Hello dear.
On the eve of the holiday, let's recall some of the famous monuments
So...
"Warrior-Liberator"- a monument in Berlin's Treptower Park.
Sculptor E. V. Vuchetich, architect Ya. B. Belopolsky, artist A. V. Gorpenko, engineer S. S. Valerius.
Opened May 8, 1949.
Height - 12 meters. Weight - 70 tons.

Motherland (Motherland)
The author of the memorial is Evgeny Vuchetich;
After Vuchetich's death, the project was headed by the Ukrainian sculptor Vasily Borodai;
Sculptors: Frid Sagoyan, Vasily Vinaikin. Architects: Victor Elizarov, Georgy Kisly, Nikolay Feschenko.
Opened as part of the museum complex in 1981 on Victory Day.
The height of the Motherland sculpture (from the pedestal to the tip of the sword) is 62 meters.
The total height with a pedestal is 102 meters.
In one hand, the statue holds a 16-meter sword weighing 9 tons, in the other - a shield measuring 13 × 8 meters with the emblem of the USSR (weighing 13 tons).
The entire structure is all-welded and weighs 450 tons.
The frame itself begins at a depth of 17.8 meters (from the entrance to the museum). A concrete well with a diameter of 34 meters goes to this depth.

"Motherland is calling!"- Volgograd.
The monument is the central part of the triptych, which also consists of the monuments "Rear to the Front" in Magnitogorsk and "Soldier-Liberator" in Berlin's Treptower Park. It is understood that the sword, forged on the banks of the Urals, was then raised by the Motherland in Stalingrad and lowered after the Victory in Berlin
The sculptor is E.V. Vuchetich. Engineer N. V. Nikitin
The sculpture is made of prestressed reinforced concrete - 5500 tons of concrete and 2400 tons of metal structures (without the base on which it stands).
The total height of the monument is 85 meters (the sculpture itself) - 87 meters (the sculpture with a mounting plate). It is installed on a concrete foundation 16 meters deep. The height of the female figure without a sword is 52 meters. The mass of the monument is over 8 thousand tons.
The statue stands on a 2 meter high slab that rests on the main foundation. This foundation is 16 meters high, but it is almost invisible - most of it is hidden underground.

Monument "Rear - to the front"... Magnitogorsk. It is considered the first part of a triptych, which also consists of the Motherland Monuments on the Mamayev Kurgan in Volgograd and the Liberator Warrior in Berlin's Treptower Park.
The sculptor is Lev Nikolaevich Golovnitsky, the architect is Yakov Borisovich Belopolsky.
Material - bronze, granite. Height - 15 meters.

Monument to the heroic defenders of Leningrad on Victory Square in St. Petersburg
Sculptor: M.K. Anikushin. Architects: V.A.Kamensky, S. B. Speransky
Construction 1974-1975
Height 48 m
Material: bronze, granite

"Motherland"- in St. Petersburg at the Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery.
The authors of the ensemble are architects A. V. Vasiliev, E. A. Levinson, sculptors V. V. Isaeva and R. K. Taurit ("Motherland" and reliefs on the side walls), M. A. Vainman, B. E Kaplyansky, A. L. Malakhin, M. M. Kharlamova (high reliefs on the central stele).

"Alyosha"- a monument to the Soviet soldier-liberator, in the Bulgarian city of Plovdiv on the Bunardzhik hill (“The Hill of the Liberators”).
Sculptors V. Radoslavov and others, architects N. Marangozov and others.
Height 10 meters
The prototype of the monument is a private company of the 3rd Ukrainian Front, Alexey Ivanovich Skurlatov, a former rifleman of the 10th separate ski battalion of the 922th rifle regiment, who was transferred to signalmen due to a severe injury. In 1944 he restored the Plovdiv - Sofia telephone line. In Plovdiv, Aleksey Ivanovich made friends with the telephone station worker Metodi Vitanov, a member of the Bulgarian Resistance. Metodi Vitanov handed the photograph of Alexei to the sculptor Vasil Rodoslavov, and he created a monument based on this image

Memorial - "Brest Fortress - Hero"
The memorial "Brest Hero Fortress" was built according to the designs of the sculptor Alexander Pavlovich Kibalnikov.

Sculpture "Unconquered Man" in Khatyn
Architects: Y. Gradov, V. Zankovich, L. Levin. Sculptor S. Selikhanov. The ceremonial opening of the Khatyn memorial took place on July 5, 1969.

Broken ring.(Kokkarevo. Leningrad region)
Architect V.G. Filippov. Sculptor K. M. Simun, Design Engineer I. A. Rybin;

Have a nice time of the day.

Of course, the Great Patriotic War left a huge mark on the history of our Motherland. For 68 years now, we have been annually honoring the memory of those killed on May 9. We all know that in the vastness of Russia were built monuments of the Great Patriotic War in huge quantities. Below in the article we will consider the most famous of them that are located in the hero cities of Russia: Moscow, St. Petersburg, Murmansk, Tula, Volgograd, Novorossiysk and Smolensk. It was these cities that were most famous for their brave defense during the hostilities of 1941-43.

Let's start with Moscow. All Muscovites will undoubtedly say that the most significant for this city is Poklonnaya Gora, on which Victory Park is located. The park was inaugurated on May 9, 1995 during the Victory Day celebrations. The monuments of the Great Patriotic War located here include exhibitions of military equipment, museums of the Second World War and the Holocaust, a memorial mosque and a synagogue, as well as a temple.In addition to these monuments, there are other minor structures that can be seen throughout Moscow.

Next, let's move on to St. Petersburg. As in the capital, the "Venice of the North" also has a Victory Park, but here it is presented in a double: Primorsky, which is dedicated to naval victories, and Moscow, which is built as a holistic memory of the victory. The first does not stand out in any way, but the latter has a large number of buildings on its territory, which are monuments to the soldiers of the Great Patriotic War. Among them stand out where monuments-busts of twice Heroes of Socialist Labor, natives of the city, are built. Also worth noting is the "Rotunda" monument, commemorative crosses and plaques, various sculptures and the "Temporary" chapel. In addition to these parks, it is worth mentioning the Museum-Reserve "Breaking the Siege of Leningrad", as well as the memorial museum "Defense and Siege of Leningrad", in which the entire severity of the battles and "snatching" victory from the Nazi invaders are highlighted.

Tula is not particularly replete with monuments, however, it is worth noting the monument to the defenders of Tula in the Second World War, which is located on and also the Mound of Immortality in the city of Efremov, built at the own expense of residents.

Undoubtedly, one of the greatest cities that showed heroic defense and no less heroic counteroffensive is Volgograd. On the most famous hill, where bloody battles took place from September 1942 to January next - Mamayev Kurgan, there is an architectural ensemble of monuments dedicated to the Second World War. It includes, perhaps, the most famous monument of the Great Patriotic War of Russia "Motherland Calls!", Which, by the way, is one of 3 squares (Sorrow Square, Heroes Square, Square Standing to Death), Monumental relief, high relief "Memory of Generations" , Military cemetery, Ruined walls. The construction, during which many architects were involved, lasted almost 10 years, from 1959 to 1967.

Next, we will have a quick look at the monuments of the Great Patriotic War in Smolensk. In the Readovka park, there is the Mound of Immortality, which was built by the residents of Smolensk in memory of the soldiers and ordinary people who died during the Second World War. It was inaugurated on September 25, 1970. Not far from the Kurgan you can see the Eternal Flame, and in the park itself there is also where thousands of soldiers are buried. Among other monuments of Smolensk, the monument of the Great Patriotic War "Shtyk", which was erected in memory of the soldiers of the legendary 16th Army, who defended the city in July 1941, is worthy of mention.

Every year, on May 9, a holiday is celebrated - Victory Day in the Great Patriotic War against the Nazi invaders.

We owe our freedom to the war heroes who shed their blood, and to all our people who stood up to defend their Fatherland.

Years go by, but we have no right to forget our heritage. Monuments are of great importance for the preservation of historical events and their heroes for many years.

Monument "Motherland - Mother Calls".

For example, an outstanding monument dedicated to the struggle of our people against fascism - "Motherland - Mother Calls" (Volgograd, Mamaev Kurgan).

On the pedestal is a statue of a woman. In her hand is a sword. It is directed up and forward. Turning back, she calls her sons to follow her with the other hand.

Despite the large size of the statue (figure 52 meters, sword length 33 meters), there is a swiftness and ease of movement. The image is convincingly expressed.

The amazing story of the creation of the monument "Alyosha" in the Bulgarian city of Plovdiv.

The monument is dedicated to Soviet soldiers - liberators.

His prototype was the Russian soldier, Siberian Aleksey Ivanovich Skurlatov.

In August 1941 he was drafted into the army. He was 19 years old. At first

He served in artillery reconnaissance, then due to injury he became a signalman.

In the fall of 1944, when Soviet troops entered Bulgaria, he laid a connection from Sofia to Plovdiv.

The Bulgarian people greeted Soviet soldiers cordially.

Alexei made friends with a member of the Bulgarian resistance S. Vitanov and presented him with his photo, and he gave his photo to the local sculptor V. Rodoslavov. The photograph was used during the work on the monument (1954-1957).

The monument was erected on the Bunardzhik hill in Plovdiv "The Hill of the Liberators".

On a 6-meter pedestal there is an 11.5-meter figure of a soldier, you feel strength, calmness and inner purity. No bravado.

Bulgarians love "Alyosha" and try to protect it from attempts to demolish the monument by some politicians who like to remake history.

Historical truth irritates them. After all, there are bas-reliefs on the pedestal: "The Soviet army is beating the enemy", and "The people are meeting Soviet wars."

But the story continues.

In 1966, the poet Vanshenkin and the composer Kolmanovsky wrote their famous song "Alyosha", and it contains the words: - There is a Russian soldier in Bulgaria over the mountain "Alyosha".

A few years later, by chance, this song was heard in Altai, where Aleksey Ivanovich lived and worked after the war. He remembered that he was there too "

It turns out that the soldier has long been wanted throughout the country.

After a thorough check, it was officially confirmed that he was the prototype of "Alyosha".

Alexey Ivanovich lived for 91 years, both fought and worked, with full dedication.

Recently, a new patriotic movement has emerged - the Immortal Regiment.

On Victory Day, demonstrators bring with them portraits of their relatives who took part in the Great Patriotic War, both at the front and in the rear.

In conclusion - the poem "The Immortal Regiment".

Immortal Regiment

Dedicated to the participants of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945).

Long ago those battles rumbled

The soldiers were killed

For the Motherland, freedom,

They could not have done otherwise.

They failed many

Even at your wedding to take a walk,

And destined in deadly battles

At the cost of life

Defend the native land.

The homeland will never forget you.

For all time "Immortal regiment"

You will be a living monument!

And every year, in the spring,

When victorious May comes

Together with us on the squares of the country

The Immortal Regiment will pass ...

May 2017. Rybalkina M.S

According to the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, the human losses of the Soviet Union during the Great Patriotic War amounted to 26.6 million people. In memory of the fallen soldiers, major victories of the Army and the feat of the Soviet people in the war, numerous war memorials and monuments have been erected not only in Russia, but also abroad.
Here are the photos of the Great Patriotic War monuments, which I shot during our travels since 2007. to 2015

1. RF, Volgograd. The main element of the ensemble "To the Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad" on the Mamayev Kurgan is the sculpture "The Motherland Calls!"

2. RF, Volgograd. Gergardt Mill is a building destroyed during the Great Patriotic War, left in ruins as a memory to descendants of the fierce battles of the Battle of Stalingrad

3. RF, Vladivostok. Monument to the sailors of the merchant fleet 1941 -1945.

4. RF, Veliky Novgorod. "Victory Monument" was installed on the "Catherine Hill" in memory of the victory of the Soviet Union over the Nazi invaders

5. RF, Republic of Tatarstan, Elabuga. On the Memory Square there is a bust of Marshal of the Soviet Union - Leonid Alexandrovich Govorov.

6. RF, Moscow region, Odintsovo district. village Troitskoe. Monument to the fallen Soviet soldiers who defended the approaches to Moscow. The surnames of the fallen soldiers are carved on the memorial slabs, including the surname of my husband's great-uncle.

7. RF, Moscow region, Zvenigorod. Memorial to those killed in the Great Patriotic War.

8. RF, Kaliningrad region, Baltiysk. Mass grave on the street. Red Army.

9. RF, Kaliningrad region, Zelenogradsk. The grave of the Hero of the USSR Tkachenko I.F.

10. RF, Republic of Karelia, Medvezhyegorsk. Burial of Soviet soldiers.

11. RF, Republic of Karelia, Medvezhyegorsk region. Mass grave 9 km from the village of Povenets.

12.RF, Republic of Karelia, Medvezhyegorsk region. village Kadmaselga. Mass grave.

13. RF, Kaluga region, Kondrovo. Monument to the Heroes of the Great Patriotic War

14. RF, Kaluga region, regional center Przemysl. Monument to Soviet soldiers who died in the Great Patriotic War.

15. RF, Kaluga region, Ugra National Park, Sukovsky bridgehead.

16. RF, Kaluga region, Yukhnov. Monument to the soldiers who died in the battles for the Motherland

17. RF, Kaluga region, Yukhnov. Monument to prisoners of Nazi concentration camps

18. RF, Kaluga region, Kozelsk. Memorial complex square of Heroes of Kozelsk, Motherland monument.

19. RF, Voronezh region, p. Kochetovka. War memorial "Memory", mass grave No. 305

20. RF, Moscow region, Kubinka. Memorial in the military-historical Museum of armored weapons and equipment of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

21. RF. Moscow region, Dmitrov. Monument to the line of the counteroffensive

22. RF, Vladimir region. Murom. Alley of Heroes of the USSR in Oksky Park.

23. RF, Nizhny Novgorod. Memorial "Gorky Front"

24. RF, Rostov-on-Don. Memorial complex "To the soldiers for the liberation of the city from the Nazi invaders"

25. RF, Yaroslavl region, Rybinsk. Memorial complex "Fire of Glory"

26. RF, Smolensk.

27. RF, Pskov. The tank monument symbolizes the military glory of the tankers who took part in the liberation of Pskov in 1944

28. Poland. Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp and extermination camp (Auschwitz)

29. Slovakia. city ​​of Bratislava. Mount Slavin - a monument erected in honor of Soviet soldiers who died in battles with the Nazis for Bratislava in 1945

30. Belarus. city ​​of Brest. Brest Fortress. Sculpture "Thirst"

31. Hungary. city ​​of Budapest. "Monument to Soviet Soldiers-Liberators"

32. Poland, Warsaw. Monument to the Heroes of Warsaw

33. Lithuania. Klaipeda city. Monument to the Fallen Warriors

34. Estonia. city ​​of Narva. Obelisk dedicated to the soldiers of the Soviet Army who fell in World War II

35. Bulgaria. town of Nessebar.

36. Norway. The grave of seven unknown soldiers of the Soviet army, near the town of Nesna.

37. Estonia. Tallinn. Bronze soldier

Few people know that one of the most famous and tallest Soviet sculptures - "The Motherland Calls!", Which was installed in Volgograd on the Mamayev Kurgan, is only the second part of the composition, which consists of three elements at once. This triptych (a work of art, consisting of three parts and united by a common idea) also includes monuments: "Rear - Front", which is installed in Magnitogorsk and "Soldier-Liberator", located in Treptower Park in Berlin. All three sculptures have one common element - the Sword of Victory.

Two of the three monuments of the triptych - "The Warrior-Liberator" and "The Motherland Calls!" - belong to the hand of one master, monumental sculptor Evgeny Viktorovich Vuchetich, who three times in his work addressed the theme of the sword. The third monument to Vuchetich, which does not belong to this series, was erected in New York in front of the UN headquarters. The composition titled “Beat Swords into Plowshares” shows us a worker who bends a sword into a plow. The sculpture itself was supposed to symbolize the desire of all people in the world to fight for disarmament and the onset of the triumph of peace on Earth.

The first part of the trilogy "Rear to Front", located in Magnitogorsk, symbolizes the Soviet rear, which ensured the country's victory in that terrible war. On the sculpture, a worker hands over a sword to a Soviet soldier. It is understood that this is the Sword of Victory, which was forged and raised in the Urals, later it was raised by the "Motherland" in Stalingrad. The city in which a radical turning point in the war came, and Hitlerite Germany suffered one of its most significant defeats. The third monument in the "Liberator Warrior" series lowers the Sword of Victory in the very lair of the enemy - in Berlin.

The reasons why it was Magnitogorsk that had such an honor - to become the first Russian city in which a monument to home front workers was erected, should not surprise anyone. According to statistics, every second tank and every third shell during the war years was fired from Magnitogorsk steel. Hence the symbolism of this monument - an employee of a defense plant, standing in the East, hands over a forged sword to a front-line soldier who is sent to the West. Where the trouble came from.

Later, this sword forged in the rear will be carried up in Stalingrad on the Mamayev Kurgan "Motherland". In the place where there was a turning point in the war. And already at the end of the composition "The Warrior-Liberator" will lower the sword on the swastika in the very center of Germany, in Berlin, completing the defeat of the fascist regime. A beautiful, laconic and very logical composition that unites the three most famous Soviet monuments dedicated to the Great Patriotic War.

Despite the fact that the Sword of Victory began its journey in the Urals and finished it in Berlin, the monuments of the triptych were built in the reverse order. So the monument "Soldier-Liberator" was erected in Berlin in the spring of 1949, the construction of the monument "Motherland Calls!" ended in the fall of 1967. And the first monument of the series "Rear - Front" was ready only in the summer of 1979.

"Rear - to the front"

Monument "Rear - Front"

The authors of this monument are sculptor Lev Golovnitsky and architect Yakov Belopolsky. Two main materials were used to create the monument - granite and bronze. The height of the monument is 15 meters, while outwardly it looks much more impressive. This effect is created by the fact that the monument is located on a high hill. The central part of the monument is a composition that consists of two figures: a worker and a soldier. The worker is oriented to the east (in the direction where the Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works was located), and the warrior looks to the west. There, where the main hostilities took place during the Great Patriotic War. The rest of the monument in Magnitogorsk is an eternal flame, which was made in the form of a star-flower made of granite.

An artificial hill was erected on the bank of the river for the installation of the monument, the height of which was 18 meters (the base of the hill was specially reinforced with reinforced concrete piles so that it could withstand the weight of the installed monument and did not collapse over time). The monument was made in Leningrad, and in 1979 it was installed on the spot. The monument was also supplemented by two trapezoids as tall as a man, on which were listed the names of residents of Magnitogorsk, who received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union during the war years. In 2005, another part of the monument was opened. This time, the composition was supplemented with two triangles, on which you can read the names of all residents of Magnitogorsk who died during the hostilities in 1941-1945 (a little more than 14 thousand names are listed in total).

"Rear - to the front"

Monument "Motherland Calls!"

Monument "Motherland Calls!" is located in the city of Volgograd and is the compositional center of the monument-ensemble "To the Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad", which is located on the Mamayev Kurgan. This statue is considered one of the tallest on the planet. Today it is ranked 11th in the Guinness Book of Records. At night, the monument is effectively illuminated by spotlights. This sculpture was designed by sculptor E.V. Vuchetich and engineer N.V. Nikitin. The sculpture on the Mamayev Kurgan represents the figure of a woman standing with a sword raised up. This monument is a collective allegorical image of the Motherland, which calls on everyone to unite in order to defeat the enemy.

Drawing some analogy, one can compare the statue "The Motherland Calls!" with the ancient goddess of victory Nika of Samothrace, who also called on her children to repel the forces of the invaders. Subsequently, the silhouette of the sculpture "The Motherland Calls!" was placed on the coat of arms and flag of the Volgograd region. It should be noted that the peak for the construction of the monument was created artificially. Prior to this, the highest point of the Mamaev Kurgan in Volgograd was the territory, which was located 200 meters from the current peak. Currently, there is the Church of All Saints.

"The Motherland Calls!"

The creation of the monument in Volgograd, excluding the pedestal, took 2,400 tons of metal structures and 5,500 tons of concrete. At the same time, the total height of the sculptural composition was 85 meters (according to other sources, 87 meters). Before starting the construction of the monument, a foundation was dug on the Mamayev Kurgan for a statue 16 meters deep, and a two-meter slab was installed on this foundation. The height of the 8000-ton statue itself was 52 meters. In order to provide the necessary rigidity of the frame of the statue, 99 metal cables were used, which are in constant tension. The thickness of the walls of the monument, made of reinforced concrete, does not exceed 30 cm, the inner surface of the monument consists of separate chambers that resemble the structures of a residential building.

The original 33-meter sword, which weighed 14 tons, was made of stainless steel with a titanium sheath. But the huge size of the statue led to a strong swing of the sword, especially in windy weather. As a result of such influences, the structure gradually deformed, the sheets of titanium cladding began to shift, and an unpleasant metallic rattle appeared when the structure swayed. To eliminate this phenomenon, the reconstruction of the monument was organized in 1972. During the work, the blade of the sword was replaced with another, which was made of fluorinated steel, with holes made in the upper part, which were supposed to reduce the effect of the windage of the structure.

"The Motherland Calls!"

Once the chief sculptor of the monument, Yevgeny Vuchetich, told Andrei Sakharov about his most famous sculpture "The Motherland Calls!" “My bosses often asked me why a woman’s mouth was open, it’s ugly,” Vuchetich said. The famous sculptor answered this question: "And she shouts - for the Motherland ... your mother!"

Monument "Warrior-Liberator"

On May 8, 1949, on the eve of the fourth anniversary of the victory over Nazi Germany, a grand opening of a monument to Soviet soldiers who died during the storming of the German capital took place in Berlin. The Liberator Warrior monument was erected in Berlin's Treptower Park. Its sculptor was E.V. Vuchetich, and the architect was Y.B. Belopolsky. The monument was opened on May 8, 1949, the height of the warrior's sculpture itself was 12 meters, its weight is 70 tons. This monument has become a symbol of the victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War, and it also personifies the liberation of all European peoples from fascism.

The sculpture of a soldier with a total weight of about 70 tons was produced in the spring of 1949 in Leningrad at the Monumental Sculpture plant; it consisted of 6 parts, which were then transported to Germany. Work on the creation of a memorial complex in Berlin was completed in May 1949. On May 8, 1949, the memorial was solemnly opened by the Soviet commandant of Berlin, Major General A.G. Kotikov. In September 1949, all responsibilities for the care and maintenance of the monument were transferred by the Soviet military commandant's office to the magistrate of Greater Berlin.

"Warrior-Liberator"

The center of the Berlin composition is a bronze figure of a Soviet soldier standing on the wreckage of a fascist swastika. In one hand he holds a lowered sword, and with the other hand he supports the saved German girl. It is assumed that the prototype for this sculpture was a real Soviet soldier Nikolai Maslov, a native of the village of Voznesenka, Tisulsky District, Kemerovo Region. During the storming of the German capital in April 1945, he saved a German girl. Vuchetich himself created the Warrior - Liberator monument from the Soviet paratrooper Ivan Odarenko from Tambov. And for the girl, 3-year-old Svetlana Kotikova, who was the daughter of the commandant of the Soviet sector of Berlin, posed for the sculpture. It is curious that in the sketch of the monument the soldier was holding an automatic rifle in his free hand, but at the suggestion of Stalin, the sculptor Vuchetich replaced the automatic rifle with a sword.

The monument, like all three monuments of the triptych, is located on a bulk mound, a staircase leads to the pedestal. There is a round hall inside the pedestal. Its walls were decorated with mosaic panels (by the artist A.V. Gorpenko). The panel depicted representatives of various peoples, including the peoples of Central Asia and the Caucasus, laying wreaths at the grave of Soviet soldiers. Above their heads, in Russian and German, it is written: “Nowadays everyone recognizes that the Soviet people, by their selfless struggle, saved the civilization of Europe from the fascist pogromists. This is the great merit of the Soviet people to humanity. " In the center of the hall was a cube-shaped pedestal, made of black polished stone, on which a gold box with a parchment book in red morocco binding was installed. This book contains the names of the heroes who died in the battles for the German capital and were buried in mass graves. The dome of the hall was decorated with a chandelier with a diameter of 2.5 meters, which is made of crystal and rubies, the chandelier reproduces the Order of Victory.

"Warrior-Liberator"

In the fall of 2003, the sculpture "Liberator Warrior" was dismantled and sent for restoration work. In the spring of 2004, the restored monument returned to its rightful place. Today this complex is the center of commemorative celebrations.

Sources of information:
http://ribalych.ru/2014/08/04/unikalnyj-triptix
http://www.pravda34.info/?page_id=1237
http://defendingrussia.ru/love/pamyatniki_pobedy
http://www.tgt.ru/menu-ver/encyclopedia/tourism/countries/dostoprimechatelnosti/dostoprimechatelnosti_155.html
https://ru.wikipedia.org