Making a plumbing in a private house is a difficult and responsible job, but doable. By choosing the right materials and wiring diagram, you can do all the plumbing work with your own hands, without involving hired workers. But for beginners who do not have relevant experience, it is advisable to enlist the help of a professional.

How to start installing a water supply system?

The installation of any water supply system is based on the selected wiring diagram. Only after it has been drawn up, you can begin the selection of materials and proceed directly to the installation. Also, at the planning stage, it is decided how many draw-off points (or users) will be in the house. This will determine which system is preferred - collector or tee.

Which circuit is better - collector or tee?

The tee wiring diagram of water pipes implies their serial connection to a common riser. So, one pipe is connected to the pipes of cold and hot water. With the help of tees, additional pipes are diverted to individual users, and the pipe itself ends with the connection of the last draw-off point.

The advantages of this solution:

• ease of installation - no special knowledge is required when connecting additional elements;
• low cost - half as many pipes are used;
• compactness - tees are connected directly near the points of draw-off.

But there are also disadvantages - when all users are turned on at the same time, the pressure in the system drops greatly, and it is quite problematic to connect a new point (you will have to cut another tee).

The collector system of the water supply system is distinguished by the parallel connection of users, when a special splitter is connected to the pipes for removing cold and hot water from the riser - a collector. And already each draw-off point is connected to this collector.

Collector system advantages:

• convenience - all connection points are collected in one place;
• reliability - one pipe goes to each user, which minimizes the risk of leaks;
• pressure stability - the same pressure is supplied to each point in the manifold, so even the simultaneous activation of all taps will not lead to a loss of pressure.

The disadvantages include the high cost due to the increased consumption of materials and the need to allocate space for connecting the collectors.

The correct scheme is the key to success

In order not to have to redo half of the water supply system due to the fact that several key elements were forgotten during installation, it is very important to draw up a wiring diagram correctly. It should include all draw-off points, passages and valves. The diagram shows the diameters of the pipes, the location of the water heater and pump (if water comes from a well or well).

By solving all controversial issues at the planning stage, you can avoid annoying mistakes in the future. This will also allow you to calculate in advance the required pipe length and the number of all fittings and tees.

At the same time, it works effectively even when connected to centralized water supply... For example, if the water is turned off, there will still be 200 liters of water left in the storage tank, which is enough for domestic needs. And even in the event of a power outage, a tank located 4 m higher than the water consumers will provide a pressure of 0.4 atm., Which is quite enough for water to flow from the mixers by gravity.

The schema is pretty simple:

1. A storage tank is connected to the main water pipe. If the water comes from the central water supply pipes with a variable pressure, an additional pump will have to be installed at the inlet, which will provide constant water pressure.
2. To protect the pump from burnout in the absence of water, a dry-running sensor is installed, which cuts off the power.
3. If water comes from a well, only a pumping station is installed after the tank - to ensure a constant pressure at the points of water intake. It is advisable to choose stations with burnout protection already installed. Otherwise, it is also necessary to install a dry running sensor - to turn off the station when the tank runs out of water.
4. It is important to provide overflow protection in the storage tank - for example, a float switch.
5. The piping from the tank is often tee, since this option is chosen for houses with a maximum of 5 users (shower, washbasin, toilet, washing machine and sink in the kitchen).

Selection of pipes - their size material

For the water supply pipes are used from:

• copper is an ideal choice, but quite expensive;
• reinforced polypropylene (PP) - a special welding machine is required for installation (you can even rent it daily);
• steel - corrosion and the need for threading makes such pipes unpopular;
• metal-plastic - it has an excellent value for money, but it can withstand temperatures only up to 95 degrees (this must be taken into account when choosing a water heater and what outlet temperature it gives).

Copper pipes will “survive” even the foundation of a house, but if the budget is limited, you can opt for PP or metal-plastic. At the same time, only reinforced polypropylene is used for hot water - the central reinforcing layer is visible on the cut.

This is much more reliable than crimp fittings, which will have to be tightened annually, and still they will soon begin to leak.

For laying street water supply, you can use both PP pipes and HDPE. The former are used if an underground connection of pipe parts is necessary, while the latter are laid in a solid piece.

On the pipe itself there is always a marking (size, GOST) - pipes without inscriptions indicate their low quality.

• incoming water pipe - 32 mm;
• riser pipe - 25 mm;
• branch pipes from the riser - 20 mm;
• branch pipes to devices - 16 mm.

However, the connection diameter of the devices must be taken into account. So, often boilers have an inch pipe outlet (25 mm), this must be taken into account even at the stage of purchasing a boiler and accessories. In addition, instantaneous water heaters are sensitive to the pressure in the system, therefore, it is advisable to supply pipes of 20 mm to them.

Pump or pumping station?

If there is no central water supply and water has to be taken from a well or a well, each owner is faced with the question of choosing a pump. The pumping station can raise water to a height of no more than 9 m (the horizontal length of the pipes does not matter). Therefore, it is suitable for most wells or shallow wells. Its advantages are the presence of a hydraulic accumulator and a protective mechanism against burnout.

If the depth of the aquifer is below 9 meters, there is only one way out - a submersible pump. It provides a stable and strong water pressure, but you will have to independently install an automatic device that protects against burnout and a storage tank. The latter is optional, but increases the life of the pump.

Plumbing installation

The installation of the water supply system itself is not particularly difficult:

1. The layout of the laying of the future water supply system is made - on the walls, in the screed or under the ceiling.
2. Holes in the walls are channeled or the pipes are laid in the floor screed. In the latter case, the pipes should be no further than 15 cm from the wall and no closer than 20 cm from the future furniture.



3. It is much easier to carry out external wiring, where pipes are attached to the wall with special clips. It is important to remember that polypropylene pipes cannot be rigidly fixed - they must be provided with the possibility of expansion during temperature jumps.



4. Clips are placed at a distance of 1-2 m from each other. If you need to fix a pipe of large diameter or weight, clamps are used - for reliability.
5. With external routing, pipes through the walls and ceiling must pass in sleeves - covers made of non-combustible material, filled with a sealant (for example, mineral wool). This is done to reduce noise when passing water. The sleeve can be cut to the level of the walls and ceiling, but it should protrude 3 cm above the finished floor.



6. Special strips (sockets) for mixers are attached to the wall. Without a lot of construction experience, it will not work to "drown" them into the wall so that the outlet pipes are flush with the wall. Therefore, they can be left protruding - the decorative faucet caps will cover them.





7. The assembly of the pipeline can be carried out both "on the weight" and on the table, when the collected parts are simply placed in the holes made. As practice shows, the latter is possible only with a very well-developed wiring diagram. Otherwise, you will still have to fit the parts "in place".
8. Cutting pipes should be carried out with a special pipe cutter - you cannot cut them, the connection will be unreliable. In this case, polypropylene and metal-plastic pipes are cut with different tools.







9. If you need to lay a curved "route", metal-plastic pipes can be bent only with a radius that is not less than 5 outer diameters of the pipe. Otherwise, the life of the pipe cannot be predicted. Fittings are used for corner joints.

The principle of working with polypropylene pipes, their soldering and installation, are shown in detail in the video:

In houses built in the 60-70s, steel pipes are installed, the service life of which is 40-50 years. Most are already subject to replacement due to the expiration of the operational life.

• Resistance to corrosion, aggressive environments;
• High strength;
• Environmental friendliness;
• Smooth inner surface. This feature prevents the accumulation of dirt and grease, which increases the service life without the need for regular maintenance.

The replacement of water pipes in apartment buildings is carried out by utilities as a planned procedure. But most of the apartments have been privatized, pipeline sections up to the shut-off valve and risers are undergoing planned reconstruction. Inside the apartment the wiring is changed at the expense of the owner. Urgent replacement is required in the following cases:

• When the pipeline is worn out;
• When a leak appears;
• With a critical drop in pressure.

Water and sewerage pipes are installed inside apartments after dismantling the old pipeline. The process is laborious, requiring professionalism, accuracy and time-consuming. When doing it yourself, the following difficulties are encountered:

• When replacing water supply pipes, experience and the ability to use a special tool for installing systems from various materials are required;
• Replacement sewer pipes should be carried out carefully, since it is almost impossible to disconnect the connection with the riser, stamped with sulfur, without damaging the riser itself;
• Therefore, if you are not confident in your abilities, it is better not to take risks - experienced plumbers will do the work quickly and safely.

Sewerage installation - connection of separate sections of the pipeline with a seal in the form of rubber gaskets. Lining of sockets of drain pipes, connection of sinks, toilets, bathtubs;

Installation of a water supply system - open or hidden laying of a pipeline using a press tool, a soldering iron, scissors and a wall chaser.

Speaking about replacing water pipes, one cannot fail to note the need to install a metering device for water consumption. Installation of a water meter is carried out immediately after the filter and a reducer that stabilizes the pressure inside the pipeline.

If urgent replacement of sewer or water pipes is required, contact SantechService. Our specialists will carry out repairs promptly and provide a guarantee!

When building a new house or overhauling an existing one, there is a high probability that the old water supply system will need to be repaired or redone in a new way. In order to do this, you need, firstly, to have skills in working with plumbing, and, secondly, all the necessary tools and materials for work. General scheme plumbing in a private house looks like this:

General plumbing scheme in a private house

Plumbing device

As can be seen from the figure, the water supply system in a private house is not simple. Initially, water must be supplied using a submersible pump (1), after which it flows to a booster pump with a hydraulic accumulator and a pressure regulator (3), where its flow rate and pressure are equalized. There is an electrical cabinet (4) to control the submersible pump. Automation is installed there, which turns off the submersible pump by a signal from an electromagnometer installed on the pipe, or by a signal from a dry running sensor installed in the well. The installation of such a sensor is mandatory, since otherwise the submersible pump may break down, since it must constantly operate in a state immersed in water.

After equalizing pressure and flow, water is supplied to water treatment and water treatment. Through filters (5-10), water enters the water heater (11), where it becomes hot and from where it is distributed through the domestic water supply network. To obtain purified drinking water an additional filter (12) can be installed.

Reasons for replacing the old water supply

If you do not talk about laying a water supply system when building a new house, then there may be several reasons to replace the water supply system in a private house:

1. Water pipes are clogged and cannot provide Good work plumbing, they have to be constantly cleaned or be content with poor water quality.
2. New water points are added, such as whirlpools, which require good water flow and pressure. In order to ensure these conditions, both partial and complete modernization of the water supply network of a private house is possible.
3. Central water supply does not provide water in the required quantity and proper quality, not only in terms of flow rate and pressure, but also in terms of physical and chemical properties. In this case, several ways of solving the problem are possible: from installing water treatment systems and a booster pump to arranging a well near the house.
4. Modernization of the old water supply system with the replacement of outdated equipment and pipes with new, more reliable and functional ones.

Before you redo something, you need to decide on which way of alteration you have to go further. To do this, it is best to describe the advantages and disadvantages of the existing water supply system and think over the most optimal paths their elimination, as a result, it will be possible to roughly calculate how much it costs to bring water into the house.

Water supply system

The water supply system of a private house consists of the following basic elements:

Input source

To supply water to the house, you can use several options:

1. Supply from the central water supply system. This option has both advantages and disadvantages:

Advantages:

• Large investments are not required for the device of such expensive equipment as a well.
• Possible water supply in the absence of electricity in the network.

Disadvantages:

• The cost of water is more expensive than if you bring water into the house from a well.
• The water is not of the same quality and volume as needed.
• Non-autonomy, that is, it is possible to supply water intermittently.

1. Water from our own water source. A well, well or pond can be considered as such a water source.

Advantages:

• Autonomy. The water supply depends only on the mains voltage.
• Water of the correct quality and quantity.
• The cost of 1m³ is cheaper than from the central water supply
• In most cases, no additional water treatment and water purification is required.

Disadvantages:

• The high cost of work on the arrangement of a well or well.
• Dependence of water supply from the well from an external source of electricity.

Before drilling a well, you must first make a hydrogeological exploration of the territory. To do this, it is best to contact an organization that specializes in this.

Water supply system

Depending on the selected input, it can be either a conventional pump with a hydraulic accumulator, or a submersible pump from a well. If the water supply from the water supply network is stable, then you can do without a pump.

Filtration system

For preliminary water treatment and water purification, you can use various filtering installations. There are several types of filters:

• Mechanical - designed for water purification from various impurities: rust from pipes, sand from a well, for example. They come in different designs: mesh, disc, sand and gravel.

For domestic water supply, strainers and filters with a replaceable cartridge are mainly used. They are easy to maintain and relatively inexpensive. It should be borne in mind that they need periodic cleaning, there are also models with an automatic self-cleaning system, but they are much more expensive. A mechanical coarse filter with a replaceable cartridge is shown in the figure below.

Mechanical coarse filter

As you can see from the figure, the filter design consists mainly of a housing and a replaceable cartridge inside. If the cartridge is heavily clogged, it must be replaced with a new one. As for mesh or disc filters, the cartridges do not change there, but are simply rinsed with running water. In such filters, a special tap is provided for this. If there is no such tap, then if the filter becomes clogged, it must be disassembled and rinsed with running water. To determine the clogging of the filter, two pressure gauges are installed on it: at the outlet and at the inlet. If the difference in the readings of these manometers is more than 1 atm., The filter must be cleaned.

• Filters with catalyst. In such filters, there is a special catalyst that draws toxic salts onto itself, depending on the type of catalyst.
• Disinfection filters. In such filters, water is disinfected from various bacteria using a special lamp.
• Reverse osmosis filter. In this filter, water passes through a special membrane that allows only water molecules to pass through, without molecules of other impurities. Such water purification is considered one of the best, but the installation itself and its maintenance are not cheap pleasure.

Reverse osmosis filter

The figure shows that the filter consists of several stages of cleaning, gradually bringing the water quality to the desired state. After such purification, water is freed from all harmful impurities and salts. In order to use such water, a special tap is installed in the kitchen, from which water is taken only for drinking and cooking.

In order to decide which filtration system to use, you must first make a physicochemical and bacterial analysis of the water. This can be done in a special organization. They can also give recommendations on the choice of filters to improve the quality of water.

Water heating system

To heat water, you can use various devices that work both on gas and on electricity or solid fuel. You can also heat the water with solar water heaters.

To supply water for heating, as well as for the needs of the bathroom, the water can be not filtered or filtered only through a coarse filter. This must be remembered and not to use such water for drinking and cooking.

Plumbing

To distribute water to water consumption points, two wiring schemes are used: serial (tee) and parallel or collector.

Consistent

Advantages:

• the system is simpler and requires fewer pipes to install;
• pipes do not clog up so much, because there are fewer corners, transitions;
• less water pressure is required for operation than for another system.

Disadvantages:

• worse water distribution to consumers. If, for example, someone is washing in the shower, and someone turns on cold water in the kitchen, then the one in the shower has a chance to get a portion of very hot water;
• there is a big difference in pressure between the initial and final points of water consumption, and the greater the distance between them, the greater it is.

Sequential water consumption scheme

As you can see in the diagram, water is supplied to consumers with the help of taps - tees, therefore such a scheme is also called tee. At the same time, water consumers find themselves in an unequal position, since the greatest pressure will be at the very beginning, and the smallest - at the end.

Parallel

An undeniable advantage is the best water distribution at all points: at any point of water distribution, the pressure and flow rate are the same.

Disadvantages:

• more pipes for laying such a water distribution scheme. In this case, not only the installation of such a water supply system becomes more complicated, but also the material costs for its device increase;
• installation of such a pipeline is possible mainly only when laying a new water supply system, since it requires a large number of hidden installation work.

Collector circuit of water consumption

As can be seen from the figure, with this scheme of the water supply network, the distribution of water through the pipes occurs using special devices - collectors connected to the pipes of hot and cold water... At the same time, all water consumers find themselves in equal conditions, receiving the same pressure and water consumption.

If the house has a large branched water supply network, then you can combine two types of pipe routing. In this case, you can combine all the advantages of the two water supply schemes and remove all the disadvantages.

Types of pipes

In order to conduct a water supply in a private house, there are many types of pipes. Moreover, each type of pipe has its own advantages and disadvantages:

• Metal pipes, the main advantage of such pipes is the ability to withstand high pressure, but at the same time they rust, as a result of which a sediment forms on the walls, in which the nominal passage in the pipe narrows. When installing pipes, either welding or a laborious threaded connection is required.
• Reinforced-plastic pipes - aluminum pipes covered with plastic inside and out. The advantage of such pipes is that they do not rust and are not very laborious to install, and the disadvantages are that the connecting parts for such pipes are relatively expensive.
• Polypropylene - These pipes consist of polypropylene with an inner metal or fiberglass sheath. The advantage of such a pipeline is the relative cheapness of the gasket, and the disadvantage is the need to purchase a special soldering iron for installing pipes.

Soldering polypropylene pipes

As you can see from the figure, the pipe and the fittings are heated at the same time and then connected together. Also, for greater convenience, when mounting on a soldering iron, three nozzles of different diameters are installed at once.

When soldering polypropylene pipes care must be taken not to narrow the cross-section of the pipeline. This can happen if the pipe is overheated.

• Polyethylene - such pipes are easy to install and do not rust, but at the same time they cannot withstand high pressure and are not suitable for passing hot water.

• PVC pipes, the main advantage of such pipes is their low cost. However, they do not withstand high pressure and are not suitable for hot water.

Diy plumbing device

In order to make a water supply system with your own hands, you must first decide on its scheme: what it will be, what is needed for its arrangement. In this case, all conditions are taken into account. If, for example, central system water supply provides water of the proper quality and in the right amount, then there is no point in spending extra money on drilling a well or digging a well. This will determine how much it will cost to conduct water into the house. If the water analysis is positive, then you do not need to spend money on a water treatment and water purification device.

When all the conditions for arranging the water supply have been previously taken into account, you can start work. To do this, you need to sketch a small water supply project: on the layout of the rooms of the house, the points of water consumption and water intake are marked. Then they connect these points with lines - pipes. Determine the places for installation on the path of pipes of additional equipment: filters, water storage tanks, devices for regulating the pressure in the network, water heaters. Based on the design results, a list of all the necessary equipment is made: pipes and fittings. After acquiring everything you need, you can start the installation itself.

When arranging a water supply system, installation is divided into two stages. At the first stage, the water supply itself is mounted and bends are made to the points of water consumption. After that, you need to carry out work to prepare for the second stage - the installation of equipment. For example, to glue the tiles in the bathroom or make a floor screed for a pumping station.

When installing the pipeline, all threaded connections should not be located in hard-to-reach places, or even more so hidden under plaster or tiles. Sooner or later, water may begin to dig in there, and it will be impossible to eliminate the leak without disturbing the plaster.

After all the work has been done, you can start installing the equipment. After everything is installed, you can test the water supply. To do this, the system is supplied with a pressure slightly higher than that at which it will operate. This can be done by turning the pressure regulator or relay at the pumping station. In this case, you must then remember to return it to its original state. If there is no plunger in the system, you need to open the taps and bleed the air from the pipes. If leaks are found in the pipeline, they must be repaired immediately. Then, during operation, a re-inspection is carried out, if there are no leaks, then everything is done correctly, and you can use water from a do-it-yourself water supply system.

In contact with

If you need to repair the plumbing in a private house, refer to the Yuda website. You can always find here a team of professionals who repair new and old pipes in Moscow and the Moscow region, as well as country houses and at the dachas. You have the opportunity to order a turnkey service option, which includes outdoor work on the street and replacement of water pipes inside the house.

When is it worth contacting professionals?

If you notice malfunctions in the water supply network, you do not need to wait for the occurrence emergency... Use the services of qualified craftsmen who are ready to provide assistance in cases of:

• the occurrence of damage in sections of the pipeline system
• pipe leaks
• blockages in water pipes

Specialists will be able to eliminate any defects associated with the operation of the street water supply system, as well as the sewerage system. You can entrust trenchless repair work to professionals.

Experts carry out capital works... This involves cutting an old sewer system apart and pressing it into the ground. After that, a new sewerage system is being laid on the site of the former trench. Such work is carried out in cottages, dachas, in country houses in Moscow and the Moscow region.

Features of elimination of leaks

If you are faced with a problem in the operation of external water pipes that do not belong to centralized supply lines, then you should urgently order a water supply diagnostics. Experts will come and carry out an analysis, after finding the cause of the breakdown, the water supply system in a private house will be repaired.

On the street, soil will be removed from a certain section of the trench to detect leaks and other breakdowns. Then, without fail, our masters shut off the pumping station. In the event of a leak (one of the most common breakdowns), the emergency team will cut out the damaged area to replace it.

Repair of the water supply section is carried out using special tools and materials: hacksaws for metal, grinders, compression couplings, clamps. In order for the further supply of hot and cold water to be carried out without interruptions, the craftsmen select a suitable piece of pipe in size, which is mounted in the damaged water supply network. The final stage is carrying out electric welding works.

Repair work is performed not only outside, but also inside. Repairing autonomous household water pipes often means replacing all damaged areas. the use of special tires is only a temporary solution to the problem.

You can order a major overhaul of the internal water supply. Performing it, the masters carry out the elimination of leaks in all damaged areas. When ordering turnkey plumbing works, the price will be quite affordable.

If you need emergency repair of a water supply system in a private house, then professionals will take all the necessary urgent measures. At home, performing work means:

• shutdown of cold and hot water
• applying iron putty
• use of cement fabric tires
• the use of lead or wood plugs

Plumbing repair services in a private house also include the gluing of special fiberglass, which is impregnated with epoxy resin. This is an effective protection of your water supply system in a cottage, a house, which is provided by favorable price... The work takes a minimum of time and includes cleaning the damaged area of ​​the water supply and applying fiberglass in several turns.

Professional fees

If you want to know how much it costs to fix water supply breakdowns in private cottages, discuss this issue personally with the contractor Yuda. Experts first diagnose the operation of water pipes in houses, after which they report the price of their services.

In the event of a water supply breakdown in a private house, it is better to use help directly, without the involvement of intermediaries. When performing work, the Yuda performers take into account the peculiarities of the functioning of the water supply system in private suburban houses (a large number of water intake points, the presence of a collector, etc.).

By entrusting the restoration of your private water supply to the professionals, you can be sure of the quality of the work. The repair of the water supply system in a private house will be carried out in compliance with all safety rules.