Real learning

In occupational safety classes you will learn:

basics of labor protection management in production;
how to ensure the safety of production activities;
ensuring OT requirements and issues related to it;
methodology for organizing occupational health and safety training;
subtleties social protection those who were injured at work.

It is worth remembering that the management staff of the organization and production specialists are required to undergo OT training at least once every 3 years. However, employers have the opportunity to create personal labor protection commissions, which is regulated by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, art. 218. Members of the commission are trained according to an expanded program, after which they have the right to conduct training on labor protection in the workplace independently.

Who should be trained in OSH?

Our center offers OT training courses that comply with the Decree of the Ministry of Labor and the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dated January 13, 2003 No. 1/29 on the sequence of training and verification of OT knowledge of employees of organizations.

Compulsory training is directed to:

management personnel of organizations and departments;
employees who are responsible for occupational safety;
members of the commission for the protection and assessment of working conditions;
managers and specialists responsible for organizing and performing work on the ground, carrying out technical supervision and control;
authorized persons of trade unions and other organizations who represent the interests of employees of organizations.

We are professionals! In our organization annually more than 2000 people are trained throughout Russia (according to the labor protection program). The teachers of our center regularly improve their knowledge in organizations controlled by the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation. The health and safety programs used by our specialists are constantly being modernized in accordance with the requirements of the current legislation.

We use modern distance educational technologies that allow students to undergo training on the job, being anywhere in Russia and the world.

We have all permits for training and have a license from the Moscow Department of Education.

How is OT training carried out? Our center offers complete OT training in just 40 hours. But since the specifics of the work of enterprises are different, our specialists will help you choose the optimal course and amount of information that will correspond to the activities of your organization. In this case, you have the right to choose the most convenient way to study:

remote;
with the departure of the teacher to the enterprise;
in the auditorium of our center;
according to an individual schedule created by our company especially for your organization.

This Standard establishes the procedure for monitoring compliance with standards, compliance with the requirements of the rules, instructions for labor protection, industrial and fire safety, labor safety standards at all stages of production activity.
The standard has been developed in accordance with Methodical recommendations on the organization of three-stage control over the state of labor protection, taking into account the management structure of OJSC "Volga".
The standard applies to all structural units enterprises.

Designation:	STP 12.0213.004-2005
Russian name:	OSHMS. Administrative and public control (AOK) for labor protection, industrial and fire safety. Order of conduct
Status:	acting
Date of text update:	01.10.2008
Date added to the database:	01.02.2009
Effective date:	14.06.2005
Designed by:	OJSC "Volga"
Approved by:	Volga OJSC (14.06.2005)
Published:	magazine "Handbook of Occupational Safety Specialist" No. 2 2006

STP 12.0213.004-2005

STANDARD OF THE ENTERPRISE

OSHMS. Administrative and public control (AOK) for labor protection, industrial and fire safety. Order of conduct

Approved
by order of the CEO
OJSC "Volga"
from 14.06.05 No. 198
The term of introduction - from 14.06.05

The standard was developed in accordance with the Methodological Recommendations for the organization of three-stage control over the state of labor protection, taking into account the management structure of OJSC "Volga".

The standard applies to all structural divisions of the enterprise.

1. General Provisions

1.1 .. Administrative and public control over labor protection, industrial and fire safety, along with operational control carried out by the head of work and other officials; control carried out by the service of labor protection, industrial and fire safety of the enterprise; control carried out by state supervision and control bodies is the main type of control carried out by the administration of the enterprise together with the trade union organization (represented by representatives of its elected bodies) over the state of working conditions and safety at workplaces, production sites, in workshops, as well as over compliance by all services, officials and employees of the requirements of labor legislation, labor protection legislation, labor safety standards, rules, norms, instructions and other regulations on labor protection, industrial and fire safety.

1.2. The purpose of administrative and public control is to identify shortcomings in the field of labor protection, industrial and fire safety at all stages of production activities, their timely elimination, analysis of the causes and development of measures to prevent their recurrence.

1.3. Administrative and public control does not replace or cancel other types of control (control carried out by officials in accordance with their duties, as well as public control, carried out by the professional union in the person of its elected bodies and representatives of labor protection).

1.4. Administrative and public control is carried out at three levels (in three stages):

At the level of the site (shift, laboratory, warehouse) - the first step;

At the level of the shop (department, service) - the second stage;

At the enterprise level - the third stage.

2. The first stage of administrative and public control

2.1. The first stage of control is carried out by the head of the relevant section (foreman, section manager, shift supervisor, etc.) and the occupational safety officer at this section.

2.2. The head of the site, together with the authorized person for labor protection, on a daily basis (every shift during shift work) at the beginning of work, check the state of workplaces at their site (maintenance of passages, territories); serviceability of equipment, tools, devices; availability and serviceability of fences; operation of ventilation units and dust and gas trapping devices; illumination of workplaces and passages; availability and serviceability of primary fire extinguishing equipment; the presence of the necessary instructions at the workplace and immediately take measures to eliminate the identified deficiencies.

If the deficiencies cannot be eliminated immediately by the efforts of the workers of the site, measures are taken to prevent workers from entering the hazardous area (if necessary, when there is a real threat to the safety of life and health of personnel, by stopping the defective equipment) and reported to the management of the workshop.

The inspectors make appropriate entries about the results of the inspection in a special journal of administrative and public control of labor protection (the journals must be numbered and laced).

2.3. During the work shift, the site manager and the occupational safety officer monitor the observance of labor protection, industrial and fire safety instructions by employees; timely cleaning of production waste and finished products, avoiding clutter and cluttering of workplaces, walkways and driveways; availability and correct use of overalls, special footwear, other personal protective equipment, safety and blocking devices.

2.4. If the workers fail to comply with safe work practices or labor protection, industrial and fire safety requirements, the site manager suspends the work and gives the offender an unscheduled briefing with an entry in the briefing log. The surname of the offender, the violations committed by him and the measures taken are entered in the journal of administrative and public control.

2.5. The head of the shop (department) daily reviews the entries in the journal of administrative and public control, appoints persons responsible for the elimination of deficiencies noted in the journal, determines and monitors the timing of their elimination, and takes measures for the guilty parties.

3. The second stage of administrative and public control

3.1. The head of the workshop (department), the chairman of the trade union committee of the subdivision or the senior authorized for labor protection, with the involvement of workshop specialists (mechanic, power engineer, technologist, etc.) and the inspector of the State Fire Inspection (22-PCh), at least once a week, the commission will conduct a targeted inspection of the state of labor protection, industrial and fire safety in the shop.

3.2. When checking, the commission monitors the proper maintenance and safe operation of production and auxiliary premises, structures, equipment, tools, inventory, transport and lifting equipment, pressure vessels, safety and locking devices; correct organization of work and workplaces; safe storage, transportation and use of poisonous, caustic and explosive substances; availability and serviceability of primary fire extinguishing means; timeliness and completeness of training and instructing employees on labor protection, industrial and fire safety; provision and use of overalls, special footwear, necessary personal and collective protective equipment by workers; sufficiency and proper operation of sanitary and household appliances and drinking water supply, ventilation systems and dust and gas trapping devices.

3.3. During the second stage of control, the effectiveness of the administrative and public control of the first stage is analyzed, the timeliness of eliminating the deficiencies identified during previous inspections is monitored, and the attitude of the responsible officials of the shop (department) to labor protection, industrial and fire safety issues is assessed with the adoption, if necessary, of appropriate measures.

4. The third stage of administrative and public control

4.1. The third stage of administrative and public control is carried out monthly in 4-6 divisions of the enterprise in accordance with the schedule approved by the general director of OJSC "Volga" and agreed with the trade union committee of the enterprise.

4.2. Control is carried out by a commission under the leadership of the department (deputy), which is subordinate to the corresponding unit. The head of the technical department takes part in the work of the commission for checking paper shops, WPC, DMC, TMM shop.

4.3. The commission includes chief specialists, representatives of the labor protection service, industrial and fire safety, the trade union committee of the enterprise and the senior inspector (inspector) of the State Fire Inspection (22-PCh).

4.4. During the third stage of control, the following is checked:

Organization and results of work of the first and second stages of control;

elimination of deficiencies identified during previous inspections;

Fulfillment of orders for the enterprise, decisions of the trade union committee of OJSC "Volga" on labor protection issues;

Compliance with the instructions of state supervision and control bodies;

Implementation of measures provided for by the collective agreement, labor protection agreement, acts of investigation of industrial accidents, incidents and accidents;

Certification of sanitary and technical condition and working conditions in the shop;

Technical condition and maintenance of buildings, structures, workshop premises and adjacent territories; compliance with their regulatory and technical requirements for labor protection, industrial and fire safety; condition of roads, tunnels, passages and galleries;

Compliance of technological, lifting, transport, power and other equipment with regulatory requirements for labor protection, industrial and fire safety;

Efficiency of supply and exhaust ventilation, dust and gas collection devices;

Compliance with the schedules of preventive maintenance of equipment, availability of communication schemes and connection of power equipment;

Availability and serviceability of primary fire extinguishing equipment;

Provision of employees with personal protective equipment, sanitary facilities and devices;

The state of visual agitation on labor protection, industrial and fire safety; organization and conduct of training and briefings for workers in labor protection, industrial and fire safety;

Preparedness of personnel for work in emergency conditions;

Compliance with the established regime of work and rest, labor discipline.

4.5. The results of the inspection are documented in a prescription act (having the force of an order) indicating the deadlines for eliminating the identified deficiencies.

Developed by:
chief industrial engineer
and fire safety
E.G. SHMELEV

Introduction

I. Industrial injuries and the state of training in the rules and regulations of labor safety 8

II. Theoretical foundations of teaching the rules and regulations of labor safety 31

2.1. Classification of techniques and teaching methods

2.2. Intellectual Learning Languages 34

2.3. Structure of the training system 39

2.4. Representation of knowledge in the knowledge base and methodology for making a decision 41

2.5. Building an inference engine 45

2.6. Material teaching aids

2.7. Requirements for building a software package 56

2.8. General composition and structure of the software package 62

III. Structural diagram and principles of the formation of the initial parameters of the training system for the rules and regulations of labor safety

3.1. The structure and parameters of the system model as a learning object 74

3.2 Ways of describing the structure of the training system 79

3.3 Method for choosing the optimal strategy of the training system 32

3.4. Trainee Model 89

3.5. Criterion of the effectiveness of the functioning of the training system 96

IV. Automated complex of training in the rules and regulations of labor safety

4.1. Complex structure 99

4.2. Information retrieval system of normative and technical documentation 101

4.3. Knowledge control system with learning elements 103

4.4. Subsystem for monitoring the timing of verification and quality of knowledge

4.5. Business game of teaching labor protection issues 108

References

Introduction to work

The urgency of the problem. In 1993, despite a sharp decline in production and reduced working hours, 340,000 people were injured in the country, of which 7,600 were killed and 13,800 were disabled. In relative terms, this is significantly higher than in most developed countries. According to the Goskomstat, with “a decline in production by 50% and a decrease in capital investments by 2/3. the number of casualties decreased by only 5%, and the number of fatal injuries increased.

Therefore, the task of improving working conditions and labor protection is not only not removed from the agenda, but is becoming more and more urgent. It is solved by improving the "man-machine-environment" system. The person is its central link, because as a result of his inadequate actions ui 50 to 95% of all accidents occur.

One of the main reasons for such actions is the lack of personnel training. This is explained by the fact that modern production requires complex practical skills, especially in emergency and emergency situations, when performing work of increased danger (mining, oil and other industries), for the acquisition and assimilation of which it is necessary to know a large number of provisions from the regulatory and technical documentation.

The organization of training for all categories of workers in the rules and regulations of labor safety is regulated by the standard. However, it does not provide any methods. In turn, there is a significant number modern methods, but they do not take into account the specifics of training in occupational safety issues. Therefore, it is required, on the basis of modern methods, to create a methodology for teaching the rules and norms of labor safety and thus, due to the quality of personnel training, to stabilize, and subsequently. and improve the state of labor protection.

purpose of work consists in the development of an automated training complex for the rules and standards of labor safety, taking into account personnel, their qualifications, forms of training, the content of the studied material, etc. To achieve this goal, the following scientific tasks are solved:

creation of a methodology for assessing the impact of personnel training on the occurrence of the causes of an accident;

creation of a methodology for determining the sequence of studying educational material based on the development of a mathematical model for the formation of a teaching strategy;

development of a methodology for determining the optimal volume of educational material based on the creation of a student's model;

development of methods for automated 065 "learning and control of knowledge by trainees, as well as assessing the degree of assimilation of educational material.

Research methods... The studies were carried out using probability theories, mathematical statistics, matrices, graphs, differential calculus, expert systems, database systems; methods - mathematical analysis, mathematical modeling, analysis of complex systems based on their representation in the form of abbreviated disjunctive normal forms. representation of the investigated object in the form of a two-mode control object, approximate calculations, computer modeling.

Scientific novelty consists in the developed principles, models and methods for assessing the impact of the preparedness of personnel on the likelihood of their inappropriate actions; mathematical models for determining the level of preparedness of personnel and their training program; creation of a training complex based on the developed models using computer technology.

The following basic scientific provisions are submitted for protection:

the structure and principles of creating an intelligent automated system for teaching labor safety rules and regulations;

a methodology for choosing the order of presentation and volume of educational material based on the use of a mathematical model of a teaching strategy. using the representation of the learning system in the form of abbreviated disjunctive normal forms (abbreviated dnf);

9 assessment methodology individual abilities the trainee based on the use of a model representing him in the form of a two-mode control object, the mode of operation of which is determined by the nature

ft the process of assimilation or control of knowledge (the studied processes are described

as differential equations with undefined

coefficients).

Practical value... It is due to a decrease in the level of injuries due to an improvement in the quality of education, achieved through the use of an individual approach, generalization of best practices and ample opportunities for independent work trainees.

Implementation of work... The work was carried out within the framework of theme 01.28 "To develop a regulatory, legal and software-information base for professional selection, training and certification of personnel of enterprises of the fuel and energy complex" on the basis of Decision N8 / 8 of 30.09.92 of the Collegium of the Ministry of Fuel and Energy and Gosgortechnadzor "On the state of safety and security of labor TEK ".

The main research results are reflected in the developed automated training complex implemented at a number of enterprises of the Ministry of Fuel and Energy and consisting of the following parts:

information retrieval system of regulatory and technical
documentation;

knowledge control systems with learning elements;

subsystems for monitoring the timing of verification and quality of knowledge;

the business game of controlling the level of mastery of the material in the collective training of personnel.

Approbation of work... The main provisions of the dissertation were presented and discussed at:

“Poisk-92” school-seminar on life safety, Moscow, 1992;

interuniversity with international participation of scientific and practical
conference dedicated to the 20th anniversary of SamIIT "For technical progress
on the railways", Samara, 1993;

in the "VIII state scientific and methodological conference" New educational systems and technologies ", Samara, 1993;

in the All-Russian scientific and methodological conference "Integrated systems of continuous education", Samara, 1994;

scientific and methodological conference on the results of scientific and methodological work dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the university "Experience and problems of practical implementation of a multilevel education system", Samara, 1995;

International scientific conference"Problems of Railway Transport Safety", Novosibirsk, 1995;

The International Symposium "Ecology and Life Safety, Scientific and Applied Aspects, Engineering Solutions" within the framework of the International Congress "Ecology, Life, Health", Volgograd, 1996;

International Scientific and Methodological Conference "Safety Problems and Continuing Education in Ecology and Belarusian Railways", St. Petersburg, 1996.

Knowledge representation in the knowledge base and decision-making methodology

The method of teaching is the teacher's actions leading to the achievement of the nearest specific educational goal.

The purposeful cognitive action of the student, carried out either in an external or in an ideal plan hidden from us, is called a teaching technique.

Under these conditions, the teaching method can be defined as a system of teaching methods, determined by the content of education, the goals of teaching and the structure of teaching.

The definition of the teaching method through the system of teaching methods allows us to talk about the structure of the activities of the trainer and the students. The approach to the method as a k-structure of the activity of mutual communication determined the identity of the selected common methods learning: information-receptive, reproductive, heuristic and partially search, research.

The method differs from one another in a set of teaching methods, their number and sequence. In addition, one of the teaching methods turns out to be dominant both in frequency of application and in time. If I dominate! methods of explanation and demonstration, then they determine the information-receptive teaching method or the information-communicating method, and if the variation of questions and the setting of tasks, then such a teaching method will be exploratory, which in a binary nomenclature (a binary lodlid is understood as a classification of methods on two grounds, one of which related to the activity of the teacher, the other - to the activity of the student), the stimulating method of teaching and the search method of teaching. The definition of the teaching method through a system of techniques makes it possible to consider it from the point of view of the general functional activity of the teacher. So, when transferring theoretical knowledge or instructional provisions on the organization of cognitive activity to students, such techniques will dominate that organize the perception of students as an activity or imitate the conditions of creative activity. In the case of control over the level of assimilation, the method is determined by varying questions and a set of knowledge adequate to the objectives of the test. By the nature of the most general functional activity of the teacher, two methods can be distinguished: information transfer and control. It is important to consider here that it is not a classification of methods that is presented, but they themselves and that they can become an object of classification. Depending on the purpose of using this or that source of knowledge in teaching, the methods of transferring information and control are divided into verbal, visual and practical. In turn, each of them can be productive or reproductive, depending on the goal of organizing the cognitive activity of students, inductive or deductive, depending on the goal of the logical aspect of the presentation of knowledge, research or programmed, depending on the organization of independent activity, etc. (Figure 2.1). Considering training techniques for more high level abstraction, it will be possible to single out a relatively small number of dominant techniques. These include: explanation in any of its types (explanation, message, description, instruction); demonstration of experiments, diagrams, drawings, drawings, models, paintings, etc .; 34 showing a practical action or a sample of performing an action, solving a problem, writing rules, pronunciation rules, rules of construction, etc.; posing questions, tasks, assignments; variation, that is, changing the conditions of tasks, questions, tasks, schemes, as well as a number of other techniques. In connection with the selection of the concept of learning as essential component concept of the method, it is necessary to take into account that the method itself presupposes the achievement of a number of specific goals, depending on which certain teaching methods are selected. Moreover, he can acquire independence from the method, which includes, or become independent. Learning tools can be divided into intellectual and material. Analyzing the activities of the teacher, it is possible to distinguish a number of purposeful intellectual actions and their various types, and the learning process is impracticable. For example, a teacher's activities related to the replenishment of their own knowledge are carried out systematically in preparation for classes. In fact, THE PROCESS OF THIS ACTIVITY PROVIDES A NUCKLE cognitive activity, and it is characterized by all known patterns, methods and techniques of teaching, as well as creative activity. In preparation for classes, the teacher also performs actions to program the learning process: selects the necessary and sufficient special information, as well as information of an instructive nature to manage the activities of the trainees and provide feedback; plans training time, selects methods of transferring information and control (training methods), traces the sequence of their application; selects the necessary material means to illustrate the material insufficiently known to students and to directly include them in the learning process in connection with a special pedagogical task (to reveal the essence of the phenomenon, explain the laws, bring students to scientific generalizations); predicts possible training methods and decides the question of TOY, to what extent the selected methods will be adequate individual characteristics trainees, etc. The activity of the teacher is, first of all, the activity of the intellectual system to solve a number of pedagogical problems. The first stage is the extraction of knowledge.

Two main areas can be distinguished here: formalization quality knowledge and their integration. The first direction is associated with the creation of various methods that make it possible to move from knowledge expressed in textual form to their analogs, suitable for input into the memory of an intelligent system. In connection with this problem, not only traditional methods of processing experimental data were developed, but also a completely new direction, called fuzzy mathematics.

The next big problem when considering intelligent systems is the representation of knowledge in memory. Currently, intelligent systems use four basic models of knowledge: for the nerves, the model is closest to how knowledge is represented in natural language texts. It is based on the idea that any necessary information can be described as a set of triples of the form (a, x, b) where a to b are two objects or concepts, and x is a binary relation between them. Such a modettk graphically (Figure 2.2) can be represented as a network in which objects or concepts correspond to vertices, and relations between THEM correspond to arcs.

Requirements for building a software package

With these principles in mind software system functions as follows. The system is launched by activating the dispatcher. which is constantly in random access memory... The end user interface is called from the dispatcher. After the user makes a selection within the window menu, the dispatcher loads the corresponding program module into the RAM. After completing its work, control again returns to the dispatcher, which activates the end-user interface, and the described process is repeated.

In order to save RAM, the program modules of the dispatcher and the end-user interface are written in the Borland C ++ programming language, the built-in libraries for working with graphics are written in the Mickrosoft C language, the rest of the modules are in the Clipper language (in order to facilitate access to the DBF files). In accordance with the requirements specified in the construction requirements, the PC consists of the following main components (Fig.2.4): databases (DB);

Databases with raw data are populated by end users with. with the help of special application programs made in the form of information retrieval systems and contain data intended for long-term storage. They include the following databases: DB with educational material (as a rule, these are texts classified as appropriate educational topics); DB with control m and questions and; in the database, characterizing various training topics (names ТЄМ, БЗЛНПІССБЯЗЇЇ between topics, the volume of training material, etc.). The database with the calculation results is formed in the course of the applied calculation programs. As a rule, in the course of their work, such programs change the content of these databases. This includes databases containing the characteristics of specific trainees (the level of the trainee's knowledge on various topics, the trainee's ability to assimilate information, etc.). Information from these databases isp when planning educational process The database management system (DBMS), part of the R. GOST R PC, is designed to implement centralized database management and provides access to data. Therefore, programs using information from the database access the database not directly at the level of working with files, but through the DBMS. Since the information in the database files is stored in a special format, this software allows you to significantly simplify access to it. The DBMS performs the following main functions: “data entry, while providing the ability to accumulate data and make changes; processing requests to read data; providing opportunities for organizing various types of information retrieval in the database; deleting information from the database; other functions, such as reorganizing the location of data (records), allocating a part of the database that is strictly defined in accordance with the NORMAL condition, processing errors when entering data and when processing requests to read data. The functions of the DBMS are performed by the embedded libraries of the "Clipper" programming nlik. The data dictionaries included in the PC are designed to store uniform and centralized information about all PC resources, which contain information about data, their properties and relationships, and names. semantic descriptions, structure, links with other data, about possible meanings and formats of data presentation, about sources of data origin. Data dictionaries serve the purpose of reducing data redundancy and inconsistency.

In the process of working with a PC, the end user, as well as prop-mshmm. using information from the database, work in terms of the conceptual data model (Figure 2.5), i.e. with real data names. When accessing the data dictionary, the set of real names is transformed into B MKSZHSTBS (S], which describes the logical data model.According to the logical data model, the data dictionary stores the following information: about grouping data elements with an indication of key elements, about the data model used, about the relationships of data groups within the framework of the logical model, about external models supported by the logical model (various logical ways of accessing data), about programs and modules. Further, when accessing the DBMS, the set [S] is transformed into the set [ci], which describes the internal model. The DBMS stores information about the physical representation of data, such as length (in bytes), type of representation (bit or character string, integer, floating point number), precision (for numeric data), alignment (left, right, center), pattern (for data entry), validation rules (constant, range of values), location (sequential position at which to place data element inside the data block), devices on which the database is located. Further, there is an appeal to physical storage media (magnetic disk).

For example, a user needs to change the characteristic of the training material "Training topic", while = "Training topic". After referring to the data dictionary, it is converted into converted into [ci] - addresses of blocks of information on a magnetic disk.

The data dictionaries included in the PC are implemented programmatically and based on DBF files of the DBF format with a fixed structure. For example, a data dictionary that describes how tabular data is presented on the screen is a DBF file with the following fields:

Method for choosing the optimal strategy of the training system

After the end-user interface is activated, a check is made for the presence of an intermediate file (block 2), which is used to link the end-user interface with application programs. If the GRT o "1 \ j) vLI JJ does not exist, then this means that the end-user interface is activated for the first time (after starting the PC). In this case, the user menu of the first \ fovnya (block 3) is activated and the user or makes a choice, or enters a command to shutdown the PC.If the user makes a choice, the second-level menu (block 9) is activated. In this case, the user can give the command to return back (to the first-level menu - block 3) or make a choice (i.e. give the command to activate the program module corresponding to the selected menu item) In this case, the name of the corresponding program module is written to an intermediate file (this file will be read by the dispatcher) - block 12 and the end-user interface completes its work (block 8), passing the dispatcher the termination code "zero" (so that the dispatcher "knows" that he needs to run the program, the name of which is contained in the intermediate file) - Liaok! 3. On subsequent launches of the end-user interface the intermediate file will exist (block 2), while the second stage menu is activated (block 9) and the described process is repeated (the contents of the intermediate file are preliminarily read in order to determine which menu of the second level to activate). In the case when the user enters the command to shutdown the PC (block 4). first, the intermediate file is deleted (so that the next time the PC is started, the end-user interface will activate the first-level menu - block 6), then the end-user interface ends its work (block 8), and the dispatcher has an exit code "one" (so that the dispatcher "knows" that it is necessary to shut down the PC) - block 7. The PC manager is designed to control the entire process of PC functioning. The dispatcher, being constantly in the PC's RAM, launches the rest of the PC components in the required sequence. 70 The dispatcher is launched at the initial start of the PC. at lip, the variable M is assigned to the left value (block 2). This variable is used to let the dispatcher "know" which program has finished its work before this - the application program or the end-user interface. Next, the value of the variable M. is checked if it is equal to zero. the dispatcher activates the end-user interface (block 8). The end-user interface module in the course of its work (depending on the user's choice) creates an intermediate file in which the name of the program that must be started is written, and when it finishes its work, it passes the termination code to the dispatcher (via the onqvannoHHort system), which is read by the dispatcher into the C variable (block 9). B case. if the exit code is not zero (this means that the user gave the command to end the session with the PC) - block 10, the dispatcher stops working. Otherwise, the variable M is assigned a single value (block 7) so that the dispatcher "knows" about the need to start the next pripyadny program. Then, information is read from the intermediate file into the variable FILE (block 4) and the application program with this name is launched (block 5). After that, the variable M is assigned a zero value (block 6) due to the fact that the next activated module should be the end-user interface, and the described process is repeated. The application programs included in the PC, as a rule, use the information from the database files. These programs are divided into four classes: information retrieval systems; »Calculation programs; »Interactive survey programs; “Report generation programs. і Information retrieval systems are intended for entering, correcting data by the end user, independent work of a student with educational material, viewing the progress of the learning process. As a rule, these programs dialog with the user using a non-procedural query language in the system of hierarchical menus and, upon request, provide data in tabular form (for example, data on control questions, educational topics, 5-th text material, etc.). Calculation programs are designed to carry out the various ones used in planning the educational process. As a rule, they use a database with initial data and a database with the results of previous calculations as input parameters, and the obtained values are rewritten into the database with the calculation results. The dialogue with the user usually boils down to giving information about the stage at which the calculations are, as well as the ability of the user to interrupt the work) of the program. The PC includes the following basic calculation modules: a module for choosing a preferred training topic; a module that calculates the required amount of educational material that is presented to the student during a training session (lesson); a module that determines the required intensity of the survey.

Dialogue survey programs are designed to conduct quizzes. As a rule, these programs completely take the initiative of the dialogue on themselves, asking the trainee control questions and recording his answers.

Report generation software is used to generate output documents using data from the database with the calculation results. Upon request, they provide the user with generalized information about the course of the educational process (at what level is the knowledge of the study group as a whole, what is the dynamics of teaching a particular student, etc.). Output documents can be presented in the form of tables, as well as in the form of graphs, charts and histograms.

Subsystem for monitoring the timing of verification and quality of knowledge

The information retrieval system (ISS) of the normative and technical documentation k is intended for the prompt issuance of information from the normative and technical documentation on labor protection and improving the quality W of studying safety rules and regulations. The collection of this information is carried out by the labor protection services of the enterprise.

Output information is issued promptly, at the request of the user. The result of the work of the ISS of regulatory and technical documentation is the formation of a document (or a group of documents) obtained as a result of an organized search in the database of regulatory and technical documentation on labor protection. All information is displayed on the display screen, if desired, you can get a printout on a printer. The input information necessary for organizing the search for normative documents is formed in the form of a dialogue with the user. This subsystem provides a flexible dialogue system and has the ability to adapt to the user's level of knowledge. The dialogue language of information retrieval in the documentary-factual data base includes the following basic services: training in working with the system (hint); step-by-step descriptor-characteristic search in the document base; search for documents by values, fragments and other reasons. ISS forms an array of data, including: catalogs of normative and reference documentation; content or excerpts from industry-specific reference documents. The array is, in accordance with it, divided into four blocks: legislation on labor protection; occupational health and industrial sanitation; safety engineering; fire and explosion safety. The first block includes the following documents: legislative acts, fundamental standards of the Occupational Safety Standards System and an agreement on labor protection or a collective agreement. The second block contains reference materials on the regulation of harmful production factors from SSBT, SN, SNIP, regulatory material regulating the use of PPE, treatment and prevention measures, labor protection measures, the maintenance of buildings, structures and premises. The third block consists of all-Union and industry-specific rules and regulations governing the provision of labor safety requirements (PTE and PTB, RD, etc.). The fourth block contains indicators of fire and explosion safety used in the industry and regulations governing the prevention and protection of fire and explosion. An array of information and reference documentation for its importance. frequency of use and importance is divided into three groups: documents entered in full; documents from which extracts are cited; і 03 names of documents to which the link is given. The ISS array consists of a document description and a text. Its structure includes: keywords; sourse of information; Document Number; Title of the document; the text of the document. The original information is recorded on a magnetic disk for storage. If necessary, it can be partially corrected or completely replaced. Information search is carried out either by " keywords ", separate fragments. By" key "is called a word or phrase that carries the most essential information. The knowledge control system with training elements is designed to intensify the learning process and improve the quality of personnel training on labor protection issues. The system uses two training methods - one each a regulatory document or several, in this case it is necessary to determine: on which specific documents to carry out the preparation (control); what specific places (excerpts) to take from each document.This is done by expert means in accordance with the methods set forth in: 3.3 and 3.4, with This assesses the degree of mastering the material (score) and the quality of training (which topics have been learned and which have not). Regardless of the type of training, in accordance with the methods described in 3.3, 3.4 and 2.5, the following is calculated: a set of topics in the ticket; the equivalence of tickets in terms of complexity; questions in the ticket; a specific set of questions from a large volume of regulatory documents ent, covering the most significant parts of it; passing score, taking into account the contingent of trainees, intelligence, complexity and volume of tasks assigned to the trainee, determined by the work (position) performed by him. In accordance with Section 2, the following basic requirements are imposed on the knowledge control system with elements of training: simplicity in work (the possibility of it is used by a non-specialist in computer technology); the ability to promptly make changes in the content of control questions and documents on which there is a proxy; training; exclusion of the possibility of guessing the correct answers; the presence of an element of learning and the possibility of self-training; the possibility of obtaining a differentiated assessment of knowledge; “The ability to control knowledge without contact between the trainee and the trainer: accounting for the contingent, the intelligence of trainees, etc. The result of the work of the knowledge control system is a differentiated assessment of the level of training on the issues of labor protection of employees of the enterprise. The resulting assessment is used to make a decision to improve the quality of training of employees of the enterprise in the areas of labor protection. In addition, you can get information about the answers that were given to the checked questions to the questions posed, as well as the correct answers to the questions on the ticket. All information is displayed on the display screen. The input information required to solve the problem is formed in the course of the survey carried out. It is presented in the form of answers to the control questions set in "exam mode", from which tickets are made. i 05 Each ticket contains ten questions. Questions (except for sequence questions) can have one or more answers, if the answer is incorrect, a hint can be displayed. The algorithm of the problem forms an array of examination tickets on the basis of normative and technical documentation. Questions in the ticket are usually. paired. The purpose of the second question is to ensure dialogue by: dividing a complex issue into two simpler ones; from the simpler first part to lead to the correct answer to the second more difficult part of the question; at the expense of hints in the second part to give an opportunity to answer the question a second time. Each question is built according to one of the following principles: choosing one correct answer out of five; constructing an answer from several (two - three) answers out of five; constructing an answer by constructing five answers in a specific sequence. Each paired question is worth ten points. The number of b allsv for each of the two parts of the question is set depending on their complexity. The correct answer to the first type of question is evaluated by the established number of points. If the examinee answered the question of the second type partially, then he receives an incomplete number of points. For example, if a question contains three correct answers and B scores six points, then for the correct choice of one, two points are assigned, two four, and three - all six. In case of errors in the design of the answer to the third type of question, an incomplete number of points is also assigned.

Grigoriev, Anatoly Artamonovich

STP 12.0213.004-2005

COMPANY STANDARD

OSHMS. Administrative and public control (AOK) for labor protection, industrial and fire safety. Order of conduct

Approved
by order of the CEO
OJSC "Volga"
from 14.06.05 No. 198
The term of introduction - from 14.06.05

The standard applies to all structural divisions of the enterprise.

1. General Provisions

1.1. .Administrative and public control over labor protection, industrial and fire safety, along with operational control carried out by the head of work and other officials; control carried out by the service of labor protection, industrial and fire safety of the enterprise; control carried out by state supervision and control bodies is the main type of control carried out by the administration of the enterprise together with the trade union organization (represented by representatives of its elected bodies) over the state of working conditions and safety at workplaces, production sites, in workshops, as well as over compliance by all services, officials and employees of the requirements of labor legislation, labor protection legislation, labor safety standards, rules, norms, instructions and other regulations on labor protection, industrial and fire safety.

1.3. Administrative and public control does not replace or cancel other types of control (control carried out by officials in accordance with their official duties, as well as public control carried out by the trade union represented by its elected bodies and labor protection officials).

1.4. Administrative and public control is carried out at three levels (in three stages):

At the level of the site (shift, laboratory, warehouse) - the first step;

At the level of the shop (department, service) - the second stage;

At the enterprise level - the third step.

2. The first stage of administrative and public control

2.1. The first stage of control is carried out by the head of the relevant section (foreman, section manager, shift supervisor, etc.) and the occupational safety officer at this section.

2.2. The head of the site, together with the authorized person for labor protection, daily (every shift during shift work) at the beginning of work check the state of the workplaces at their site (the maintenance of passages, territories) serviceability of equipment, tools, devices; availability and serviceability of fences; operation of ventilation units and dust and gas collection devices; illumination of workplaces and aisles; availability and serviceability of primary fire extinguishing equipment; availability of the necessary instructions at the workplace and immediately take measures to eliminate the identified deficiencies.

If the deficiencies cannot be eliminated immediately by the workers of the site, measures are taken to prevent workers from accessing the hazardous area (if necessary, when there is a real threat to the safety of life and health of personnel, by stopping the faulty equipment) and reported to the management of the workshop.

The inspectors make appropriate entries about the results of the inspection in a special journal of administrative and public control over labor protection (the journals must be numbered and laced up).

2.3. During the work shift, the site manager and the labor protection officer monitor the observance of labor protection, industrial and fire safety instructions by employees; timely cleaning of production waste and finished products, avoiding clutter and cluttering of workplaces, walkways and driveways; availability and correct use of overalls, footwear and other personal protective equipment, safety and blocking devices.

2.4. If workers fail to comply with safe work practices or labor protection, industrial and fire safety requirements, the site manager suspends work and gives the offender an unscheduled briefing with an entry in the briefing log. The surname of the offender, the violations committed by him and the measures taken are recorded in the journal of administrative and public control.

2.5. The head of the shop (department) daily reviews the entries in the journal of administrative and public control, appoints persons responsible for the elimination of deficiencies noted in the journal, determines and monitors the time frame for their elimination, and takes action against the guilty persons.

3. The second stage of administrative and public control

3.1. The head of the shop (department) with the chairman of the trade union committee of the subdivision or the senior labor protection commissioner with the involvement of shop specialists (mechanic, power engineer, technologist, etc.) and the inspector of the State Fire Inspection (22-PCh), at least once a week, conduct a targeted inspection by the commission the state of labor protection, industrial and fire safety in the shop.

3.2. During the inspection, the commission monitors the serviceable maintenance and safe operation of production and auxiliary premises, structures, equipment, tools, inventory, transport and lifting equipment, pressure vessels, safety and locking devices; correct organization of work and workplaces; safe storage, transportation and use of poisonous, caustic and explosive substances; availability and serviceability of primary fire extinguishing equipment; timeliness and completeness of training and instructing employees on labor protection, industrial and fire safety; provision and use by employees of workwear, special footwear, the necessary means of individual and collective protection; sufficiency and proper operation of sanitary devices and drinking water supply, ventilation systems and dust-collecting devices.

3.3. When conducting the second stage of control, the effectiveness of the administrative and public control of the first stage is analyzed, the timeliness of eliminating the deficiencies identified during previous inspections is monitored and the attitude of the responsible officials of the shop (department) to the issues of labor protection, industrial and fire safety is assessed with the adoption, if necessary, of appropriate measures ...

4. The third stage of administrative and public control

4.1. The third stage of administrative and public control is carried out monthly in 4-6 divisions of the enterprise according to the schedule approved by the general director of OJSC "Volga" and agreed with the trade union committee of the enterprise.