Liza Muromskaya Young lady peasant woman image and characteristics according to the plan

1. General characteristics. Lizaveta Grigorievna - the main character of the story by A. S. Pushkin and "The young lady-peasant". This is the young daughter of Grigory Ivanovich Muromsky, whom he English manner calling Betsy. Wishing to get acquainted with Alexei Berestov, Lisa disguises herself as a peasant woman. Frequent meetings between young people lead to mutual love. In the finale, the girl's innocent deceit is happily revealed.

2. Appearance and character. Lisa is only seventeen years old. On her "swarty and very pleasant face" "black eyes" stand out. Besides her, Muromsky has no children, so the father allows a lot for his only daughter. The girl is very windy and careless. She still loves various pranks and pranks.

3. Education. Lisa's mentor is the prim Englishwoman Miss Jackson. She has almost no effect on the pupil. Grigory Ivanovich forgives his beloved daughter for all the tricks, which leads Miss Jackson to despair. The father fails to instill in Lisa a passion for the English way of life. A girl who grew up in the village is much more willing to learn from her maid Nastya. She knows the common language very well and knows how to behave like an ordinary peasant woman.

4. Liza and Nastya. The closest and most trusting relationship was established between the young lady and the maid. They are very similar in character, especially in their propensity for any undertakings. Nastya enthusiastically accepts the idea of ​​the hostess to disguise herself as a peasant woman and helps her in this "glorious invention".

5. Love. The first meeting with Alexei in the role of Akulina makes a great impression on the provincial young lady. Friendly walks and confidential conversations become more frequent. Lisa herself does not notice how she falls in love with an attractive young man. A happy marriage is hampered by two serious circumstances. For Alexei, this is the difference between a nobleman and a commoner, for Lisa, it is the enmity between fathers. However, young people prefer not to look into the future.

6. Another fiction and a happy ending. An unexpected reconciliation between the elders Muromsky and Berestov brings the denouement closer. Fearing for the discovery of her secret, Lisa again changes her appearance. Before Alexei, she appears as a whitewashed and sullen young lady, in a wig and diamonds. The young man does not recognize his beloved and makes an extremely low opinion of the owner's daughter. On the next date, Lisa notes with satisfaction that Alexei likes her natural beauty much more. His love is above class prejudices. For the sake of the beautiful Akulina, Alexei is ready to go against the will of his father and marry a simple peasant woman. With this firm intention, he arrives at the house of Grigory Ivanovich and suddenly sees his beloved, who does not play any role: "dear swarthy Akulina ... in a white morning dress" turns out to be Lizaveta Grigorievna Muromskaya.

7. The meaning of the image. A. S. Pushkin spoke with enthusiasm about provincial girls in many works. While receiving a foreign education and upbringing (French or English), they at the same time remained Russian in spirit and character. A love affair might not have begun if Alexei had first met Liza in an "official" setting, where it was important to follow the rules and decorum. The girl easily enters the image of a peasant woman, because he is very close to her and suits her much more than mannerisms.

>Characteristics of the heroes

Characteristics of the hero Lisa

Elizaveta Grigorievna Muromskaya (Betsy) - the main character of A. S. Pushkin's story "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman", the daughter of the Angloman landowner Grigory Ivanovich Muromsky, beloved Alexei. Lisa is only seventeen years old. She is naturally endowed with a swarthy and pleasant face, lively black eyes. She was orphaned early and raised by her father, a wealthy landowner. Muromsky spoiled his only daughter, even hired the prim Englishwoman Miss Jackson for her upbringing and education. Liza, like all county ladies, was romantic, but distinguished by her quick wits and developed ingenuity. When she found out that the son of a neighboring landowner Ivan Petrovich Berestov had come to the village, she immediately decided to get to know him herself.

Lisa knew that her father had been at enmity with her neighbor for a long time, but, having heard about the charm of young Alexei, she was nevertheless carried away by thoughts about him. To do this, she asked her maid and chargé d'affaires Nastya to watch the young master in Tugilov. When Nastya told how good and well-mannered he was, Lisa immediately figured out how to get to know him. Disguised as a peasant woman, she went for a walk to neighboring properties. There, the owner's dog attacked her, and Alexei arrived in time to help the poor girl. That's how they met. Lisa introduced herself as the blacksmith's daughter, Akulina. From that day on, they met every day and walked in the grove, but the girl did not allow anything more and asked not to look for her in the village.

When her father once decided to invite the Berestovs to dinner, Lisa was terribly frightened, but she came up with a new plan. She dressed up in the English manner, while pretty whitened her face, so that Alexei did not even recognize her. The truth was revealed only when Muromsky decided to marry his daughter to Alexei. Then Alexey came to explain that he loves another, that is, Kuznetsov's daughter Akulina, and therefore does not intend to marry Lisa. What was his surprise when he found out that Lisa was the same Akulina.

"The Young Lady Peasant Woman" a comparison of the main characters of Pushkin will help to understand their similarities and differences and prepare for the lesson.

"Young lady peasant" characterization of heroes

There are not so many main characters in Pushkin's story "The Young Lady Peasant Woman".

Main characters:

• Ivan Petrovich Berestov, his son Alexei,
• Grigory Ivanovich Muromsky, his daughter Liza.

The main idea of ​​the story lies in the disclosure and denial of the conventions and prejudices of that time and, of course, in attention to the life and being of a person.

Ivan Berestov and Grigory Muromsky: comparative characteristics

We note the irony of Pushkin in the description of the relationship between Berestov - the elder and Muromsky. In their depiction, Pushkin uses the technique of antithesis.

Berestov and Murom similarities:

Thanks to the common life, Berestov Sr. and Muromsky were able to find in the end mutual language and reconcile.

Alexey Berestov and Lisa comparative characteristics

Alexei wears the mask of a suffering lover, cold towards all the young ladies, because it is fashionable in society, and with simple peasant women he is cheerful, sweet, plays with burners. You don't have to wear a mask with them, you can be yourself. So Alexey is more interesting to Lisa.

The characters of the story The Young Lady-Peasant Woman are bright, each with its own character.

Liza is the daughter of the landowner Muromsky, spoiled by her loving father. She is not stupid, she received an upbringing appropriate to a noblewoman - she speaks fluent French and English, plays music (in the poems presented to her, she hears a melody and composes, plays it), rides well, loves to read. She also loves walking - the author emphasizes several times that the girl is "swarthy", tanned. It was not fashionable in the Russian nobility and speaks of its independent character. Describing her appearance, A.S. Pushkin notes that she is sweet, slim, charming. Black eyes add charm to her and make an indelible impression on the young neighbor - the son of the landowner Berestov.

Lisa's attractiveness is not limited to appearance. A cheerful disposition, kindness, a loving heart and at the same time mischief, a penchant for pranks, some frivolity and frivolity complement the image and evoke sympathy for the heroine. The father is touched by everything that she does, the girl knows almost no prohibitions. And, faced with his father's request not to communicate with the neighbors, he finds a way to "obey" and satisfy curiosity. The started prank turns into a serious mutual feeling. The unexpected reconciliation of the neighbors makes it possible for the lovers to unite their destinies, to the happiness of all.

A good, light story with a slightly naive plot. Her characters are pleasant, evoke sincere feelings, they want to empathize, rejoice for them. The story makes it possible to believe in love.

In the history of Russian classical literature, the works of A.S. Pushkin is occupied special place. His poetry and prose opened new pages in the development of the Russian language, style and imagery. The Belkin Tale cycle pays tribute to romanticism and dreams of love. In the story "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman" you can, if you wish, see the motives European literature adapted to Russian realities. The conflict of the fathers, which affected the children, acquires a comedic connotation in the story. Hypertrophied Russophilia and Anglomanism, unwillingness to see the essence of man behind external manifestations are phenomena that are also characteristic of modernity.

Sample 2

Lisa is the only daughter of the master Grigory of Murom. She grew up mischievous and adventurous. Her trick of dressing up as a peasant helped her bond with Alexei, whom she was unable to meet because of their parents' disagreements.

Lisa is only seventeen years old, so she is characterized by quirkiness in behavior. Her father did not hold her strictly, on the contrary, spoiled her and indulged in pranks. He himself was very extravagant: he planted an English garden and dressed the grooms as jockeys, which greatly surprised and even angered the neighbors. It is not surprising that he admired her pranks and did not punish: most likely, she grew up as his copy.

Lisa was windy, but at the same time reasonable. She planned her adventures carefully. She discussed all ideas with Nastya, her confidante. Most of the plan, of course, came up with Lisa, and she only helped to carry it out. She prepared well for the meeting with Alexei: she sewed the necessary clothes and rehearsed the role of a peasant woman. This emphasizes her outstanding acting abilities. This is also evidenced by the reincarnation during the reception of the Berestovs in their house. She wanted Alexei not to recognize her, and played a funny pretentious young lady. She apologized to Miss Jackson for the trick with whitewash, realizing that she could offend Madame by stealing her things.

Liza's intelligence also manifests itself when she meets Alexei. She did not let him take control of herself, did not allow unnecessary courtship, and she herself set the rules for their meetings. Alexei was surprised how this young girl took him in so easily. This is because Lisa correctly showed him acceptable boundaries and was not afraid to say that he sometimes behaves tactlessly. Of course, a noble upbringing helped her draw a line between them. However, Lisa did not succumb to his courtship, because she has pride. If we see how Alexei passionately fell in love with her and was worried about this, then the girl showed her feelings with restraint.

Lisa can easily laugh at herself. When Alexei described a meeting with her in the Berestovs' house, when she disguised herself with whitewash so that he would not recognize her, he made fun of the young lady. But Lisa was not offended, only rejoicing that the idea was a success again.

Lisa is very brave girl. She was not afraid to reincarnate as a peasant woman in order to get to know Alexei. The girl was not taken aback even at the moment when the dogs rushed at her. She did not forget her role and why she came to the grove. She kept herself confident and strict, which conquered Alexei.

Lisa is a brave and mischievous girl, but tactful and strict. She could boldly express her thoughts to both her father and Alexei. Although the author calls her windy, you can see how the girl often behaves reasonably and does not allow herself too much.

An essay about Lisa Muromskaya and her story

In the plot of the story A.S. Pushkin's "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman" is a love story between the main characters. The main character of the work, Lisa Muromskaya, is the daughter of a wealthy landowner. The girl was left without a mother early. She was brought up by a governess and a father who nurtured and spoiled her. Grigory Muromsky surrounded his daughter with care and love.

And now, chance invades this carefree life. A son who received a university education came to a wealthy gentleman neighbor. Alexei Berestov, that was the name of the hero of the story, was not only well educated, but also handsome. All the girls in the area seem to have lost their heads. Each of them certainly wanted to please the young master. But Aleksey answered the interested glances of the girls with complete indifference. He was cold and unapproachable.

Liza, suffering from boredom and consumed by curiosity, decided to look at the hero up close. She certainly wanted to know if he was really as good as the local young ladies praise him. To do this, the heroine of the story changes into a peasant dress and in this form goes to the forest. She was lucky not only to get into the eyes of Berestov Jr., but also to get to know him.

The girl managed to make a positive impression on Alexei. Young people became friends and began to meet. Mutual sympathy made their meetings pleasant. In those days when they could not meet, lovers left notes to each other in the hollow of a tree. Lisa and Alexei each other, but in the way of each of them stood an insurmountable obstacle.

Lisa knew whose son Alex was. And she knew that her friend's father would never want to reconcile with her father. They had been at odds for a long time. Alexei, on the contrary, did not know that Liza was not at all the one she claims to be. When she met him, she didn't even give her name. The social status of the girl prevented the hero from admitting to her and to himself that he was in love. There was no question of marriage.

Fortunately for the young people, the old parents reconciled quite by accident. And it ended with the wedding of the young.

Option 4

Main story line A.S. Pushkin’s story “The Young Lady-Peasant Woman” is a love story between the main characters.

The girl Lisa is very sweet, cheerful, sociable and carefree. When she was just a child, she lost her mother, so her governess and father are engaged in her upbringing, who does not have a soul in her and constantly pampers her. Lisa during the story is just at the age when femininity and beauty begin to wake up in a girl.

Lisa's life is very carefree, she is surrounded by an atmosphere of love and prosperity. The girl does not know the need for anything, her father surrounds her with attention and care.

However, although Liza's life is wonderful, it is very monotonous, therefore, when the son of a neighboring landowner returns from the university, Liza is very interested in this event. And, having decided to play a game of dressing up, in an outfit, a peasant woman meets a young man, whom she immediately liked very much. Lisa has long dreamed of meeting a young man, but due to the fact that their fathers quarreled many years ago and were still offended by each other, she came up with this number with dressing up. Only now Lisa began to understand that her girlish curiosity had grown into love.

Mutual romantic feelings arise between young people, they begin to meet, only Lisa, not daring to admit her deceit, continues to play the role of a peasant woman, especially since she is excellent at it.

And even when the fathers of the couple in love finally reconcile, Lisa continues to play her role, because she is afraid that no one will understand her. When her lover arrives with his father for dinner at their house, she puts a thick layer of powder on her face and does an awkward hairstyle, and also behaves like a spoiled girl. Her talent as an actress helped her to remain unrecognized by anyone.

And when Lisa met after that with her lover, out of curiosity she asks him if he liked the young lady. And having learned that the young man considered her terrible, and she didn’t even like him at all, she even takes a little offence.

Liza is still a very young girl, therefore, having a childish naivety and spontaneity, she did not know how to tell her beloved about her deceit so that he would not refuse her. But a happy accident came to the rescue, and everything was revealed in the best way, and Lisa was waiting for happiness with her loved one.

Essay 5

The main female heroine of Pushkin's story "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman" is Elizaveta Grigoryevna Muromskaya. Her father calls her in English Betsy, because her father himself loves everything English.

Liza lost her mother early and was raised by servants and her father. Her father is a once rich landowner who squandered all his money in Moscow, and now has moved to Priluchino. The girl is not denied anything: her father loves her to the point of madness, allows various pranks and does not have a soul in this child. Lisa grew up to be a very smart, smart and resourceful young lady. Her father even hired an English teacher especially for her.

The story says that Liza has a swarthy face, pleasant appearance and black alluring eyes. Elizaveta Grigorievna is seventeen years old, she is going through that period of growing up when love reigns in every piece of the body and soul of young people. Liza chooses her neighbor's son as the object of her sympathy.

Relations between the Muromsky and Berestov families did not develop very well, the fathers were in a quarrel, but this did not bother Lisa. She was told that Alexei, the son of Berestov, is an extremely charming and sweet guy. She even sent her maid Anastasia to see how Alexei behaves and what he is like. After the maid told Lisa that the gentleman is handsome and well-mannered, that everyone admires him, Lisa proceeds to take action, this characterizes the decisiveness of her character: she does not hesitate, sets a goal and goes towards it.

It is not easy for her to hide her proximity to Alexei, but she succeeds: her mystery and femininity help her in this, with which she charms a young man in the person of an ordinary blacksmith's daughter. Lisa is a very moral and discreet girl, which is confirmed by the fact that apart from walks she and Alexei had nothing.

Liza's resourcefulness is also manifested in the fact that at the evening when the Berestovs came to the Muromskys' house, she changed into English-style clothes, applied a lot of makeup, and Alexei did not recognize in her that Akulina, the blacksmith's daughter, with whom he walked and whom he loved.

The story has happy end, because when the fathers decide to marry Lisa and Alexei, the young man resists and says that he loves another, Akulina, the blacksmith's daughter, but it turns out that Lisa is Akulina. Thus, the love of the young and the desire of the ancestors merged, and the situation was resolved without conflict.

The character of a person is not determined at birth, it develops on the basis of natural data under the influence of the environment and society, manifesting itself especially clearly at turning points in life.
Pushkin does not give evaluative definitions to the characters of Berestov and Muromsky, Alexei and Lisa.
Confidently traced life history of the characters, laconic lines of portraits, brief and capacious speech characteristics, including improperly direct speech, the very behavior of the characters in the current situation - all these are artistic means of creating characters in the story.
In fact, the time limits of the action of the Young Lady-Peasant Woman are defined. This is two or three months, starting from Nastya's visit to the cook's wife and up to the recognition scene. However, the boundaries are pushed apart when we restore the biographies of Muromsky and Berestov and, looking ahead, we see how two estates merge into one, two families - one rich, the other noble, and the old people nurse their grandchildren.

Ivan Petrovich Berestov

in his youth he served in the guards. Under Catherine II, service in the guards was a privilege of wealthy noble families. The guards have always been the backbone of the empress. It is no coincidence that Berestov retires at the beginning of 1797, when, after the death of Catherine II, Paul I, who imposed the Prussian order in Russia, was on the throne. A young, ardent guardsman, Berestov, like most Russian people, does not want to obey Paul I, and his protest against the new order is expressed by a letter of resignation. Berestov at that time was about 30 years old, that is, he was born around 1767.
In 1801, Alexander I became emperor. Serfdom seemed unshakable. The nobility enjoyed all the privileges. The nobles understood that manufactories and factories were a profitable business, so the number of industrial enterprises in Russia increased significantly. Becoming the sole owner of the estate, Berestov was not satisfied with his parental home, but decided to build his own, according to his own plan (he had something to compare with - he served in St. Petersburg!). The money invested in the construction of the factory quickly returned, revenues tripled. The serfs did not have to be paid like hired laborers. Berestov became one of the richest landowners in the province, sent his son, who had grown up by that time, to study in the capitals, and then to the university (Göttingen University was the most popular among Russian students), he himself received guests, took care of horses, dogs, did not read anything, except for the Senate Gazette, he himself recorded the expense.
Out of attachment to everything domestic, Russian - or out of economy, bordering on stinginess, he wore a frock coat made of homemade cloth, but on weekdays he went in a plush jacket. It seemed that he was a hospitable host, but for the treat, the neighbors paid him loud praises for economic orders, agreed that he was the smartest person, did not interfere with his narcissism, portrayed humility, and then went to talk about Berestov of Murom and entertained Grigory Ivanovich's rage.
Of course, Berestov was a good host. Russian people said about such people: “The arrogance is noble, but the mind is peasant” (V. I. Dal). He knew the value of labor and time, he knew the value of money, and therefore he could not understand Muromsky's folly. Self-confidence allowed Ivan Petrovich to feel at home everywhere. He was accustomed to the fact that those around him listened to him, and did not particularly think about the mood of people.
In the first place in the value range of Berestov was welfare, the estate. He does not miss an opportunity to emphasize his wealth: in order to travel three miles, he harnesses six horses; stubborn Alexei, who does not want to marry Liza Muromskaya, is threatened with deprivation of inheritance. He looks at his son’s marriage as a bargain: “Grigory Ivanovich was a close relative of Count Pronsky, a noble and strong man; the count could be very useful to Alexei ... "
From the image of Berestov there are only a few steps to the image of Kirila Petrovich Troekurov. The main, most prominent, convex character trait of both is love for oneself.
If we conditionally divide the story, like a play, into five acts, then in the first two acts we see an allegedly pronounced conflict between Berestov and Murom.

Grigory Ivanovich Muromsky

was a close relative of Count Pronsky, had a significant fortune. Perhaps he was born in Moscow and, if he was a child, he rarely visited his estate. It was these people who did not know the value of labor and the time spent on work, who had no idea how bread would be born, carelessly squandered their fortune in the capitals, lost at cards, held balls (remember Father Eugene Onegin). Muromsky served, but probably not for long (“the old people remembered the old days and anecdotes of their service”). Perhaps he traveled abroad, where he became infected with Anglomania, that is, he became a passionate supporter of all things English.
In Moscow, his daughter was born and grew up. After the death of his wife, Muromsky left with his daughter for his village. His “pranks” are the English garden, the costumes of English jockeys on the grooms, the maintenance of “Madame Miss Jackson”, who “received ... two thousand rubles and died of boredom in this barbarian Russia, all this turned into new debts, besides, the peasants of the estate, mortgaged by Grigory Ivanovich to the Board of Trustees, had to pay interest on the amount that the landowner safely spent. The peasants went bankrupt, and the neighbors admired how Muromsky loves and pampers his daughter, whom he left without an inheritance, in fact with only debts (“... all her mother’s diamonds, not yet pawned in the pawnshop, shone on her fingers, neck and ears” ). In addition, he never tried to penetrate her inner world. All actions incomprehensible to him, he interpreted in a way convenient for himself: after Lisa's first early walk, he talks about "the principles of human longevity, gleaned from English magazines"; after dressing Lisa for dinner, he asks her a question and, without waiting for an answer, advises her daughter to use whitewash.
Just as Berestov does not see and does not understand his son, so Muromsky sees in Lisa only a naughty and naughty Betsy. But if Berestov looks like the industrious Krylovsky Ant, then his neighbor glides through life like a Moth. This sliding, the habit of avoiding serious problem solving, carelessness and irresponsibility are also manifested in his speech. ("What, are you out of your mind? - objected the father, - how long ago did you become so shy, or do you harbor hereditary hatred for them, like a romantic heroine?")
We see the same thoughts of Muromsky about Lisa's marriage: “... upon the death of Ivan Petrovich, all his estate will pass into the hands of Alexei Ivanovich; that in this case Alexei Ivanovich would be one of the richest landowners in that province, and that there was no reason for him not to marry Lisa. Muromsky's thought about of death neighbor contributed to the transformation of acquaintance into friendship!
Just as easily as with financial matters, Muromsky treats matters of the heart: “... if Alexei is with me every day, then Betsy will have to fall in love with him. It's okay. Time will take care of everything." Grigory Ivanovich wants to get rid of his daughter as soon as possible, because the heaviest burden is the burden of responsibility.
Pushkin himself, thanks to the narrator - Belkin, does not give a direct assessment of the life of an "educated European", only once with sober eyes - the eyes of Alexei - we see Muromsky as simply a "narcissistic Angloman", and Berestov - "prudent landowner".
So, the life positions of Berestov and Muromsky are built on the same platform - self-love. It was this, and not the "shyness of a short filly" that caused the feud "old and deeply rooted" to end. Was there any hostility? It could not be ancient, Muromsky did not live in Priluchino for so long, and the neighbors portrayed its depth, zealous in conveying the words of one landowner to another.
The author parodies the theme of the enmity of the fathers, popular thanks to W. Shakespeare, and therefore uses so many words suddenly, unexpectedly, hatred, adversary and promising "suddenly found himself at a distance of a pistol shot." But the enmity is inflated by the neighbors and bursts like a soap bubble at the first meeting of the two landowners.
It should be noted that in "Dubrovsky" the conflict is already real, it is based on the independence of one and the lust for power of another neighbor.
Berestov and Muromsky are two typical representatives of the nobility early XIX century, their images will find continuation in the heroes of I. S. Turgenev, L. N. Tolstoy, I. A. Goncharov and I. A. Bunin.

Alexey Berestov.

In the 19th century, the relative speed of the flow of time intensifies even more, and long before I. S. Turgenev, A. S. Pushkin outlines the theme of the conflict between fathers and children. Ivan Petrovich Berestov, reading the Senate Gazette on his estate, has no idea what the life of a student of *** university is filled with. The father is a monolithic figure, frozen in his habits. In Alexey, we can distinguish and single out several subpersonalities, each of which lives, as it were, its own life, at the same time they form a single whole.
Alexei the hussar. His father doesn't let him join the military, but Alexei keeps his mustache just in case. “Alexey was, in fact, well done. It would really be a pity if his slender figure never pulled off a military uniform and if, instead of showing off on a horse, he spent his youth bending over stationery.
Alexei is a mysterious melancholic, brought new fashion from capitals to provinces. “He was the first to appear before them gloomy and disappointed, the first to tell them about lost joys and about his faded youth; moreover, he wore a black ring with the image of a dead head.
How it looks like:

Lensky was sincere in his songs. Aleksey, however, chose this role for himself only when it seemed necessary to him: “He decided that cold absent-mindedness, in any case, was most decent.”
Alexey-barin.“Surprisingly good,” Nastya says about him, “handsome, one might say. Slender, tall, blush all over his cheek ... ”He is“ used to not stand on ceremony ”with peasant women and yard girls” and behaves not like a gentleman, but like a spoiled barchuk.
Alexey son he knows well the disposition of his father, who, if he “takes it into his head, then, in the words of Taras Skotinin, you won’t even knock him out with a nail,” therefore, in a conversation with his father, he assumes the pose of a respectful son and prefers to look obedient to his father’s will, until he do not take for a living.
Alexei the Goettingen. In Germany, at the University of Göttingen, then the color of the Russian nobility studied. There they talked about philosophy, about freedom and enlightenment of the people, read progressive literature, thought about duty and honor. Alexei, starting to teach Akulina to read and write, was surprised: “Yes, our studies are going faster than according to the Lancaster system.” The Bell-Lancaster system of mutual learning, when older successful students (monitors) led classes with the rest of the students under the guidance of a teacher, has become known in Russia since 1818.
This system was considered progressive, and it was used by the Decembrists to spread literacy among the soldiers. Alexei's acquaintance with this system speaks of his connection with the advanced, educated nobility.
For the third lesson, Alexey brings Akulina “Natalia, the boyar daughter” by N. M. Karamzin. This is a historical idyll in a sentimental and romantic spirit - a story about two lovers, whose life is inextricably linked with the fate of the state. The books of N. M. Karamzin were hardly kept in the library of old Berestov. Karamzin was an entire era of Russian literature, an idol for young poets. The idea of ​​his work was "to elevate the dignity of man in our fatherland" ("Once upon a time there was a good king in the world").
Alexei ( main character"Natalya, the Boyar's Daughter" is also Aleksey) and Lisa are reading about the movements of the human heart. Liza may have already been familiar with the book and thought a lot about it, for her remarks "truly" astonish Alexei.
The subtext of the story is the connection between the relationship between Alexei and Akulina with the plot of “Poor Lisa” by Karamzin, where the nobleman Erast seduces the pure-hearted peasant woman Lisa. At some points, Erast seeks to go beyond the feudal morality of the society around him. Alexei finds satisfaction in the fact that his relationship with Akulina does not look like seduction, that he has never broken his word, that he is educating his beloved: “Akulina apparently got used to the best way of speaking, and her mind noticeably developed and formed.
Alexei is free to enter into any of his roles. Not a single mask has yet grown to him, he "... was a kind and ardent fellow and had a pure heart, capable of feeling the pleasures of innocence."
Aleksey appears to us sincere and amazed after his father's words about marriage. The state of shock passes, and during several subsequent remarks, Alexei is choosing a role, a variant of behavior. He has not yet fully emerged from the image of an obedient son and cannot justify his refusal, but in his room, thinking "about the limits of parental power", he makes an attempt to sort out his feelings and decides to explain himself to Muromsky and marry a peasant woman. And the feeling of satisfaction brings him not so much the idea as the very fact of making a decision. But the decision to marry a peasant woman is not subjected to the test of life, since the peasant woman turns out to be imaginary. The conflict with the father also loses its ground.
Why is Pushkin the psychologist showing us a string of Alexei's subpersonalities? Alexei is a hussar, a fashionable melancholic, a young gentleman, an obedient son, a kind fellow, an educated Goettingenian. To this list, one can also add the potential image of an official, a person in the civil service, about whom we know that he will not “jump headlong”.
In Alexei, there are potential beginnings of all the paths that the Russian nobility will follow in the future. Pushkin leaves the story's finale open: we don't know which road Alexey will take. We can safely say that "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman" is in fact a story filled with epochal life content. Putting this story at the end of the entire Belkin Tales cycle, Pushkin, as it were, asks the Russian society a question: where will we go? What will we be? What kind of life shall we make?
Few contemporaries understood the depth of the story, and the history of Russia became the answer to Pushkin's questions.

Image Liza Muromskaya

has always attracted researchers. Attention was drawn to the number of masks to be replaced: Lisa, Betsy, Akulina.
A masquerade is a place where everyone can show their essence without fear of being recognized. They participate in a masquerade in order to be able to be themselves, if circumstances Everyday life do not allow the realization of the human essence.
Alexey throughout the story does not change his appearance, but appears before us in different guises. Lisa, changing masks, does not change the main idea - the idea of ​​trusting and tender - feminine - love.
Lisa - noblewoman, but there is no aristocratic arrogance in it, as in Marya Kirilovna Troekurova. She talks with pleasure with Nastya, enters into the affairs and concerns of the village girls, knows how to speak the local dialect and does not consider it shameful for herself to put on a thick shirt and a sundress made of blue Chinese.
Lisa is an orphan. Mother will not help her with advice. The father, having hired Miss Jackson, believes that he did everything for her upbringing. Miss Jackson, in turn, does not bother her with her instructions. Thus, her life, like a river, flows whimsically and freely, not driven into the granite banks of secular conventions. She is a county young lady, but she does not blindly repeat the fashion of metropolitan magazines. The county news was too simple and vain, they could not occupy all of Liza's leisure time.
And Lisa read quite thoughtfully.
Among the stories of N. M. Karamzin, “Poor Lisa” enjoyed the greatest popularity. Pushkinskaya Liza knows this story quite well and completely agrees with the idea that "peasant women know how to love." Thinking of betrayed love and melodramatic doom poor Lisa, Liza Muromskaya wants to affirm justice, "to see the Tugilovsky landowner at the feet of the daughter of the Priluchinsky blacksmith." It was important that a woman triumph over a man, it was important that before love, unshakable class prejudices crumble to dust. “... Ways to please in a man depend on fashion, on a momentary opinion, and in women they are based on feeling and nature, which are eternal,” wrote A. S. Pushkin in “The Novel in Letters”.
Perhaps the issue of fidelity in love is especially painful for a man. As a girl in the capital, Liza saw a lot that she could comprehend, left alone with herself in Priluchino.
For Lisa, Alexei's loyalty to the peasant woman Akulina was very significant. She was smart, she saw real life, without powder and languid passion, and she wanted for her husband a man who would love her and remain faithful to her.
The first disguise was caused by natural female curiosity. Dressing up is a favorite technique of the comedy tradition. But curiosity is the main feature of a provincial girl. The second dressing was necessary to maintain the existing relationship. Thoughts about the morality of her meetings with Alexei disturbed her, but not for long: youth and love triumphed, Alexei and Akulina were quite happy today.
In our time, at the beginning of the XXI century, the ability to be happy is very rare. The reason for this is increased anxiety, uncertainty about the future, and as a result, a constant state of aggression. Aggression is incompatible with a state of happiness, that is, acceptance of the world as it is, awareness of oneself as part of this world. Happiness is integrity, harmony with oneself and the world. Few know this state now. It was available to Lisa and Alexei.
Liza, in conversations with Alexei, honestly tries to play the role of a peasant woman. She speaks the local dialect, but uses expressions that were inherent only in the speech of people of the nobility, sometimes she speaks as, according to N. M. Karamzin, a peasant woman should speak. “I don’t need an oath,” the imaginary Akulina repeats after poor Liza, the heroine of Karamzin. And just like Karamzin's Lisa, Akulina complains about her illiteracy.
A. S. Pushkin's contemporaries, who knew well the then few works of Russian literature, perfectly heard the author's hidden ironic polemics with sentimentalists regarding how the people should be portrayed.
Lisa at N.M. Karamzin says to Erast: “Ah, why can’t I read or write! You would notify me of everything that happens to you, and I would write to you - about my tears!
Pushkin’s Lisa is real and concrete: “However,” she said with a sigh, “even though the young lady may be funny, I’m still an illiterate fool in front of her.”
In the cycle "Tales of Belkin" A. S. Pushkin repeatedly refers to the issue of women's right to independent choice life path. At the time of Pushkin, there was no opportunity for a woman to get an education, only men were admitted to universities, although women had already proved that they were not mind-numbing. Princess E. R. Dashkova, Catherine II, and Pushkin’s heroine Lisa astound the Göttingen Alexei with the subtlety of his remarks!
Literature and art were dominated by men. The appearance of a woman in a public position was virtually impossible, and doing business ... It was impossible to even think about it!
The young lady had only one way, approved by society: to marry and become a mother.
The wedding of Lisa and Alexei, decided in advance by their fathers, turned out to be desirable for the children as well - a rare coincidence.
In The Young Lady-Peasant Woman, in subtle parody, in a fascinating masquerade, in the dynamics of the scenes, plots are hidden that could become the beginning of tragedies. If the enmity of the fathers had been ineradicable, the fathers would not have reconciled, a story would have arisen based on the great tragedy of W. Shakespeare, similar in plot to Dubrovsky. If young people did not have strong feelings for each other and their fathers would marry them by force, then plots similar to Leo Tolstoy's Anna Karenina would arise. If Aleksey turned out to be a seducer like Erast, and Akulina really was a peasant woman, then collisions would arise similar to Leo Tolstoy's Resurrection.
A. S. Pushkin masterfully completes the story, but the happy ending does not remove the question posed by N. M. Karamzin. From now on - and forever - Russian writers write about a Russian woman whose soul is based on love.
Another Pushkin's Lisa (Roman in Letters) writes to her friend about a common acquaintance: "Let him embroider new patterns on the old canvas and present us in a small frame a picture of the world and the people he knows so well." Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin embroidered new patterns on the old canvas in The Young Lady-Peasant Woman and presented a picture of the great world and the people whom he knew and loved so well in a small frame.