest particle is "exclusively" one letter shorter.

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There are so-called insufficient verbs in Russian. Sometimes the verb does not have any form, and this is due to the laws of euphony. For example: "win". He will win, you will win, I… will win? will I run? victory? Philologists suggest using substitutive constructions “I will win” or “I will be the winner”. Since the first person singular is absent, the verb is insufficient.

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The British use the mnemonic “Yellow-blue bus” to successfully master the difficult phrase “I love you”.

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Our native Russian language is powerful and beautiful

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There are many different worthy sayings about the Russian word, but no one has yet expressed himself better than the classics on this topic.

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“Our Fatherland, our Motherland is Mother Russia. We call her Fatherland because our fathers and grandfathers have lived in it from time immemorial. we are dear. Mother - because she nurtured her waters, learned her language and, like a mother, protects and protects us from all enemies ... There are many good states in the world, but a person has one mother, one is his homeland. "

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Konstantin Ushinsky

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"The Russian people created the Russian language - bright as a rainbow after a spring shower, as accurate as arrows, melodious and rich, soulful as a song over the cradle: What is Motherland? This is the whole people. This is its culture, its language.

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Alexey Nikolaevich Tolstoy

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Revered my native language Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, called to love and study him.

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How beautiful is my native language,
Magic, melodious, playing.
Like a transparent crystal spring
Caressing heart and soul.

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Every word in it is a priceless diamond.
Every song in it is a beauty.
Sometimes beautiful, sometimes harsh,
Our homeland is famous for it.

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Just as it is impossible to imagine a land without a sower, life without bread, a person without a homeland, so the great Russian language cannot be imagined without proverbs and sayings.

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Russian proverbs about the word

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Think first - speak later.
Do not be brave in word, but show in deed.
Talk less - do more.
The word is not a sparrow, if it flies out, you won't catch it.
To speak without thinking that to shoot without aiming.

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If you want to argue fate
If you are looking for a flower garden,
If you need a firm footing
Learn Russian language!

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He is your mentor - great, mighty,
He is a translator, he is a guide,
If you storm the knowledge of the steep,
Learn Russian language!

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The Russian word lives on the pages
The world of inspiring Pushkin's books.
The Russian word is lightning freedom,
Learn Russian language!

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Bitter vigilance, the boundlessness of Tolstoy,
A pure spring of Pushkin's lyrics,
Shines with specularity Russian word -
Learn Russian language!

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There are people living on our planet with in different colors leather, with different histories, different customs and traditions, and they speak different languages.Each nation protects its language, its speech - this is its culture.

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Ushinsky noted:"When the language disappears - there are no more people!"

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Our beautiful language -
Rich and sonorous.
That is powerful and passionate,
That is tenderly melodious.

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He also has a grin
Both accuracy and affection.
Written by him
Both stories and fairy tales -

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Pages of magic
Exciting books!
Love and keep
Our great language!

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