Arrangement of a water supply and sewerage system in a private house is a question, though hackneyed, but relevant for the majority. Having got used to the benefits of civilization, we can no longer imagine a full life without them. Comfortable living in a private house is now completely tied to the water supply and sewerage system. At the same time, carrying water in buckets constantly is hard and exhausting work. What can we say about trying to take a bath in such Spartan conditions! But, fortunately, now it is easy to solve the problem with the supply of water to the house - just install a pump. And the choice, installation and connection of a surface pump are discussed in detail in this material.

Why is it needed?

The name of the surface pump speaks for itself - this device does not require immersion in water to function properly. It is installed "on land", and the liquid is fed into the pipes using a flexible hose that goes from the pump to the water. It should also be installed. Thanks to easy access to the device, the surface pump is easy to maintain, which attracts owners of private houses.

On a note! Such installations are rather weak and cannot raise water from a great depth. The maximum is only about 10 m. If the well is deeper in the area, then a more powerful pump will have to be bought - for example, a submersible.

A surface pump, in addition to supplying water to a cottage, can also be used for watering a garden plot or pumping out water from a basement, which is important for areas with frequent flooding in the spring.

A conventional surface pump works like this: at the end of the suction conduit, which is not immersed in water, a vacuum is created, and the liquid begins to rise through the hose due to the difference in pressure indicators at both ends. Interestingly, at the suction site, this figure is 760 mm Hg. Art. with a full vacuum and replacing mercury with water, we get a height of 10.3 m. So it turns out that with a full vacuum, the liquid can rise only by this value. You should also take into account the presence of certain losses during friction against the walls of the conduit - thus, we get a distance of only about 9 m.As a result, the real working height of the surface pump is very small - about 8-9 m.

When choosing a pump, it is also important to take into account the distance from the well to the pump itself, as well as the position of the water conduit. That is, it is worth remembering that 4 m of the horizontal part of the hose will be equivalent to 1 m of water rise.

The surface pump works as follows.

1. or a hydraulic accumulator connected to the pump, due to the design, will be filled with water to a certain level.
2. The pump automatics will turn it off after the water reaches a certain level. The water supply will stop.
3. When the water from the tank is used up, the pump will automatically turn on again and re-fill the accumulator completely, after which it will stop.

If you need to pump water from a shallow well or a nearby reservoir, then purchasing a surface pump will be the best option for organizing an autonomous water supply to the house. Moreover, such a device is installed very simply and does not need special conditions exploitation.

Advantages and disadvantages

What else are surface pumps good for? The advantages of these devices are as follows.

1. Small dimensions - such a pump can be installed almost anywhere, it will not interfere with anyone, does not require the creation of a massive foundation.
2. Cheapness - you can buy such a pump for little money.
3. The period of uninterrupted operation is about 5 years - this is a decent runtime for such a device. If you handle the unit with care, it will last longer.
4. The payback of the equipment is fast - a maximum of two years.
5. Installation of such a pump is simple and quick. The only difficulty is the need to securely attach cables and hoses to it.
6. The device is economical - it does not consume a lot of electricity.
7. If necessary, shutdown occurs automatically - there is no need to guard the operating device.
8. In repair, as well as in operation, the surface pump is very simple and cheap. And it's convenient - you don't even need to get the hose out of the water.
9. Safety is another advantage of the installation. The electrical cable in the device does not come into contact with water.

But the pump installed on the surface has its drawbacks, which should be known in order to assess the necessity of purchasing this equipment and the justification of the money costs.

1. Low power - such a device can only raise water from a depth of no more than 8-10 m.
2. It is imperative to install filters.
3. Before starting the pump, it must first be filled with water.
4. The equipment creates a lot of noise, therefore it is not recommended to install it in the residential area of ​​the house.
5. The surface pump can only be used in a warm room.

As we can see, the equipment has more advantages than disadvantages. The main thing is that the minuses are not the determining factors, and then you can safely buy this equipment.

Centrifugal surface pump "Aquarius BTs-1,2-1,8U1.1"

Types of surface pumps

Surface pumps are of three types - centrifugal, ejector and vortex. They differ from each other in terms of design and performance.

Table. Types of surface pumps.

Type of equipment	Characteristic
	Inside the body of such a pump there is a special axis, on which the so-called impeller is fixed, on which the blades are located. It is they who will transfer the energy of motion to the water during the rotation of the main axis. They are small in size and inexpensive. Their suction depth is small, therefore, they are often used not for pumping water into a hydraulic accumulator, but for adjusting pressure indicators in the water supply system, irrigation, pumping water from the basement during spring floods. The efficiency is only about 45%. Not recommended for use as a hydraulic accumulator filling pump.
	Such a pump is also called self-priming and has special wheels inside that, during the operation of the device, create the necessary pressure. They rotate due to the working shaft supported by bearings. The power is higher than that of a vortex pump, and therefore it can pump water from a greater depth and can be used to organize a water supply system for a residential building. This is a more expensive, but at the same time reliable and sturdy type of device with an efficiency of up to 92%. It can be used to create a pumping station in the house.
	Such a pump consists of two circulation circuits: in one of them, the liquid is supplied to the ejector, where a pressure difference is formed due to the Bernoulli effect, and water comes from the second circuit. This design allows the pump to be lowered to a depth, which will solve the problem with a low suction lift. But in recent times such installations are not in demand, as there are more efficient submersible pumps.

Based on the above, it can be noted that it is best to purchase a centrifugal pump. This is the best option. Let's take a closer look at its device: a pair of discs are installed on the gear shaft inside the mechanism. One of them has a small hole connected to the free space between these parts. In this interval there are plates inclined at a certain angle - they create special channels from the center of the free space to the edge. These "passages" are connected to a diffuser, which, in turn, is connected to a supply conduit. And the suction hose connects to the disc hole.

The disc space and the suction hose are filled with water, then the gearbox starts up, and the vanes begin to rotate and push the water out. This process takes place due to centrifugal force. As a result, a rarefied space is created in the center, while at the edges and in the diffuser, on the contrary, the pressure rises. To equalize this "skew", the system will seek to equalize the indicators and will start pumping water. This is how this setup works.

Attention! Such pumps are usually not used independently - they are included in the design of the pumping station. This system includes a control unit and a hydraulic accumulator.

To make the pump serve as long as possible, create. The installation pumps water as needed into the storage tank. This allows you to significantly save equipment resources, since the pump will turn on only as the accumulator is empty. In addition, frequent switching on of the pumping unit entails high energy consumption. And thanks to the arrangement of the pumping station, it is possible to save resources, money and provide the house with a certain supply of water.

A hydraulic accumulator, as part of a pumping unit, is a volumetric tank with a membrane or a bulb inside, around which there is a certain level pressure. That is, the water entering this container is under pressure. The design of the pumping station also includes a pressure switch, which will just make the equipment start and stop on time. And the pressure gauge installed in the system will help keep track of the pressure level. It connects all the details into a single organism "five-outlet" - a special fitting with five outlets.

Pump station with built-in ejector

Pumping station prices

pumping station

How to choose?

How to choose a surface pump? To begin with, you should get acquainted with certain criteria, knowing and evaluating which, it will not be difficult to make a choice.

1. Installation performance. For watering a garden, a model with an indicator equal to 1 m 3 / hour is sufficient, but for the water supply system of a house, certain calculations will have to be made taking into account the number of people living in it and the number of water consumption points (taps, washing machines, etc.). If 4 people live in the house, then the pump must have a capacity of at least 3 m 3 / hour.
2. . The length of the hoses, their position (vertical, horizontal), the depth of the well or well are taken into account.

   

3. The pressure of the water itself extreme point water consumption furthest from the pump must also be taken into account. It must be sufficient for normal operation. The head is usually indicated in the documents for the equipment and is measured in meters, bars. You can determine the indicator by calculating the entire distance that the water will have to travel. Every 10 m, the head decreases by 1 m.
4. Mains voltage... This is also an important indicator that affects the performance of the pump. If the voltage in the network drops, then the pump will not be able to operate at full capacity, which means it will not provide the house the required amount water.

It is worth remembering that to organize an autonomous water supply system at home, you should buy a pump that is more powerful than for simple watering of the greenhouse. Therefore, it is important to clearly know for what purpose the equipment is being purchased.

You may be interested in information about what you need

To choose the best pump for water intake, the owners of summer cottages have to take into account many factors. Agree, you don't want to find yourself in a situation where, after purchasing expensive equipment, it turns out that its performance is not enough.

We will help you resolve this issue. We will tell you by what criteria we select surface pumps for summer cottages. Here you will find out how the pumping unit is connected, what equipment is required if you decide to automate the pumping of water from a well or well.

The article presented for review describes in detail the design features of surface pumps and the specifics of operation. The material is accompanied by thematic photos and videos that will help you do everything right.

Surface pumps, as the name implies, are installed on the surface. They are relatively inexpensive and quite reliable devices, although they are not suitable for very deep wells.

How is the pumping station arranged?

To organize an autonomous or well, it is worth purchasing additional elements and combining them into a full-fledged pumping station. In addition to the pump, you will need a hydraulic tank, as well as a pressure switch. This relay turns on and off the pump, depending on whether the hydraulic tank is empty or full.

As a result, a certain supply of water will always be available in the house, and the idle operation of the pump is completely excluded. This significantly extends the resource of its work. In addition, it compensates for possible water hammer, which has a positive effect on the condition of the water supply system as a whole.

Additionally, it is recommended to also purchase a pressure gauge (if the hydraulic tank is not equipped with one). Of course, you can purchase a pumping station complete with all the necessary components. The procedure for installing a station of industrial production and assembled independently is not too different.

Surface pumps are often used as part of a pumping station together with a hydraulic accumulator and a pressure switch, which automatizes the operation of this complex of devices.

A hydraulic accumulator or hydraulic tank is a container equipped with a special rubber membrane. As the tank fills, this membrane stretches, and when it is empty, it contracts. Such a device is considered highly efficient for.

Storage tank system

As an alternative to the accumulator, you can consider a conventional tank, for example, made of plastic. It can be of any suitable container that will meet the family's water needs. Typically, such a storage tank is installed as high as possible to ensure sufficient water pressure in the plumbing system of the house.

It should be borne in mind that the load on the walls and floors will increase. For calculations, one should remember not only about the weight of the accumulated liquid (the weight of water in a 200 liter tank will, of course, be 200 kg).

The weight of the tank itself must also be taken into account. The total weight is related to the load-bearing capacity of the house. When in doubt, it is best to seek the advice of an experienced engineer.

Image gallery

To automate the pump with a homemade storage tank, you can use a float sensor. This is a relatively simple device, many craftsmen make it themselves. A float is installed in the tank, with the help of which information about the water level is sent to the automatic switch.

When the amount of water in the tank reaches the minimum level, the pump turns on and runs until the tank is full. The pump then switches off automatically. The storage tank is considered an economical option for water supply at home, since the cost of such a complex of devices is lower than that of an industrial pumping station.

A surface pump in the country can be used for various purposes, for example, to fill a storage tank with water, for irrigation, etc.

Where is the best place to install the pump?

The most important point when installing a surface pump or pumping station is choosing a suitable place.

Here are a few requirements to help you find a suitable location for your pumping equipment:

• the closer the device is to the source of water, the more stable its intake will be;
• the device (or a set of devices) should be sheltered from bad weather in a special room, headroom, bunker, etc.
• it is necessary to protect the pump from freezing during winter cold;
• the place where the equipment is installed must be ventilated to avoid increased level moisture causing corrosive processes;
• you should take care of sufficient space not only for placing the pump or the entire station, but also for carrying out the necessary maintenance, adjustment, repair, etc.;
• the place should either be removed from living quarters, or additionally isolated from noise, since surface pumping equipment works quite loudly.

It is not always possible to comply with all these conditions, but this should be done with all our might. A surface pump is usually installed as close to the water source as possible.

Due to the insignificant suction depth, an average of 8 - 10 m, submersible pumps are recommended to be installed at the shortest distance from the water source

To protect the device from external factors, it can be placed in places such as:

• special wooden box;
• well-equipped borehole head;
• a cavity dug in the ground;
• inside a spacious well;
• boiler room located next to a water source, etc.

Of course, each site is individual, the decision must be made depending on the situation. The pump is deepened into the ground if it is necessary to protect the device from frost, but there are no other options. We'll have to dig a fairly spacious and deep hole, it should be below the level of freezing of the soil.

Of course, if the dacha is used only in the warm season, the requirements for installing the pump may not be so severe. The freezing problem is automatically eliminated.

But the pump should still be safely hidden from precipitation. When preserving the summer cottage for the winter, of course, the surface pump must be removed, cleaned and stored in suitable conditions.

If you decide to install a surface pump or pumping station in the basement, you should make sure that it does not freeze during frost.

If the water source is a well made of concrete rings large enough in diameter, you can place the pump directly in it. In this case, you don't need to dig anything; you need a small, sturdy raft that can support the weight of the pump. The raft is lowered directly onto the surface of the water mirror, and a pump is fixed on top of it.

The advantage of this solution is that the immersion depth of the hose will be slightly increased, i.e. the fence will be made from a greater depth. But you should also take into account possible problems.

To service and repair the equipment, it will have to be removed to the surface. The risk of contact of the appliance with water increases. But in general, this option is quite acceptable.

If it is necessary to install a surface pump as part of a pumping station, the requirements for choosing a suitable location will be approximately the same. Although it should be remembered that the dimensions of the whole complex of devices are somewhat larger than that of a conventional pump. Most often, the station is installed in an equipped one near the mouth.

The boiler room is considered a convenient place for installing a surface pump: usually good sound and heat insulation is already arranged in this room.

The ideal place is considered to be a boiler room, already equipped for work. heating equipment... Pumping stations are also installed in the basement of a residential building, but such a room will have to be carefully prepared: insulate and provide heating to prevent water from freezing, etc.

You can put the station inside the well, but this will cause an additional problem. To adjust, the equipment will have to be removed to the surface. The values ​​obtained when the pump is operating on the surface may change when it is lowered down. This makes it difficult to adjust the pressure switch.

Pump connection procedure

Although it is believed that installing surface pumps is less hassle than installing, it is still not worth taking this matter lightly. A number of important points taken into account when installing the pump will help to improve its efficiency and prevent possible damage.

The nuances of installing a surface-type pumping station Jileks Jumbo 70/50. Such equipment should be located in heated or insulated non-residential boxes.

Step 1. Preparation of materials and tools

To connect, you first need to stock up on the appropriate materials.

Here is a sample list of required items:

• a connecting nipple that is installed between the pump and the hose;
• hose for taking water from the source;
• hose or pipes for connecting the pump to the storage tank;
• irrigation hose;
• check valve with mesh filter;
• special adapter for the second output;
• connecting fittings;
• fasteners, etc.

If a system with a hydraulic accumulator is being installed, a pressure switch and a pressure gauge will also be needed. If it is decided to use only the storage tank, a float sensor should be purchased or made.

From the tool, you may need a variety of keys, as well as accessories for working with fasteners. A tape measure, a building level, materials for insulating threaded connections, a soldering iron for polypropylene water pipes, etc. will come in handy.

Step # 2. Installing the device on the base

Before connecting any elements to the pump, you need to install it on a solid and level base. This is an important point.

Even slight instability or tilt can cause a significant decrease in instrument performance. The base can be made of concrete, brick or even solid wood.

To install a surface pump, you first need to find a solid and level base. It can be made of brick, wood, concrete, or, as in this case, use metal brackets.

The main thing is that it is strong and even. Anchor bolts are usually used to secure the pump in a stable position.

Special holes are provided for fasteners in the device case. Sometimes a large rubber gasket is mounted under the pump housing. It acts as a shock absorber and dampens vibration when the engine is running.

Step # 3. Installing the supply hose

After that, install the supply hose. Attached to its lower part, on which a mesh filter is put on. A coupling with an external threaded connection is used as an attachment.

Pumps equipped with a check valve and a coarse filter are manufactured in industrial plants. In order not to bother with this part of the installation of the system, you can buy such a ready-made hose.

But, according to the reviews of experienced craftsmen, the independent manufacture of a hose with a valve will be much cheaper. If the technology for installing all the elements is followed, such a device will be no less reliable than an industrial production model. Sometimes two check valves are mounted: one at the end of the hose, the other next to the accumulator.

The upper part of the hose is connected to the pump using a fitting. A 32 mm polypropylene water pipe can be used instead of a hose. After that, the hose is lowered into the water so that the check valve is immersed in it at least 30 cm.

To connect a check valve to a system with a surface pump, you must use special fittings and adapters, for example, such as shown in the photo (+)

The non-return valve, as well as the filter protecting it, are essential elements. The valve protects the pump from idling, as it prevents water from flowing back after the pump is turned off. A filter is required to protect the device from contamination.

Step # 4. Connection to the water supply system

Then the pump is connected to a hydraulic accumulator or storage tank. Remember that the horizontal part of the hose must have a slight slope. Often, a flexible supply to the tank and an adapter, as well as other system elements, are mounted on threaded connections. In this case, care must be taken to properly seal with FUM tape or other suitable seals.

After that, the storage tank or station is connected to. When laying pipes, you should also remember the correct slope. An important point is the insulation of pipes laid in the ground. Today there is a wide selection of suitable heaters, it remains only to choose and use the right one.

To install the part of the water supply system that connects to the pumping station, you will need a set of fittings, PVC pipes, as well as a special device for soldering these pipes

Only after all devices are assembled into a common line and connected to the inside of the house water supply system can the operation of the system be tested.

An incorrect start of the surface pump can lead to its early breakdown. The details of this process are set out in the manufacturer's instructions, which should be read carefully.

Step # 5. Checking system operation

Usually, surface pumps are filled with water through a special hole before starting. Water must fill not only the pump, but also the parts of the line before and after the pump. Then the filler hole should be closed. It is recommended to immediately record the pressure readings in the accumulator and in the system.

Before installation, the surface pump must be filled with water through a special filling hole. Do not turn on such a pump in dry running mode.

This information can be useful when further configuring the system. Perhaps you need to pump up some air into the hydraulic tank or bleed it.

After that, the pump is connected to the mains and turned on so that the storage tank or hydraulic accumulator is filled with water. Immediately check all connections for leaks and repair if necessary.

If a homemade tank is used, it does not hurt to check its integrity. Water may seep through previously unnoticed cracks. This problem should also be resolved immediately. If the system is assembled correctly, and nothing flows anywhere, all that remains is to configure the control equipment.

After that, you need to check the operation of the automatic systems. To do this, you need to open the water and observe the process. When the tank is empty, the pump should turn on in automatic mode and turn off again when the tank is filled to the set level.

Typically, the pump automatically shuts off when the system pressure approaches three atmospheres. After that, the water is drained until the pump starts working again.

At this point, you should fix the real and compare it with the manufacturer's recommendations. If significant differences are found, it is necessary to adjust the operation of all devices to an acceptable level. After configuration, the check is performed again.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Details on how to properly connect a surface pump as part of a pumping station are set out in the following video:

The procedure for connecting a surface irrigation pump is clearly presented here:

There are not so many pitfalls in the installation of a surface pump. Of course, you should not rely on your own instinct or the famous "maybe".

A careful study of the manufacturer's instructions, as well as a few small consultations with experienced craftsmen, will help even a beginner to cope with this task quite satisfactorily.

Would you like to tell how you use a surface pump in the country or have a water supply system installed at its base? Do you have any rationalization suggestions or tricky questions? Please write your comments in the block below.

Pumps are used to supply water to a house or water a vegetable garden. There they are different types and designs, and each of them finds its own field of application. If you need an inexpensive and reliable device for pumping water from a well, a well or some kind of container, pay attention to a self-priming pump. These are relatively inexpensive devices that are installed on the surface, they can pump water from a fairly decent depth - 8-9 m. If necessary, the models are supplemented with ejectors, then the suction depth increases to 20-35 m.

Self-priming pumps: device and types

Self-priming pumps pump water from a depth of 8-9 meters, while they themselves are on the surface. The water rises due to the fact that in the central part of the body, due to the movement of the wheels with blades, a low pressure area is created. In an effort to fill it, the water rises. So it turns out that the pump sucks in water.

Like any other pump, a self-priming pump consists of a motor and a working chamber in which the delivery mechanism is located. The pump and motor shafts are connected through a coupling, the connection reliability and tightness is determined by the type of seal. There are two types of seals:

• stuffing box - cheaper and less reliable;
• face seal - more reliable, but expensive.

There are models of self-priming pumps with magnetic couplings. They do not require seals, since they do not have through connections. This is by far the most reliable design, but also the most expensive one too.

Structure and principle of operation

According to the mode of action, a self-priming pump can be vortex and centrifugal. In both, the impeller is the key link, only it has a different structure and is installed in a housing of a different shape. This changes the principle of work.

Centrifugal

Self-priming centrifugal pumps have an interesting structure of the working chamber - in the form of a snail. Impellers are fixed in the center of the body. The wheel can be one, then the pump is called single-stage, there can be several - multi-stage design. Single-stage ones always work at the same power, multi-stage ones can change the capacity depending on the conditions, respectively, they are more economical (less power consumption).

The main working element in this design is a wheel with blades. The blades are bent in the opposite direction to the movement of the wheel. When moving, they seem to push the water, squeezing it to the walls of the case. This phenomenon is called centrifugal force, and the area between the blades and the wall is called the "diffuser". So, the impeller moves, creating an area of ​​increased pressure on the periphery and pushing the water towards the outlet.

At the same time, a low pressure zone forms in the center of the impeller. Water is sucked into it from the supply pipeline (suction line). In the picture above, incoming water is indicated by yellow arrows. Further, it is pushed by the impeller to the walls and, due to the centrifugal force, rises upward. This process is constant and endless, repeating as long as the shaft is spinning.

There is a drawback associated with the principle of operation of centrifugal pumps: the impeller cannot create centrifugal force from the air, therefore, the casing is filled with water before operation. Since the pumps often operate in an intermittent mode, so that water does not flow out of the housing when stopped, a check valve is installed on the suction pipe. These are the features of the operation of self-priming centrifugal pumps. If the check valve (it must be mandatory) on the supply pipeline is at the bottom, the entire pipeline has to be filled, and this will require more than one liter.

Name	Power	Pressure	Maximum suction depth	Performance	Body material	Connecting dimensions	Price
Caliber NBTs-380	380 watts	25 m	9 m	28 l / min	cast iron	1 inch	32$
Metabo P 3300 G	900 watts	45 m	8 m	55 l / min	cast iron (drive shaft made of of stainless steel)	1 inch	87$
ZUBR ZNS-600	600 watts	35 m	8 m	50 l / min	plastic	1 inch	71$
Elitech HC 400V	400W	35 m	8 m	40 l / min	cast iron	25 mm	42$
PATRIOT QB70	750 watts	65 m	8 m	60 l / min	plastic	1 inch	58$
Jileks Jumbo 70/50 H 3700	1100 Wt	50 m	9 m (built-in ejector)	70 l / min	cast iron	1 inch	122$
BELAMOS XI 13	1200 watts	50 m	8 m	65 l / min	stainless steel	1 inch	125$
BELAMOS XA 06	600 watts	33 m	8 m	47 l / min	cast iron	1 inch	75$

Vortex

The vortex self-priming pump differs in the structure of the casing and the impeller. The impeller is a disc with short radial baffles located along the edges. It is called an impeller.

The body is made in such a way that it quite tightly covers the "flat" part of the impeller, and a significant lateral clearance remains in the area of ​​the baffles. When the impeller rotates, the water is carried away by the bridges. Due to the action of centrifugal force, it is pushed against the walls, but after some distance it again falls into the zone of action of the partitions, receiving an additional portion of energy. Thus, in the gaps, it also twists into vortices. It turns out a double vortex flow, which gave the name to the equipment.

Due to the peculiarities of their work, vortex pumps can create pressure 3-7 times more than centrifugal ones (with the same wheel sizes and rotation speed). They are ideal when low flow is required and high pressure... Another plus - they can pump a mixture of water and air, sometimes they even create a vacuum if they are filled only with air. This makes it easier to start it up - no need to fill the chamber with water or just a small amount of it. The disadvantage of vortex pumps is low efficiency. It cannot be higher than 45-50%.

Name	Power	Head (lifting height)	Performance	Suction depth	Body material	Price
LEO XKSm 60-1	370 Wt	40 m	40 l / min	9 m	cast iron	24$
LEO XKSm 80-1	750 watts	70 m	60 l / min	9 m	cast iron	89$
AKO QB 60	370 Wt	30 m	28 l / min	8 m	cast iron	47$
AKO QB 70	550 watts	45 m	40 l / min	8 m	cast iron	68 $
Pedrollo PKm 60	370 Wt	40 m	40 l / min	8 m	cast iron	77$
Pedrollo PK 65	500 watts	55 m	50 l / min	8 m	cast iron	124$

Ejector

The greatest depth from which surface vortex and centrifugal pumps can lift water is 8-9 meters, often it is located deeper. To "get" it from there, an ejector is installed on the pumps. This is a tube of a special shape, which, when water moves through it, creates a vacuum at the inlet. So such devices are also self-priming. The self-priming ejector pump can lift water from a depth of 20-35 m, and this is more than enough for most sources.

Remote ejector connection diagram for wells of different diameters - two-inch on the right, four-inch on the left

The disadvantage is that in order to ensure operation, part of the understood water must be returned back, therefore, the performance is significantly reduced - such a pump can provide not very large water consumption, but no less electricity is spent to ensure operability. When installing the injector into a well or a well of sufficient width, two pipelines are lowered into the source - one supply of a larger diameter, the second, a return one, of a smaller one. An ejector is connected to their outputs, and a filter and a check valve are installed at the end. In this case, the disadvantage is also obvious - double pipe flow, which means a more expensive installation.

In small-diameter wells, one pipeline is used - the supply, and instead of the return, the well casing is used. Thus, a rarefaction zone is also formed.

Vortex and centrifugal - comparison and scope

Common features first:

• maximum suction depth - 8-9 meters;
• installation method - superficial;
• there must be a pipe or a reinforced hose on the suction line (do not install a regular hose, it will be flattened by negative pressure).

Now about the differences between vortex and centrifugal models. Vortex pumps are more compact, cost less, but generate more noise during operation. Centrifugal - quieter, they create a little pressure at the outlet. Vortex with the same impeller size and speed of rotation can create pressure 3-7 times more. But it cannot be said that this is their advantage - far from always a great pressure is required at the exit. For example, it is not needed when watering the garden and vegetable garden. High pressure water will simply wash out the soil and expose the roots. Therefore, it is better to take a self-priming centrifugal pump as a pump for irrigation.

High outlet pressure may be required when organizing a water supply system at home. This is where the characteristics of vortex pumps are required. They only have one drawback: they cannot provide a high flow rate. So more often for these purposes they use the same centrifugal, but paired with. True, then it turns out already.

The main disadvantage of surface centrifugal self-priming pumps is the need to fill them with water before starting. Not the most enjoyable activity that adds to the hassle of using such a water pump.

Surface pumps for wells allow you to pump out water from a shallow depth, which is important for owners of country houses and summer cottages.

We will tell you about the main characteristics and features of these devices, as well as show how the surface pump is installed in a well.

Surface pump

Device and purpose

Surface pumps work on the principle of sucking water by creating a vacuum at the end of a suction hose, which is lowered into the water at the other end. Thus, a pressure difference arises at different ends of the hose, and with a full vacuum at the suction, it will be the value of atmospheric pressure, that is, about 760 mm Hg.

If we replace the mercury column with a water column, then the height of such a column will be 10.3 meters, which means that with a full vacuum on the suction side, the water can rise by no more than 10.3 meters.

Taking into account the losses due to friction of water against the pipe walls and the incomplete vacuum in the system, the maximum height of the water rise of such a pump will be no more than 9 meters, and if we take into account the horizontal part of the suction pipe, it turns out that the real working height will be 7 - 8 meters.

Important!
When calculating the parameters, one should take into account the distance from the well of the surface pump.
The following formula would be appropriate here:
Y = 4 (8-X), where Y is the length of the horizontal part of the pipe, X is the suction head.
That is, four meters of the horizontal part is equivalent to one meter of lift.

Important!
From the above calculation, we can conclude that the surface pump is designed to raise water to a height of 8 meters.
This allows this device to be used to draw water from open reservoirs, shallow sand boreholes and wells.

By design, external pumps are divided into three main types:

1. Vortex. The most compact and inexpensive devices capable of creating a sufficiently high pressure in the system, however, they have a low efficiency - no more than 45%. They are used mainly for irrigation and pumping water from flooded premises, but low efficiency and low reliability do not allow us to recommend this type of equipment as a permanent unit for an autonomous water supply system;
2. Centrifugal. More expensive and reliable devices that create, although less than that of vortex ones, but quite sufficient pressure to ensure the operation of the water supply system. They have a high efficiency factor - up to 92% - with sufficient reliability for permanent use, which allows using this type of equipment in the operation of pumping stations for water supply;
3. Ejector. They have two water circulation circuits: in the first circuit, the liquid is supplied to the ejector nozzle, where, due to the Bernoulli effect, a pressure difference is created and water is sucked in from the external environment - the second circuit. This solution allows you to lower the ejector to a depth and solve the issue of limiting the suction height, but now more efficient submersible units are used for these purposes, the price / quality ratio of which is higher.

As you can see, centrifugal pump designs turned out to be the most practical, so we will dwell on them in more detail.

The centrifugal unit is arranged quite simply:

• Two discs are rigidly fixed on the gearbox drive shaft, in the center of one of which there is a hole;
• The hole communicates with the inter-disk space, where inclined plates are soldered, creating channels from the center of the space to its edges, which are connected with a collector tank (diffuser) communicating with the supply hose;
• A suction hose is connected to the hole in the center of the disc;
• If you fill the suction hose and the disc space with liquid and set the gearbox drive in motion, then the blades inclined in the opposite direction to rotation will begin to push water from the center to the edges of the space between the discs due to centrifugal force;
• As a result, a vacuum will be created in the area of ​​the center of the wheel and the suction hole, and an area of ​​increased pressure in the area of ​​the edges and a diffuser communicating with the discharge hose;
• Under these conditions, the system will strive for equilibrium, and water will be pushed out by pressure from the storage tank at the edge of the wheel into the injection hose, while a vacuum will arise in the center of the wheel, and liquid will rush there from the suction hose under the influence of atmospheric pressure.

As a result, continuous circulation is created and water is pumped from one point to another, which was required to be achieved. However, to work in the autonomous water supply system of a house from a well, the surface unit is not used independently, but a so-called pumping station is assembled, which is described in more detail in the next paragraph.

Pumping station

For normal operation of the surface pump as part of the water supply system of a residential building, it is connected to a storage tank and an automatic switch-on control system. This is necessary in order to reduce the number of starts of the unit per unit of time.

The fact is that when the power is turned on, peak values ​​of the current strength appear on the motor winding, which are called inrush currents. These currents are destructive to the device, therefore, from the point of view of the service life of the electric motor, it is much better that it operates with the fewest start-stop cycles.

On the other hand, the constant operation of the pump is unnecessary and economically disadvantageous, since it consumes a considerable amount of energy and empties the well. Obviously, it is necessary to create a certain supply of water and pressure in the system, which will cover the constant on / off switching of plumbing fixtures and taps, and only when this pressure falls below certain values, the pump will turn on and restore the reserve.

Accordingly, when a certain peak pressure value in the storage tank is reached, the pump will automatically turn off.

So we came to the device of the pumping station, and its main parts are:

Important!
With a sufficient volume of the storage receiver, the system will rarely turn on the pump, which will significantly extend its service life, as well as extend the service life of the motor starters and terminal blocks.
In addition, in the water supply system, there will be no pressure peaks and characteristic water shocks, which will protect the shut-off valves and pipe connections.

Related articles:

Connecting the pumping station to the well

If you plan to connect a surface pump to the well with your own hands, our step-by-step instructions will help you:

1. The pumping station (or a separate pump) is installed on a solid fixed base and the legs are fixed with bolts or anchors. It is recommended to lay a rubber mat under the installation to reduce the vibration activity of the apparatus;

1. The outlet (supply) port of the pump is connected to the inch outlet of the five-outlet fitting with a hose or directly;

1. The accumulator tank is also connected to the inch outlet of the fitting using a soft hose or directly;

1. The remaining inch hole of the fitting is connected to the internal water pipe of the house;

1. A pressure gauge is screwed to the ¼ inch hole on the fitting;

1. The pressure switch is connected to the remaining unoccupied last hole of the fitting;

1. The suction port of the pump is connected to a water intake pipe;

1. The end of the water intake pipe is equipped with a check valve and a coarse water filter and lowered into the well (the distance to the bottom is at least one meter);

The working space of the pump is filled with water.

1. The taps in the house are closed and waiting for the tank to fill. When the tank is full and the pump is turned off, the cut-off pressure is measured on the pressure gauge;
2. Then the taps are unlocked and the water is drained until the pump turns on again. The switch-on pressure is detected;
3. Finally, the obtained pressure values ​​are compared with the passport data of the receiver and, if necessary, the pressure switch is adjusted.

The lack of a centralized water supply system outside the city makes the owners of houses and summer cottages look for alternative options. Wells and wells become the main sources of water, but pumps are responsible for delivering liquid to the house. Surface models have recently become one of the most popular types. They have a number of advantages over submersible units. Distinctive feature surface pumps are located outside the water. This can be a permanently installed unit or a mobile station. It is enough to lower the hose into the water to start raising the water. With the help of pumps of this type, it is possible not only to provide water to the house, but also to divert storm or sewage drains. When choosing a device, it is important to pay attention to several technical characteristics.

1. One of the fundamental values ​​is the depth of fluid rise. This parameter allows you to determine the suitability of the pump for a particular situation.
2. Surface pumps often operate in a branched plumbing system. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate whether the maximum head of the device is sufficient for efficient water supply or irrigation.
3. The durability of the pump depends on the quality of the main parts. The body is most often made of cast iron, stainless steel spare parts allow to resist corrosion for a long time.
4. Any pump will eventually have to be serviced or repaired. Not every owner is able to cope with this task on his own. Therefore, it is worth inquiring about the availability of a service center nearby.
5. As for the availability of additional options, then each buyer chooses a complete set according to his needs. If it is possible to periodically monitor the operation of the device, then automatic assistants are unlikely to be needed. You can save a lot on this.

Our review includes the best surface water pumps. When compiling the rating, the following criteria were taken into account:

• appointment;
• specifications;
• price;
• expert opinion;
• user reviews.

The best conventional surface pumps

The installation of conventional surface pumps is carried out outside the source, connecting the apparatus to it through a conventional hose. In the case of year-round use of the pump, it is necessary to provide for the protection of the casing from low temperatures, since water frozen inside the working cavity can lead to breakdown. Typically, the power of a domestic surface pump is designed to pump water from a depth of 10 meters. The advantages of such devices are simple installation, primitive design and high mobility.

4 SPERONI KPM 50

High build quality
Country: Italy
Average price: 4 649 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.4

European manufacturers are widely known throughout the world for the quality of the assembly of their products. Rate it by appearance surface pump is not possible. Therefore, we turn to customer reviews, and they are mostly positive. Despite the fact that the equipment costs a little more than analogues manufactured in Russia, it fully justifies its money. As people who have already bought this pump and use it in everyday life say, it serves for a very long time and does not require repair.

As for the technical characteristics, they are also within the normal range. The depth of the well is up to 7 meters, and the height of the water rise is up to 32 meters. Some similar models have indicators even higher, but often they are simply redundant. Power consumption is also within the normal range - 370 watts per hour. As for the shortcomings, besides the fact that the pump is capable of working only with clean water, and dirty liquid is destructive for it, like the ambient temperature, which should not be higher than 40 degrees, which for some southern regions of Russia is not something of a number of outgoing ones.

3 JILEX Jumbo 60/35 NK

Works at 1 ° C
Country Russia
Average price: 6 649 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.0

Universal pump JILEX Jumbo 60/35 N-K closes the top three of the best conventional surface pumps. This is the optimal model in terms of price, performance and quality ratio. Thanks to the power of 600 W, the device provides a capacity of 3.6 cu. m / hour, which allows you to use the pump as the main one to provide a house or plot with water. Among competitors in terms of rating, it creates a maximum head - 35 meters, which can be adjusted. It has a built-in ejector, which makes installation much easier.

To the strengths of this model, buyers include the presence of all automation in the kit, the absence of a built-in check valve and a standard pressure gauge. Distinctive feature device - the ability to work with water, the temperature of which is only 1 ° C, which allows you to operate the device in extreme conditions. Among the minuses - noisy work and a plastic outlet on the hose, with which you need to be careful not to damage it.

2 Craton PWP-370

Best price. Reliable brand
Country Russia
Average price: 2 053 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

The Russian company Kraton produces a wide range of equipment, including some of the best surface water pumps. For example, this model is capable of lifting water from a well up to 8 meters deep, and directing it further to a height of up to 30 meters. The figures are very high, as is the power consumption of the pump, which here is 370 watts. In principle, this level of consumption is not critical, but it should be taken into account when purchasing such equipment for the home.

It should also be noted the reliability of this pump and its long service life, which real buyers often write about in reviews. In addition to the powerful rotary engine, which itself rarely breaks down even at maximum loads, a protection system is installed here that prevents the motor from overheating and regulates the incoming power. The price will also please, which is much lower than that of eminent foreign manufacturers, who often wind up the price tag only because of the fame and popularity of the brand.

1 Grundfos MQ 3-35

Best technical characteristics
Country: Denmark
Average price: 20 180 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.5

The rating of the best conventional surface pumps is topped by the Grundfos MQ 3-35 model. Powerful (850 W) unit provides 3.9 cc throughput. m / hour, which allows uninterrupted water supply to the whole house. To increase the pressure in the pipelines, a pressure increase function is provided. The maximum immersion depth of the hose is 8 meters, so that the pump can be operated to pump water from wells and deep wells.

Among the advantages of this model, buyers note high reliability, unpretentiousness to external conditions and quiet operation. The maximum water temperature with which the pump can operate is 35 degrees. The provided dry-running protection will save the pump in the event of an unexpected water supply failure. Convenient electronic shutdown allows you to quickly pause the device. Disadvantages include overpriced and erratic performance after long periods of inactivity.

Video review

The best circulation pumps for heating

Circulation pumps for heating are used for forced circulation of water in a circle. The devices can also work with hot water, since their main area of ​​application is heating systems... The devices create pressure drops that help the fluid overcome the resistance created in the pipe. When choosing a circulation pump, you should pay attention to the created head, which determines how large systems the device can serve, the capacity and the maximum water temperature with which the device can work.

The leader in the number of sales of surface circulation pumps is the company "Grundfos" ... Grundfos- Danish concern, the most popular and reputable company for the production of pumping units. The volume of production is over 16 million items per year. The main office of the company is located in Denmark, and the main production facilities are located in Germany. Therefore, the pumps "Grundfos" are often called German, as evidenced by the high quality of assembly. In 2005, the Grundfos pump production plant was opened in Russia (Moscow region).

4 JEMIX WRF 50/16

The most powerful pump
Country Russia
Average price: 15 752 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.5

Looking for the most powerful surface pump capable of generating water pressure at a height of 12 meters? Then be sure to pay attention to this model. A powerful half-kilowatt engine is installed here, and the capacity of the device is as much as 10 cubic meters per hour. Yes, such indicators are unlikely to be needed in a small house, so this pump is better classified as industrial. It should also be understood that such a powerful motor cannot run silently, and installing it directly in the house is not the best idea.

Separately, it is worth talking about the quality of the assembly and the reliability of the pump. There are no fragile plastic parts here. The entire structure is made exclusively of metal, and therefore has a high service life. Also, the throughput of the device will allow you to drive dirty water through it, although manufacturers do not recommend doing this. Also, this model is perfect for those who need to raise water from a well from a great depth. Most models of surface pumps are limited to 5-7 meters, which is very small for some regions of the country.

3 UNIPUMP LPA 25-60

Convenient setting. Electronic scoreboard
Country Russia
Average price: 7,075 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.6

One of the most popular Russian manufacturers, occupying leading positions in many ratings for many years. The company produces many options, including drainage pumps and surface pumps for heating. Before us is one of them, and we can call it the best at least for the presence of an electronic scoreboard and precise settings. It is no secret that pumps are always taken with a margin, and they work at full capacity, consuming energy and developing their resource to the maximum, even when there is no need for it.

Here you have the opportunity to independently configure the device at your own discretion, and this will significantly save electricity and the overall resource of the pump. All data is displayed on an electronic display, and the settings are intuitive, even if you had no experience with such devices before. In fact, this pump can be called the best, if not for the rather average characteristics, such as a water rise of only 4 meters, and a throughput of no more than 2 cubic meters per hour.

2 VORTEX TsN-32-4

The best ratio of price and quality
Country Russia
Average price: 1 980 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

A surface pump does not have to be expensive, and this model is a direct proof of this. Only 2 thousand rubles for a full-fledged heating pump, and this is the best price on the market. The technical specifications are also here on high level... The height of the water rise is up to 7 meters, and the maximum productivity is up to 2.5 cubic meters per hour. This is not the highest indicator, but it should be noted that there are a lot of much more expensive models with such characteristics.

As for the build quality, we traditionally turn to the reviews of real buyers, of which there are a lot on the network. Most of them are positive, and praise both the build quality and the quietness of the pump itself. By the way, silence is one of the most important criteria when choosing. Also note the materials from which the device is made. It is metallic, which ensures a long service life. As for the shortcomings, here it is the lack of a power cable from the mains. To be honest, it is not clear to us why the manufacturer removed the much-needed element from the kit.

1 Grundfos UPA 15-90

The most popular circulation pump for heating
Country: Denmark
Average price: 5,754 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.0

The leader in the ranking of the best circulation pumps for heating is the Grundfos UPA 15-90 model. This is the most popular device on the market, as evidenced by the large number of positive reviews. With a relatively small size, the device boasts a power of 118 watts, which significantly outperforms the competition. If necessary, it is possible to increase the pressure using a special regulator. The throughput is low - only 1.5 cubic meters. m / hour, but it is enough to heat any apartment.

The advantages of this model, according to customers, are high reliability, quiet operation and ease of installation. In addition, the pump is equipped with a dry-running protection that will automatically shut it off when there is no water supply. The device operates in the temperature range from 2 to 60 degrees. The disadvantage is inconvenient manual control. In terms of the set of parameters, this is the best circulation pump for heating.

The best sewer installations

Sewerage plants are used to collect and dispose of waste water. The devices have a sealed body and small dimensions. They are used in cases where it is not possible to drain wastewater by gravity. The main advantage of the units is that there is no need for maintenance. The device is self-cleaning after emptying, which prevents penetration unpleasant odors to the living quarters.

4 CNP 50WQ 8-15-1.1

Powerful high flow pump
Country Russia
Average price: 45 641 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.4

Before us is the most powerful drainage pump with high permeability, and many will probably have a question why it is not in the first place in the rating. Let's explain, it's all about the main technical characteristics, which are simply not needed in household use. Let's start in order: the throughput of this device is 8 cubic meters per hour. This is not so much, if you do not take into account the fact that the pump is capable of lifting dirty water to a height of 15 meters, while the maximum particle size is 20 millimeters, that is, it is able to work not just with dirty water, but with the most littered waste objects.

It should also be borne in mind that the pump does not work from a standard network, but from 380 volts and consumes 1.1 kilowatts. Simply put, you simply won't be able to install it at home without connecting to an additional high-voltage network. This equipment can be classified as industrial, this is what caused it to be placed in a not very honorable place in our rating.

3 Makita PF1010

Highest quality
Country: Japan
Average price: 6 219 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.5

Everyone is familiar with the Japanese brand Makita. It manufactures a huge range of tools and equipment, including surface pumps and drainage devices. The main advantage of all equipment of this brand, including this pump, is high reliability and build quality. As noted real users in their reviews, the device works flawlessly and does not require repair for a long time. It was made with the highest quality, but what about the technical characteristics?

The first thing that catches your eye is its compact size. The equipment is small and weighs only five kilograms, despite this, it is capable of lifting dirty water from a well up to 5 meters deep, and the maximum productivity is 14 and a half cubic meters per hour. This is quite a lot, especially considering the relatively low power consumption level of only 1 kilowatt. For conventional surface pumps, this is a lot, but for devices operating in the sewage system, it is quite acceptable, especially given the high throughput.

2 Grundfos Sololift 2 C-3

High throughput
Country: Denmark
Average price: 21,963 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.7

In second place in the ranking of the best sewage plants is the Grundfos Sololift 2 C-3 model. Despite the high price, many buyers love it for its reliability and performance. At 640 watts, it delivers 14.4 cu. m / hour and creates a head of 8.5 meters. The sewerage system unites up to 7 water intake points, which makes it possible to connect several sources of polluted water.

Among the strengths of this installation, buyers highlight a good package, high speed work and quality of components. The device has a small size and weight of 6.6 kg, which allows you to install it almost anywhere. The disadvantages of this model are the need for regular cleaning of the float for correct operation of the pump and quite noisy operation.

1 WATERSTRY WFM 7-8

Best chopper pump
Country: China
Average price: 11 368 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9

Dirty water is not the most difficult task for drainage and surface pumps. Filters of various degrees of purification are quite capable of handling it. The sewage pump faces a much more difficult task, and this model is equipped with a grinder in addition to filters. That is, the output is just dirty water, which goes into a pit or sewer network.

This model is submersible, that is, it is installed directly on the bottom of a well or septic tank, and everything would be fine if it were not for a number of negative user reviews. The fact is that the parts of the mechanism are made of plastic. Durable, but still plastic, and it copes very badly with solid inclusions. For example, the device will cope with paper or silty deposits without difficulty, and for example, branches accidentally falling into the drainage can seriously damage the mechanisms. Simply put, it is better not to use this model in open wells and septic tanks, and also avoid installation in swimming pools, even though the manufacturer claims otherwise.

The best pumping stations

The modern version of water supply in country house is the installation of a pumping station. It is an aggregate that performs a lot useful species works without human intervention. The integral elements of the station are considered to be a pump, a hydraulic accumulator, a float system, and pressure sensors. For the correct installation and connection of the pumping station, contact a water supply specialist.

4 GARDENA 3000/4 Classic

Compact form factor
Country: Germany
Average price: 8 830 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.7

A German brand that manufactures everything from axes and rakes to high-tech equipment. The range of the company also includes pumping stations, and the main advantage of this model is its compactness. He has the most convenient form factor, allowing you to place the pump in the most cramped conditions. Very convenient for houses that do not have extra square meters.

Now for the quality. Like all products of this brand, the pump is of high build quality and reliability. What real buyers clearly say in their reviews. True, repairs are quite expensive, and there are few spare parts on the market, but they are rarely required, and this is a huge advantage over competitors. Also in the reviews they note a very quiet mode of operation. All parts are fitted so neatly and tightly that even after long-term operation, no backlash and rattling appear anywhere. Simply put, if you are looking for a pump for years to come, be sure to consider this option.

3 VORTEX ASV-1200 / 24N

Reliability and durability
Country: Russia (made in China)
Average price: 7 480 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

Domestic development VORTEX ASV-1200 / 24N deservedly hit the top of our rating. The model is made of stainless steel, which makes it reliable and durable. The station is controlled by the latest electronic system. It allows you to efficiently consume electricity, gives the station work stability. Most often, the device is purchased by the owners of country houses and summer cottages. The station is equipped with the most powerful motor (1.2 kW), which allows reaching a record performance (4.2 cubic meters per hour) and excellent head (40 m). The immersion depth is limited to 9 m.

In the reviews, users note the unpretentiousness of the VORTEX ASV-1200 / 24N pumping station, reliability and durability. In the pumped-over water, the presence of mechanical impurities is allowed within 150 g / cu. m.

2 DENZEL PSD800C

Maximum head (45 m)
Country: China
Average price: 9 717 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9

The best option for organizing the water supply system is to use the DENZEL PSD800C pumping station. With a maximum head of 45 m, the device is capable of lifting water from wells and boreholes. The suction depth is 20 m. Thanks to the powerful electric motor (800 W), the station has a decent throughput (2.4 cubic meters per hour). The manufacturer has equipped the pump with automation, which independently turns on and off the electric motor as the water is consumed.

Positive feedback from users testifies to the high quality of the DENZEL PSD800C pumping station. The device pleasantly surprises with its power and pressure, the largest suction depth among competitors. It should be borne in mind that the pump is not suitable for pumping out dirty water, which contains mechanical impurities.

1 JILEX Jumbo 50/28 H-14

Best price
Country Russia
Average price: 6 200 rubles.
Rating (2019): 5.0

Serious pumping equipment at an affordable price is offered by a domestic manufacturer. JILEX Jumbo 50/28 Ch-14 is equipped with a built-in ejector connected with pipelines. Such a scheme of work ensures effective water absorption. With a power of 520 W, the device is capable of pumping 3 cu. m of liquid per hour. The head is limited to 28 m. The pump can be operated with dirty water containing dissolved gases. Reliable leakage protection of the device is provided by graphite-ceramic seals. Experts highlight the progressive squirrel cage system in the electric motor.

Users note such advantages of the JILEX Jumbo 50/28 Ch-14 pumping station as smooth start-up, reasonable price, no dry running. The device is reliably protected from voltage surges, it economically consumes electrical energy.