The southernmost point of Latin America. The coordinates of the extreme points of South America

It would seem that from the moment that the Veste on the ship "Santa Maria" shouted: "Earth!", A lot of time passed. Today, the continent of South America no longer looks such mysterious as before. But this does not mean that his history and geography should not be interested. Although now on the history of the continent of the conversation will not be. We will simply understand how the extreme southern point of South America is called and what place is considered the northernmost on the mainland. And also tell about the western and eastern points of this continent.

Small confusion with oriental dot

The eastern point of the continent lies in Brazil. It was believed for a very long time that it was Cape Kabu Branka, that is, the White Cape. A beautiful lighthouse with a memorable sign was built here. Nearby, literally in eight kilometers, is the city of Zhuao-peso. Initially, the MOCU was given the name of San Augustine. The opening honor belongs to the Spanish team under the leadership of Diego Lepe. It happened in 1500, but for no hope, it was definitely definitely established that the neighboring Cape Seyshas was for the extreme eastern point.

Both points are near. The distance between them is about 500 m, in fact they are part of the territory of the nearby city (Zhuan-Pesoza). Seishas - a high rock, put forward to the sea. The height of this place is about 100 m. Around the sandy beaches.

South America is the fourth largest mainland not planet. In the east it is washed by the water of the Atlantic Ocean, in the West - quiet, and the north coast belongs Caribbean sea.. Consider the detailed extreme points of South America - the most wet continent on the globe.

Geographic coordinates of extreme points of the mainland South America

The area of \u200b\u200bthe mainland is 17.7 million square meters. km, but if you consider with all the adjacent islands, then this value is a little big - 18.28 million square meters. km.

The relief of the continent is very diverse and contrast. The East is dominated by platea, low-lying and sublime plains, and the Andes are located in the West. The highest point is Mount Akonkagua - it rises above sea level at 6959 m.

Fig. 1. Akonkagua

If the mainland spend a straight line from the southernmost point to the North, then this distance will be 7350 km. The length of the east coast to Western in the widest part of South America will leave just over 5 thousand km.

In degrees location extreme points Continent as follows:

Cape Galinas

The northernmost dot point of the mainland is located in Colombia at Cape Galinas, belonging to the Guahir Peninsula. This point in the north is very conditional, since the coastline is characterized by smooth outlines.

Cape Galinas is notable for the fact that near him is an ancient settlement of the indigenous inhabitants - the Indians of the Vaiy tribe. Despite all modern achievements, they continue to live, like their ancestors, observing the ancient traditions and rites.

Cape Froord

On the territory of Chile, on the small peninsula of Brunswick, there is an extreme southern point of the mainland.

For the first time, the name of the cape appeared in 1587 and in translating it means "wayward", "dismissed". So the cape famous Marine Pirate Thomas Cavendish, and this directly indicates the fact that medieval ships were quite difficult to pass by the cape.

Fig. 2. Cape Froord

In 1987, Cape Froord received his "difference sign" - the impressive sizes of the cross made of metal alloys.

Cape Parinas

In the West, the dot point of South America is Paragnas, belonging to Peru. It is a coastal ledge on which the lighthouse is located.

Parajas is a fairly secluded place: the nearest settlement is the distance of more than 5 km. But it is precisely because of this here you can observe in a natural habitat behind the seals who have chosen the neighboring bay.

Fig. 3. Cape Parinas

Cape Seyshas

With the definition of the extreme point in the East there was a small confusion. For a long time, geographers were confident that this is Cape Kabou-Branka, belonging to Brazil. As a memorable sign, a lighthouse was even built here. However, later, during more accurate measurements, it was recorded that the extreme point is located next door - it is Cape Seyshas.

Average rating: 4.5. Total ratings obtained: 120.

Uniting incredible historical events, civilization and. This place is the land of the ancient Incans, Great Amazonia, rare species of animals and tropical forests. The mainland is surrounded by the waters of the Atlantic and quiet, in which there are also hidden many unique and still uneasy. South America - who is given 4th place in size after Eurasia, and.

Extreme maintenance points of South America

North.Located at Cape Galinas, which is located on the Guahir Peninsula (12 ° 27 "31" northern latitude and 71 ° 40 "8" Western longitude).
South.Located on the peninsula Brunswick, Cape Froord (53 ° 53 "47" South latitude and 71 ° 40 "8" Western longitude).
Western. Located on Cape Pariñas in Peru (4 ° 40 "58" northern latitude and 81 ° 19 "43" Western longitude).
Eastern.Located on Cape Seyshas, \u200b\u200bBrazil (7 ° 9 "19" northern latitude and 34 ° 45 "35" Western longitude).

Extreme Island Dotions of South America

The northernmost point is located on the island of Santa Catalina (13 ° 23 "18" northern latitude and 81 ° 22 "25" Western longitude), which is part of the Colombian Department of San Andres and Providencia. The island is associated with the island of Providence through a pedestrian bridge with a length of 330 feet.
Aguil Island, Chile (56 ° 32 "16" southern latitude and 68 ° 43 "10" Western longitude) is the most southernmost point of the continent and is part of the group of Islands of Diego Ramirez. Aguil is located about 800 km from the nearest areas of Antarctic, such as Greenwich Island and South Shetland Islands. It is also just 950 km from Continental.
Darwin Island (01 ° 40 "44" northern latitude and 92 ° 00 "33" Western longitude), the smallest island in the Galapagos archipelago, can be viewed as the most Western point of South America. The island covers the area of \u200b\u200bonly 1 square. km, and the waters of the Pacific Ocean, surrounding the island, are replete wildlife.
Taking into account the island of Easter, the most western point of the South American continent can be considered the island of the Moto-Nui belonging to Chile. Island serve several types of seabirds. This is a volcanic island with a vertex located at an altitude of 2000 m above sea level.
Ilha Do Sul Island (20 ° 29 "50" southern latitude and 28 ° 50 "51" Western longitude) is considered the most extreme eastern island point of South America. It is located on the Archipelago of Trinda and Martin-You, who is part of Espirita Santa, Brazil. If the southern Sandwich islands take into account as part of the territory of South America, then as the easternmost point of the continent can be considered the island of Montagw (58 ° 30 "43" southern latitude and 26 ° 16 "7" Western longitude).

Extreme settlements of South America

In the north of the mainland, the most extreme permanent settlement has retained the originality and ancient traditions. This village of Wai, in which the Indian people with the same name live. A total of 100 people live in the village, and the total number of this people is not more than 300,000 people. In the south, the most extreme city - Punta Arenas, owned by Chile and speaking the administrative center of the commune of the same name. The city lives a little more than 130,000 people.

South America is the fourth in Square Continent. It is washed by the waters of the Pacific and Atlantic Ocean. On its territory there are 12 states where more than 387 million people live. In this article, we will look at the coordinates of the extreme points of South America and their names. Special attention will be paid to Cape Horn.

Historical summary

According to historical data, the South American Continent was opened by the Portuguese navigator Columbus, who mistakenly considered that India reached. The fact that this is a completely new mainland, previously unknown to the European Community, Amerigo Vespucci told. Due to the colonization, the local population was destroyed, and these lands were settled with conquisites. A little later, numerous states have grown on this territory.

Earlier, to get from the Atlantic Ocean in a quiet, navigators needed to go to the extreme southernmost point of South America. Here is the Strait of Drake, where these two giant reservoirs are connected. It was the only one sea Path Up until 1920. During this period, a Panaman canal was introduced into operation, located on the variety of the same name connecting Northern and South America. The extreme southern point has not become so attractive for navigation, since this route was much longer and more dangerous.

Northern Point

Cape Galinas is the northern tip of the mainland. It is located in the territory that belongs to the State of Colombia. Cape shore is washed by the waters of the Caribbean.

The extreme northern point of South America has such coordinates: 12 ° 27 's. sh. and 71 ° 39 's. d.

Western point

The western tip of the mainland is called Cape Parinas. She was opened by the Spaniards in 1527. Geographically, Cape belongs to Peru. The nearest settlement is closest to the extreme western point. It is located 5 km from Cape Parinaas, washed by the waters of the Pacific Ocean and has such coordinates: 4 ° 40 'Yu. sh. and 81 ° 20 's. d.

Eastern Point

The eastern tip of the mainland is located on the territory of Brazil. It has the name of Kabu Branka, which is translated from Portuguese as "White Cape". Not far from this place (8 km) is the city of Juan-Pesoa. The Diego Lepoye - the Spanish navigator, who arrived on the coast of South America in 1500, became the discoverer of Cape. There is a lighthouse and a memorable plate on which it is designated that this is the easternmost point of the continent. However, in our time, scientists have established that in fact this title belongs to the Seishas cape, which is located approximately at a distance of Polkilometer from Kabu Branka. The coordinates of the point - 7 ° 10' yu. sh. 34 ° 47' d.

Extreme South Point of South America

It is worth noting that there are several southern tips:

cape Froard;
Diego Ramirez;
cape Horn.

So what is the correct option? Let's start in order.

Cape Froard is the extreme southern point of South America, which is located directly on the mainland. Its coordinates - 53 ° 54 'Yu. sh. and 71 ° 18 's. D. She is on the peninsula Brunswick, which geographically belongs to the state of Chile. The cape is washed by the waters of Magellanov Strait. English Pirate T. Keavendish gave the caulation of this name in January 1587. Word forward translated from of English language As "unfavorable", "timely". The closest settlement is located at a distance of 40 km.

Another extreme point is the group of Islands of Diego Ramirez. They are located southwest Cape Gorn. The distance between these geographic objects is about 100 km. Based on these data, the Southern Island point can be considered the Rocky Island Aguil, which is part of the Diego Ramirez group.

Many people consider Cape Gorn the southernmost point. However, this is rooted incorrectly. To understand the question, you should carefully examine the map of the continent. In fact, the extreme southern point of South America - Cape Froard, located in Chile on the Brunswick peninsula. Island tip - Aguil (Diego Ramirez Group).

Nevertheless, Cape Horn himself and his story cause very great interest.

Cape Horn

The Fire Land Archipelago consists of a variety of islands, the most southern of which is the island of Horn. Quite often this group of islands is called "the edge of the world." From the mainland, they are separated by the Magellan Strait. The southernmost limit of the archipelago is considered to be Cape Horn. The group of the islands became part of National Park Cabo de Ornos.

If you calculate the distance from the southern tip of the archipelago to the coldest continent on Earth - Antarctica, it will be a little less than 800 km. In 2005, UNESCO proclaimed Cape Horn Natural heritage of mankind.

This place was open in 1616 by the Dutch navigators who were looking for new way Following in India. He headed the expedition to Villem Schautn from the town of Horn. Crossing the Strait of Magellan, the ships went around the rocky island, behind which the navigators opened endless Pacific Ocean. The head of the expedition decided to call him Hoorn - in honor of the Dutch city.

Bad reputation

Behind Cape Mountains fastened bad glory, as the route running past him, one of the most difficult. You could get from one ocean in the other until 1920, only bypassing the island of fiery land. The north path was even harder in terms of maneuvering. The only chance to get from the Atlantic in the Pacific Ocean is to overcome the Strait of Drake.

Weather conditions in this region are very unfavorable. Approximately 280 days a year there is rainy weather, cyclones are unpredictable. Western winds form a rapid flow. The islands of the archipelago the mouth of the flow narrows, because of what the largest rapids arise on the path. Due to mainland, ocean shafts are broken, which contributes to the formation of large waves, whose height reaches 18 meters.

Here is a huge cemetery of ships. Their death is associated with the harsh nature of these places. According to scientists, about a thousand ships have found their refuge here.

South America - Mainland, located in the Western Hemisphere of Our Planet. It intersects the equator line and divides this continent into two parts. One part (the largest) - refers to Southern hemisphere, and the second (smallest) - to the northern hemisphere.

The mainland ranks 4th among the continents on its area - 17,840,000 km². On its territory, including the adjacent islands, there are 15 states, three of which are dependent. By clicking on the link, you can see a detailed list of South America countries in the table with capitals and characteristics. The population is about 400 million people.

In the West, the continent is washes by the Pacific Ocean, in the East - the Atlantic Ocean, in the north - the Caribbean Sea, which is the frontier between North America and South America.

The extreme points of the mainland South America

Northern Point - Cape Galinkas is located in Colombia on the banks of the Caribbean.

South (Mainland) Point - Cape Froard is located in Chile on the Brunswick Peninsula on the shore of Magellanov Strait.

South (Island) point - Diego - Ramirez - the southernmost point of America and Chile, which consists of a group of islands that occupy the area of \u200b\u200ba little more than one square kilometer.

Western point - Cape Parigas is in Peru.

The eastern point is Cape Kabu - Brranka, located in Brazil.

Relief South America

Mainland South America on relief is divided into the mountain west and the plain east.

The Atakama desert is located on the territory of Chile and is the most arid place on our land. There are such places in the desert, where the rain falls once in a few decades. Here is the lowest air humidity. From vegetation there are only cacti and acacia.

The western part of the continent consists of a mining system of the Andes, stretching through seven states of South America, and the eastern plains. In the north there is a 1930 km long, 1930 km long and a height - from 300 - 1000m.

In the east, the mainland is a Brazilian Highlands, the area of \u200b\u200babout 4 million km2. 95% of Brazil's population lives here. The highest point of this highland is Mount - Bandeira. Her height is 2897 meters. Because of the huge natural diversity, the Brazilian Highlands shall be divided into the three parts: the Atlantic, central and southern plateau.

The south of the Brazilian Highlands is Laplat lowland, in which states such as Paraguay and Uruguay are located, the northern part of Argentina, the southern part of Brazil and South-East of Bolivia. The lowland area of \u200b\u200bmore than 3 million km2.

Amazon lowland - lowland, occupying area over 5 million km2. It is the most huge lowland on our planet.

Climate of South America

In South America, 6 climatic belts: the Northern and South Sub Escavatorial Belt, Equatorial, Tropical, Subtropical and Moderate Belt.

The climate of South America is largely subequatorial and tropical, in which dry and wet seasons are clearly expressed. Equatorial wet climate is characteristic only for Amazonian lowland. In the south of the continent, a subtropical and moderate climate prevails. In the northern plains Temperature all year round 20-28 degrees. In the heights with a height temperature drops. Even frosts are possible. In the Brazilian plateore, the temperature in the winter can decrease to 10 degrees, and on the Patagonia plateau to zero degrees.

River South America systems.

The mainland is located the following river systems: Parana, Orinoco, Amazon, Paraguay, Uruguay.

Amazon - the world's largest river in the area of \u200b\u200bthe pool (7180 thousand km²), formed by the merge of the River Ukyali and Maranyon. It is considered one of the seven natural wonders of the world. Brazil owned most of the pool. It proceeds mainly on the Amazon lowland and flows into the Atlantic Ocean.

Parana is the second river in length on this continent, flowing in the southern part of the continent. Proceeds through the territory of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay. Just like the Amazon falls into the Atlantic Ocean.

Paraguay - River, is the right influx of Parana. It divides the Republic of Paraguay to the North and South Paraguay, as well as in the southern part of its part is the state border between Paraguay and Argentina.

Uruguay is a river, originating in Brazil and the confluence of Canas and Pelotas rivers. He is the border between Brazil and Uruguay. Her river system is the main source of water supply of the country. The largest hydroelectric power station is located here.

Orinoco - River flowing through Venezuela and flowing into the Atlantic Ocean. Her feature is the splitness of the river. From her, the Kasikiaar River is separated, which flows into the Rio River - Negra. This river carries out a white river dolphin or Amazonian and one of the largest - orincionic crocodile.

Lake South America

Maracaibo (translated "Earth Mary") - a large lake with saltwaten water, located in Venezuela. The depth of this lake is significantly different in the southern and northern parts. North - small, and South reaches (by different sources) From 50 - 250 meters. This lake is also one of the oldest lakes.

Titicaca (Titi - Puma, Kaka - Rock) - the largest lake on freshwater reserves and second in the area after Maracaibo. More than three hundred rivers falls into this lake. It is shipping. Archaeological studies show that at the bottom of the lake is the city of Vanaka.

Pathos - Lake, located on the coast in Brazil. Its length is 280 km, and width is 70 km. From the ocean it separates the sandy braid width of 8 km. It is located large hydropower plants. Salt, fish and oil are produced here.

Flora World of South America

Thanks to the warm climate and a huge amount of precipitation - the world of plants in South America is very diverse. For each climatic zone is characterized by its flora. Large square is occupied by the jungle, which are located in a tropical belt. Here we grow: a chocolate and melon tree - papaya, rubber trees, various palm trees, orchids.

South jungle in Equatorial forests grow deciduous and evergreen plants. It grows such a tree as Queberaho, having very durable wood. In the subtropical zone you can find lianas and cacti. Further, moving to the south, there is a zone of steppes where the nick is growing and different herbs. Behind this zone begin the deserts and semi-deserts, where dry shrubs grow.

Animal World of South America

The animal world of the mainland is also diverse as vegetable. Monkeys, sloths, jaguar, amusements, parrots, hummingbirds, tucanis and many other animals live in the tropics. Crocodiles, anaconda, piranhas, rodent - copyibar, river dolphins are found in Amazonian Selver. Only here you can meet a wild cat - Ocelot, similar to the leopard. In the savannah dwell: armor, pigs - bakers, spectacle bear, ostriches, pummas, fox and grivy wolf. In the zone of the plains they live: deer, Lama, Pampas Cat. Only in South America can be found deer - PUD, only 30-40 cm high in the Galapagos Islands owned by South America, huge turtles live.