A gas heating boiler is a device that, by burning fuel (natural or liquefied gas), carries out heating of a heat carrier.

The device (design) of a gas boiler: burner, heat exchanger, heat-insulated housing, hydraulic unit, as well as safety and control devices. Such gas-fired boilers require the connection of a chimney for the removal of combustion products. The chimney can be either ordinary vertical or coaxial (“pipe in pipe”) for boilers with a closed combustion chamber. Many modern boilers are equipped with built-in pumps for forced circulation of water.

The principle of operation of a gas boiler   - the heat carrier passing through the heat exchanger is heated and then circulated through the heating system, transferring the received heat energy through radiators, underfloor heating, heated towel rails, as well as providing water heating in the indirect heating boiler (if it is connected to a gas boiler).

The heat exchanger - a metal tank in which the coolant is heated (water or antifreeze) - can be made of steel, cast iron, copper, etc. The reliability and durability of a gas boiler depend on the quality of the heat exchanger in the first place. Cast iron heat exchangers are resistant to corrosion and have a long service life, but are sensitive to sudden changes in temperature and are significant in weight. Steel tanks can suffer from rust, so their inner surfaces are protected with various anti-corrosion coatings, which ensure the extension of the "life" of the device. Steel heat exchangers are the most common in the manufacture of boilers. Corrosion is not a problem for copper heat exchangers, and due to the high heat transfer coefficient, low weight and dimensions, such heat exchangers are often used in wall-mounted boilers, but of the minuses it should be noted that they are more expensive than steel ones.
  In addition to the heat exchanger, an important detail of gas boilers is a burner, which can be of various types: atmospheric or fan, single-stage or two-stage, with smooth modulation, double.

To control a gas boiler, automation is used with various settings and functions (for example, weather-dependent control system), as well as devices for programming operation and remote control of the boiler.

The main technical characteristics of gas heating boilers are: power, number of heating circuits, type of fuel., Type of combustion chamber, type of burner, installation method, the presence of a pump and expansion tank, automatic boiler control.

To determine required power   gas heating boiler for a private country house or apartment, a simple formula is used - 1 kW of boiler power for heating 10 m 2 of a well-insulated room with a ceiling height of up to 3 m. If you need heating of the basement, glazed winter garden, rooms with non-standard ceilings, etc. gas boiler power should be increased. It is also necessary to increase the capacity (about 20-50%) while providing a gas boiler and hot water supply (especially if it is necessary to heat the water in the pool).

The peculiarity of calculating the power of gas boilers: the nominal gas pressure at which the boiler operates at 100% of the capacity declared by the manufacturer for most boilers is from 13 to 20 mbar, and the actual pressure in gas networks in Russia can be 10 mbar, and sometimes even lower . Accordingly, a gas boiler often only works for 2/3 of its capabilities and this must be taken into account when calculating. In more detail with the table for calculating the power of the heating boiler, you can

Most gas boilers can transfer from work from natural gas to liquefied gas   (balloon propane). Many models are switched to liquefied gas by the factory method (specify these model specifications when buying), or nozzles (nozzles) are additionally supplied to the gas boiler for switching to bottled gas.

Pros and cons of gas boilers:

Boiler piping   - These are devices for the full operation of the heating and water supply systems. It includes: pumps, expansion tanks, filters (if necessary), manifolds, check and safety valves, air valves, valves, etc. You will also need to purchase radiators, connecting pipes and valves, temperature regulators, a boiler, etc. The question of choosing a boiler is quite serious, therefore it is better to entrust the selection of equipment and its complete set to professionals.

Which boiler is the best? The Russian gas boiler equipment market has its leaders in quality and reliability. The best manufacturers and brands of gas boilers are presented in the range:

Premium Class or Suite   - the most reliable and durable, easy to manage, the kit is assembled as a "designer", more expensive than others. These manufacturers include German companies

The constant increase in energy prices is forcing people and organizations to save fuel. For efficient heating of buildings and structures, gas heating boilers are used, the gas flow in which is minimized through the use of special technologies. Non-volatile thermotechnical device, in addition to fuel economy, also provides high autonomy of the system.

The principle of operation of modern heating equipment

For the heating of individual residential buildings in the vast majority of cases, gas appliances are used. The main technical characteristic that is taken into account when selecting a device is profitability. It is possible to reduce the consumption of gaseous fuel only by increasing efficiency. Universal technological methods allow you to create the most economical devices to create comfortable conditions in the premises.

Important! Low consumption of natural or liquefied gas is achieved using an electronic control system - controllers.

The lowest gas flow rate is achieved using an electronic control system.

This circumstance allows you to adjust the fuel supply in the minimum amount necessary for intensive combustion. Gas boilers operate in the optimal mode for them, providing maximum efficiency. The valve controlling the air-gas mixture shuts off when the specified procedure is exceeded.

The coolant circulating in the heating system is gradually cooled to a certain limit by the automation. The valve opens and delivers the mixture into the chamber, which is ignited by a constantly working ignition device. Universal boilers operate continuously in such intermittent mode, providing a fairly quick heating of the coolant. The characteristic of a heat engineering device, showing specific fuel consumption, is decisive in modern conditions.

The procedure for calculating seasonal consumption

Universal boilers providing fast enough heating of the coolant.

The specific consumption of natural gas is indicated in the technical documentation and is expressed in cubic meters per hour. The maximum amount of fuel used during continuous operation of the heating system at home can be calculated by a simple formula. The product of the passport value of consumption per unit time by the number of hours in a day is the desired value. However, economical boilers in the continuous heating medium mode do not work.

For a more reliable estimate, correction factors are introduced. This characteristic of building heating modes is the ratio of the duration of the equipment to the full time of the heating season. According to statistics, this indicator is approximately one in two.

Thus, the nominal amount of fuel that a gas boiler consumes is approximately half the maximum.

Types of heat engineering devices

The classification of equipment used for heating buildings occurs on various grounds. One of the important indicators is the degree of its autonomy, according to this criterion the devices are divided into two categories:

1. non-volatile gas boiler works without connecting to an external network with natural coolant circulation;
2. volatile equipment is equipped with one or more electric pumps to ensure constant movement of water in the circuits.

Versatile and cost-effective devices are recommended for use in areas with unstable power supply. Such equipment does not turn off at significant voltage drops, which ensures the constancy of the temperature and humidity conditions in the premises.

Gas autonomous heating systems are widely used as universal and convenient equipment systems for heating buildings for various purposes. In our country, the energy independence of devices is a big plus. The state of the power system in many places does not allow to provide the necessary quality parameters of electric current.

The specifics of the use of autonomous equipment

Non-volatile gas heating boilers are suitable for small houses.

Non-volatile gas boiler is installed in accordance with the established rules. It must be located at the lowest point of the system, based on this position, mainly the use of an outdoor layout scheme. The natural gas consumption of such equipment is higher than that of devices with the same technical parameters.

Heating systems without forced circulation of the coolant operate at extremely low pressure. To reduce the resistance in the pipelines, their cross section increases, which increases the material consumption of the circuits. This entails a significant increase in the volume of coolant, which increases the inertia and consumption of liquefied or natural gas.

The best modern non-volatile heat engineering devices are able to provide the necessary parameters in small individual houses. They are highly reliable provided that the equipment and piping are accurately installed. It is possible to reduce the consumption of natural gas by warming the building envelope of the building from the outside or from the inside.

Advice! Floor-mounted non-volatile gas appliances with power up to 60 kW can be installed in common areas.

Mostly they are mounted in kitchens, while the height of the ceilings should be at least 2500 mm, and the total area of \u200b\u200bthe room - 15 square meters. Heating systems of greater power require separate boiler rooms for the installation of appliances.

Economical gas heating boilers are an effective way to equip a heating system.

A gas boiler, not equipped with electric pumps for circulating liquid in the circuits and fans for pumping air into the combustion chamber, has a slightly higher consumption of liquefied or natural gas. This limits the possibility of its use in buildings of large area and with large differences in elevation between the lower and upper points of the system.

The non-volatile gas boiler is good, first of all, for its high autonomy. The payment for this is the increased consumption of gaseous fuel and the large thermal inertia of the heating equipment.

Gas, as the main coolant, has long been used by many residents of the country. The use of gas boilers also allows you to organize a heating system in any private house.

These designs come in different modifications, which allows you to choose the best option for each house. In more detail about such systems, visit certain sites where not only the design of boilers is considered, but also the installation technology.

We warm the house

The amount of gas consumed by the boiler directly depends on how well the building holds heat. If the walls in it are thin, the windows have gaps, this will all lead to heat loss.

Therefore, the gas boiler will constantly work to maintain the desired temperature. To reduce this figure and save gas, you need to carefully insulate every corner of the building, from the supporting walls, to the ceiling and windows.

There are many options for insulation, and choosing the optimal one is allowed only in accordance with the specific parameters of the house.

All gas boilers operate on the principle of temperature difference. At a certain value, the boiler can independently turn on or off, while maintaining the desired indicator.

Gas consumption here directly depends on the temperature of the heat carrier set by you. If the house is large, this also directly increases this parameter. Reducing the gas flow in the boiler is only possible using additional systems that will regulate the temperature in the rooms.

For this, special temperature controllers are often mounted on them, allowing you to program the on and off of the boiler. These devices are very convenient, since using them you can reduce the temperature in the house when you are not. The device will only work to maintain the value you specified.

Also, the ventilation system can increase the flow rate, which is able to draw out hot air, forcing the gas boiler to work and waste gas.

A good option to reduce consumption is to lower the temperature by several degrees. So a person feels comfortable both at +20 and at +25, then why spend energy on heating these 5 degrees.

Reducing the gas flow in the boiler depends on the insulation of your building and the correct temperature control system in the room. This approach will significantly save on the consumption of this energy resource.

How to reduce gas consumption up to 40% legally we watch in the video:

Among the heating systems offered today, gas boilers are the most popular. This is explained not only by the cheapness of fuel, but also by the reliability of the boiler, its simplicity and ease of use.

What types of gas boilers are known

According to their parameters, gas boilers can be:

• Floor and wall
• Single-circuit and double-circuit
• With atmospheric and ventilation burner

What are the advantages of gas boilers:

• Floor standing boilers are convenient, reliable and durable. Their installation requires a sufficient amount of space in the room.
• Wall-mounted can be located in any free place on the wall.
• The boiler with one circuit is designed for heating. If there is a need for hot water, a boiler can be fitted to it as a set.
• The double-circuit boiler is the most popular, it gives out water for heating, and for use in the kitchen and in the shower. Indispensable for use in a country house and in the country.
• A gas boiler with an atmospheric burner has a fairly low noise level and can be installed near the living area. Its design is very simple, and the cost is quite affordable. An atmospheric burner requires constant gas pressure, with its frequent reduction, the boiler can quickly fail.
• If a ventilation burner is built-in, then due to loud noise, the best place for the boiler will be a basement or an extension to the house. Such a boiler has a large capacity, and is designed for both gas and liquid fuel. It is slightly more expensive than a boiler with an atmospheric burner.

How to calculate gas flow for a boiler

To find out how much “blue fuel” is needed to heat a house during the entire heating season, you must:

• Calculate gas consumption per day, taking as a constant that 1 kW can heat 10 sq.m. area of \u200b\u200bhousing. The area of \u200b\u200b100 square meters, respectively - 10 kW of gas per hour.
• For a day, gas consumption will be 10x24 \u003d 240 kW / 100sq.m.
• For a month - 240x30 \u003d 7200kW / 100 sq.m. In reality, the boiler is operated in half its capacity: 7200: 2 \u003d 3600 kW / 100 sq.m.
• For a 7-month heating season: 3600x7 \u003d 25200 kW / 100 sq.m. If the heating season is 5 months, then the calculation is as follows: 3600x5 \u003d 18000 kW / 100 sq.m. This calculates gas consumption for any number of months.
• Now you can calculate the cash costs for the entire heating season, respectively multiplying the number of kilowatts received by the cost of 1 kW.