Pregnancy is not always desirable for a woman. For various reasons, social and medical, it becomes necessary to interrupt the gestation of the fetus. The safest type of abortion is medical. pills for pregnancy early dates lead to the death of the embryo and its expulsion from the uterine cavity.

Mifepristone

A drug with the same active substance. Synthetic steroid antiprogestogen. Blocks at the receptor level. Stimulates the contraction of the myometrium, increases its susceptibility to prostaglandin. It leads to desquamation of the inner lining of the uterus and the release of the fetal egg.

Contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to components, adrenal insufficiency, porphyria, fibroids and scars on the uterus, inflammatory diseases of the genital area, severe extragenital pathology, hemostasis disorders and anemia.

Mifepristone tablets in the early stages should not be taken with an ectopic pregnancy, as well as smoking women over 35 years of age. The consequences can be pain in the lower abdomen, bleeding, exacerbation of infectious and inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs.

Pencrofton

The active ingredient of the drug is mifepristone. It blocks the activity of progesterone, a hormone that promotes embryo implantation. In addition, it enhances myometrial contractions and its sensitivity to prostaglandins. As a result, desquamation of the uterine mucosa occurs after the fetal egg is fixed on it.

With the correct use of Pencrofton, its effectiveness reaches 96%, and it does not lead to secondary. But these pills have many contraindications: smoking and age over 35 years, ectopic pregnancy, the presence of a spiral, hemorrhagic disorders, inflammation in the genitals, etc.

After taking it, the temperature may rise, bleeding, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, severe pain in the lower abdomen, and increased inflammation in the uterus may develop.

Cytotec

The active ingredient is misoprostol. The drug is a synthetic analogue of prostaglandin E. The main indication for its administration is gastric ulcer. Cytotec protects the cells of the mucous membrane, increases the formation of mucus in the stomach. Misoprostol suppresses the secretion of gastric juice, reduces the production of pepsin.

In combination with drugs based on mifepristone, Cytotec is used to terminate pregnancy in the early stages. It enhances the contraction of the muscular layer of the uterus, expands the cervix.

Contraindicated in severe liver failure, hypersensitivity to the components. Able to provoke abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, flatulence, diarrhea, skin rash. In rare cases, seizures develop.

Mytholian

The active ingredient of the drug is mifepristone. It blocks progesterone at the receptor level, increases the contraction of the muscular layer of the uterus, increases its sensitivity to prostaglandins. As a result of this, desquamation of the uterine mucosa and the release of the fetal egg occur. Also, the drug inhibits the process of ovulation, changes the endometrium and does not allow the fertilized egg to attach to the wall of the uterus.

This remedy is contraindicated for anemia, taking glucocorticosteroids, adrenal, hepatic and renal insufficiency, fibroids and scars on the uterus, hemostasis disorders, porphyria, severe extragenital pathology and hypersensitivity to the components. After using Mifolian, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, pain in the lower abdomen, bleeding, and weakness may occur.

Taking early pregnancy pills is called medical abortion. It is carried out up to 6-7 weeks if there are medical or social indications for interruption, as well as at the request of the woman. The procedure is performed only after diagnosis: establishing the fact of pregnancy and its duration, confirming the uterine location of the fetal egg.

The pills are taken in a hospital under the supervision of a doctor, since the development of bleeding and other adverse reactions is not excluded. Abortion drugs include Postinor, Mifepristone and its analogues (Pencrofton, Mifolian, etc.). For greater efficiency, the drugs of the last group are used in combination with Cytotec, a synthetic analogue of prostaglandin E1.

Useful video about early abortion pills

Abortion pills are a modern way to terminate a pregnancy without surgery in the early stages. These drugs contain mifepristone, a special substance that blocks the release of the hormone progesterone. After taking the abortion pill, there is a decrease in the hormone progesterone, which is necessary for the normal development of pregnancy. The muscles of the cervix relax, peeling of the uterine mucosa begins, which may be accompanied by bleeding. The second component, misoprostol, provokes uterine contractions. As a result of the increased work of the muscles of the uterus, the fetal egg is excreted. As a result, pregnancy is terminated within 5-6 hours. The effectiveness of abortion pills is 95-98% according to statistics. This is only slightly less than the effectiveness of surgical abortion.

Disadvantages of pill abortion:

• Bleeding may occur.
• Infection may occur (very rarely).
• In 2-3% of cases, the procedure is not so successful.
• Abortion pills may not work right away.

mifepristone tablets

Mifepristone is an antiprogesterone drug for medical termination of pregnancy in the early stages, without instrumental intervention in the uterine cavity, which significantly reduces the possibility of developing complications of abortion, often leading to infertility. Synthetic steroid antiprogestogen (blocks the action of progesterone at the level of progestogen receptors), does not have progestogenic activity.

Pencrofton tablets

Pencrofton contains mifepristone, an antiprogesterone component that binds to receptors and blocks the activity of progesterone. As a result, the effects of progesterone are not realized, and pregnancy cannot be maintained in such conditions of hormonal imbalance. No gestagenic activity was found. The drug enhances the contractility of the myometrium, provokes desquamation of the decidua. As a result, the fetal egg is excreted.

Tablets Mifegin

Mifegin tablets for abortion is a drug for medical termination of uterine pregnancy for up to 42 days and for the preparation and initiation of labor in case of a full-term pregnancy in the presence of problems with the fetus. Thus, Mifegin is

Mifolian tablets

Mifolian is a drug for medical termination of pregnancy. The action of the drug Mifolian is due to its main component - Mifepristone. It causes the exfoliation of the germinal membranes from the uterine wall and the expulsion of the fetal egg. This happens as a result of blocking the receptors of the hormone progesterone, which is designed to support the pregnancy process in the body.

pills after abortion

It is difficult for a woman who has undergone an artificial termination of pregnancy (abortion) to quickly restore her psychological and physiological health. Whatever heights medicine has reached, the intrusion into the natural processes of nature always entails negative consequences. Therefore, abortion is still a source of various complications and diseases. For their prevention, doctors prescribe women the necessary medications after an abortion.

For each woman, the process of rehabilitation after an abortion is individual, just like any organism is individual. Therefore, we immediately make a reservation that only a specialist can prescribe pills after an abortion. In no case should you self-medicate. What helped one woman, another can not only be useless, but also cause serious harm to her body.

Abortion pills timing

There are clear deadlines for abortion pills. Their use in the later stages of pregnancy is ineffective and is associated with a number of serious complications. The official maximum period for medical abortion is 42 days, counting from the first day of the last menstrual period. There is enough evidence in the world that abortion pills are effective for terminating pregnancies up to 63 days of amenorrhea. The most optimal is the early use of these drugs. At a gestational age of 4-6 weeks, an abortion is performed on an outpatient basis, that is, without hospitalization. If the doctor decides to use abortion pills to terminate the pregnancy at a later date, then the procedure is carried out in a gynecological hospital. Until when do abortion pills have the maximum safety and efficacy profile? Any specialist will confirm that it is optimal to use this method of terminating a pregnancy up to 6 weeks. This means that, only after learning about pregnancy and deciding to have an abortion, a woman should immediately seek medical help. Medical abortion is carried out on a paid basis in public and private clinics that have the appropriate license. It is dangerous to take abortion pills on your own at any stage of pregnancy.

Consequences after taking abortion pills

The consequences of medical abortion are less dangerous than surgical ones, but in the absence of qualified assistance, they can lead to infertility and even death. It is not difficult to take pills, however, despite the external simplicity of the procedure, it causes serious changes in the body: a large dose of hormones affects the reproductive system, disrupts the natural processes of preparing for bearing a fetus.

Headaches, irregular menstruation, difficulty conceiving - these are the main complaints of women after medical abortion. The risk of complications is less and the effectiveness of the interruption procedure is higher when it is carried out by a qualified specialist who is able to accurately calculate the dosage of drugs.

Features of abortion pills

At the first visit to the gynecologist, the pregnant woman is assigned an ultrasound to find out exactly about the gestational age. Tablets can be taken if the period is not more than 8 weeks, in other cases the procedure is prohibited.

The doctor tells in detail how to take the pills, how effective they are, and also warns about side effects so that the woman is guided. The first tablet is taken directly from the gynecologist, and the second - at home on the second day. If a single dose of misoprostol did not lead to a miscarriage, you need to go to the doctor again, he will recommend what to do.

Procedure steps

Before prescribing pills for medical termination of pregnancy, the specialist conducts a complete gynecological examination of the patient. In addition, laboratory tests, ultrasound to clarify the term, consultations of narrow specialists will be assigned.

What pills can be used to terminate a pregnancy, in what combinations they will be used - the choice of a doctor only. It will take into account laboratory data, comorbidities, and the age of the patient.

After that, the doctor writes a prescription for pills, and the woman signs a document in which she expresses her consent to the procedure.

The patient takes pregnancy pills and is under medical supervision for four hours. If the health is good, the doctor will let the patient go home. Within a few days, the muscles of the uterus will begin to reject the fetal egg, and profuse bleeding will begin with moderate cramping and throbbing pains. As prescribed by the doctor, the patient is allowed to take analgesics.

Against the background of medical interruption, the patient may feel a headache with dizziness and weakness. Usually these symptoms go away on their own and do not require additional medical intervention.

By the end of the third week after the procedure, the gynecologist appoints a second examination of the patient. If an ultrasound scan reveals the remains of a fetal egg in the uterus, the doctor will prescribe vacuum aspiration or curettage. In very rare, severe cases, the doctor decides to perform an open operation.

Unfortunately, today, in the century high speeds when life around is in full swing, not every pregnancy becomes desired and planned. Often the news stuns a woman like a bolt from the blue, and thoughts about an abortion appear. Can't say it's the best way out difficult situation, but sometimes circumstances develop in such a way that it’s impossible to do otherwise.

Abortion is an artificial termination of pregnancy made at the request of a woman. There are four types of such intervention: medical abortion, mini-abortion, medical abortion, late abortion (filling).

The most popular among the female population of our country is medical abortion, which is performed up to 6 weeks of pregnancy.

Such an intervention does not require the woman to be in the hospital. It is only necessary to undergo mandatory examinations and procedures (ultrasound, tests). But this method seems simple only at first glance, such a procedure requires a serious approach, since here there are pitfalls.

Types of abortion pills

Before deciding to have a medical abortion, you should learn about all the nuances of the procedure. To begin with, you should familiarize yourself with the most common and reliable drugs that are used to get rid of an unwanted pregnancy.

• Postinor

This drug is used for emergency contraception. As a rule, women choose Postinor to protect themselves from unwanted pregnancy if unprotected intercourse has occurred. The active ingredient of the drug is levonorgestre. Unfortunately, these pills do not give a 100% result of abortion, the desired effect can only be achieved in 80-85% of cases. The use of this drug is permissible no later than 74 hours after unprotected intercourse. In total, you need to take two tablets. The interval between their reception should be 12 hours. After using Postinor, it is imperative to visit a gynecologist.

• Mifegin

French highly effective drug for getting rid of pregnancy. The drug is allowed up to 6 weeks. When taken during the specified period, the effectiveness is about 100%.

• Pencrofton

Pills are used both for emergency contraception and for short-term termination of pregnancy. The active ingredient is mifepristone. When taking these tablets, the development secondary infertility unlikely, therefore this drug is suitable for women who have a first pregnancy.

• Mifepristone

The composition of this tool contains the same hormonal substance. This active ingredient contributes to the detachment of the fetal egg from the walls of the uterus and its further removal. The drug is effective for up to 6 weeks.

• Mytholian

This drug is used not only to terminate a pregnancy, but also in cases where it becomes necessary to speed up the natural process of childbirth.

• Mifeprex

High efficiency and good tolerability of the drug, as expected, made it one of the most popular among the female population. You can terminate a pregnancy with Mifeprex for up to 42 days. Women may have spotting for a few days after taking this drug.

Best Abortion Pills

In many countries, medical abortion is the most common method of terminating a pregnancy. WHO recommends two types of medical abortion: misoprostol or a combination of mifepristone and misoprostol. These medicines proved to be the most effective and relatively safe drugs for abortion.

Mifepristone was originally called RU-486; in pharmacy chains it is sold under various trade names (Cytotec, etc.). The drug causes spasmodic contractions of the uterus, similar to those that occur during menstruation. As a result, the fetus is expelled from the uterine cavity. Mifepristone in combination with misoprostol is used for up to 9 to 12 weeks. In 95 - 98% of cases, a complete termination of pregnancy occurs. That is, out of 100 women who decide on this method of abortion, only 2-5 will have to resort to a surgical method to complete the abortion.

In some countries, the combination "mifepristone + misoprostol" is used during the second trimester of pregnancy, but in Russia the use this method for late abortions has not yet been approved.

After taking the drugs, a woman should stay in a medical facility for a while so that medical workers can monitor her condition.

Only misoprostol is used in areas where mifepristone is difficult to obtain. This procedure is more painful and takes much longer. The reception efficiency is 83-90%. Termination of pregnancy occurs within a day after taking the drug.

The effect of abortion pills

For medical abortions, special drugs are used that are not commercially available. Their action first leads to the death of the embryo, then to an increase in uterine contractions and the expulsion of the fetus from the uterine cavity.

The procedure is carried out in three stages:

• – examinations, testing, ultrasound, manual examination; familiarization with the procedure and obtaining final consent from the pregnant woman;
• - taking pills; stay under the supervision of medical staff; expulsion of the fetal egg, accompanied by bleeding similar to menstruation;
• - control examination (two weeks after the abortion).

In rare cases, if the fetal egg was not completely expelled from the uterus, curettage may be required. A gynecological examination will eliminate the presence of all kinds of complications, which sometimes occur in a latent form.

Termination of pregnancy with pills: side effects

Like any other medical intervention, medical abortion has side effects. Most of the consequences arise as a result of a woman's negligent attitude to her health.

• Many pregnant women experience quite unpleasant sensations after a miscarriage: headache, dizziness, weakness, nausea. Such conditions, as a rule, do not require medical intervention and soon pass.
• Sometimes a woman has an allergic reaction, which is a reddish rash on the skin. In this case, in order to reduce discomfort, the doctor may prescribe antiallergic drugs.
• There is a minimal risk that a miscarriage will not occur and the pregnancy will continue to develop. In this case, it will be necessary to apply another method of getting rid of an unwanted pregnancy, because even if a woman informs this child, it is likely that he will be born with all sorts of deviations.
• If an incomplete abortion occurs, that is, the remains of the fetal egg remain in the uterus, the doctor will notice this during the follow-up examination and inform the patient about the need for a curettage procedure.
• The longer the gestation period, the more likely it becomes the occurrence of adverse reactions. When carrying out a medical abortion at a later date, bleeding will be quite abundant and prolonged.
• If a small remnant of the placenta remains in the uterus and it goes unnoticed on ultrasound, there is a high probability of infectious complications that require the use of special broad-spectrum antibiotics and agents that can cause uterine contractions.
• After a medical abortion, severe bleeding may develop. This becomes the reason for drug treatment aimed at stopping blood loss. If the effect of taking the drugs is absent, then the cleaning of the uterine cavity is carried out under anesthesia. You may need open surgery on the uterus or even its removal.

Termination of pregnancy is a rather serious process, therefore, in order to minimize possible risks, you should not rely on your own strength and conduct a medical abortion at home. At any time, a woman may need medical attention.

Are there safe abortion pills?

The existence of completely harmless abortion pills is a myth. With medical abortion, the female body is exposed to, perhaps, no less, and sometimes even more stress than when using other methods. Women choose pills to get rid of unwanted pregnancy for several main reasons:

• the process can be completed at home;
• lack of anesthesia;
• "naturalness" of this process;
• the ability to control the situation, etc.

But like any other type of abortion, getting rid of pregnancy with medication can be a fatal mistake and lead to disastrous consequences.

Majority modern girls and women are quite well versed in matters and know its basic methods. Among which, by the way, there are frankly outdated and completely irrelevant. For example, the calendar method, when an approximate day is calculated ovulation or the withdrawal method.

In accordance with the scale used to assess the effectiveness of contraceptive methods ( pearl index ), the methods mentioned above are extremely inefficient. The Pearl Index for them is set at 25-40 and 18-27 points, respectively. For comparison, the barrier method of contraception, which uses condoms, and some other methods, gain 2-3 points on this scale.

It is believed that the lower the Pearl index, the higher the protection against unplanned. Perhaps, among all methods of contraception used to prevent pregnancy, the most effective are birth control pills ( , also known as COOK) , as well as some hormonal drugs, for example, injections or intrauterine devices.

Of course, pregnancy pills also have their drawbacks, however, according to experts, the advantages of such contraception more than cover all its negative aspects. Perhaps the main difficulty faced by women using contraceptive pills is the need for a constant, in other words, daily intake of these drugs.

Otherwise, if you skip the next pill, the risk of getting pregnant after intercourse, in which, for example, barrier methods of contraception were not used, increases dramatically. What to do in such a situation and what to drink so as not to get pregnant? There is only one correct answer to these questions - emergency contraceptives .

In medicine, this term is called postcoital , i.e. emergency, fire or emergency contraception. This method is effective after unprotected intercourse. In addition, emergency contraceptives will help to avoid pregnancy when taking contraceptive pills on an ongoing basis in the event that a woman was unable or forgot to take the medicine more than twice in a row.

All in all, emergency contraceptive pills use if and only if the main method of protection against unwanted conception has failed. Moreover, it is necessary to have time to take such contraceptive pills after the act within 72 hours. Otherwise, even these emergency contraceptive pills, specially designed for such situations, will not help to avoid unwanted pregnancies.

It is important to emphasize that, in accordance with the recommendations of the World Health Organization (hereinafter referred to as WHO), emergency contraceptives after unprotected intercourse should not be used by women on a regular basis. Since the hormonal compounds that make up such drugs can adversely affect not only reproductive function, but also the entire body as a whole.

Emergency contraceptives are a more benign alternative. surgical termination of pregnancy . But, like all drugs, they should be taken correctly and not abused.

Before we move on to a more detailed discussion of emergency contraceptive pills and talk about how such drugs affect the body, it is worth dwelling on some of the main issues related to the conception process. In order to better understand the mechanism of action on the female body of anti-pregnancy pills in the future.

So, for the onset of pregnancy must occur. This is the fusion of sex cells of partners (male spermatozoa and women's eggs ), resulting in the formation of cells zygotes (a diploid cell capable of "spawning" another cell). By itself, sexual intercourse cannot be associated with the act of fertilization. Since not every contact between a man and a woman is made for the purpose of procreation.

During unprotected intercourse, a man's sperm naturally enters the woman's vagina. It is noteworthy that the environment female body detrimental to spermatozoa. This is due high level acidity in the vagina. Therefore, after ejaculation, the vast majority of spermatozoa die. However, their most mobile part still penetrates into uterus and can lead to fertilization. How long can you get pregnant after unprotected intercourse?

To answer this question, you need to understand that for conception, as they say, “stars must converge”, namely:

• it is during this period that a woman should ovulate, this phenomenon is characterized by the state of egg maturity. If for some reason at break follicle the ovum has not been released fallopian tube or has not reached its maturity, fertilization will not occur;
• male spermatozoa must be strong and mobile enough to overcome the acidic environment of the vagina and penetrate the structure of the egg;
• when the spermatozoon and the egg are connected, the process of division of the fetal egg should start;
• implantation of the fetal egg should occur, in the process of its division into the walls of the uterus.

The entire fertilization process takes about seven days. It is during this period of time that the formation embryo , which with the help chorion (predecessor placenta ) is fixed in the uterus, where it grows and develops over the next nine months. It is important to emphasize that it is not rare that emergency contraceptive pills are not dangerous for conception.

This means that even if you follow all the rules for using emergency contraceptive pills after intercourse (for example, they must be taken after a maximum of 72 hours in order not to become pregnant), fertilization can still occur. Of course, such cases are not the majority, and they are more likely to be exceptions. However, the probability of "flight", as people call an unwanted pregnancy, is always there, even if conventional contraceptives are used.

Pills from unwanted pregnancy after the act are divided into two main categories:

• next day pills , i.e. drugs that are best taken in the next 24 hours after unprotected contact. In fact, a woman has a maximum of 72 hours for pregnancy pills to work and help avoid fertilization;
• COC or (so-called Yuzpe method ).

As for oral contraceptives related to COCs or drugs from the mini-pill series, this is inherently not emergency contraception. After all, birth control pills need to be taken constantly. However, there are varieties of such drugs that can be used as pills so as not to become pregnant after an act that is not protected by any means of contraception.

As a rule, an increased dosage of birth control pills containing hormones or antihormones is used for these purposes. Also, the methods of emergency contraception include the installation within 120 hours after unprotected intercourse intrauterine device .

For pregnancy, emergency contraceptive pills are dangerous because they contain in their chemical composition substances that prevent the onset of fertilization. The main active compounds in pills against pregnancy after an unprotected intercourse can be either, or antihormones .

The first compounds are biologically active substances that belong to proteins or steroids and are produced by organs or tissues of a living organism. Hormones are transported through the bloodstream from organ to organ and are responsible for the physiological activity of the body, for example, for its development and growth, metabolism, and so on.

As the name suggests antihormones These are compounds that act opposite to hormones. They suppress hormonal activity in the body.

It is noteworthy that antihormones, by their nature, having an exogenous or endogenous origin, are often structural analogues of the hormones they suppress.

So, before you ask yourself what kind of emergency contraceptive pill to drink so as not to get pregnant, you should remember that this type of drug may contain:

• , i.e. synthetic progestin (steroid female sex hormone), found in drugs such as: , Tetragynon ;
• mifepristone , i.e. Synthetic antiprogestin (antihormone), found in contraceptives such as: , Renomelan, Agesta, .

Preparations based on levonorgestrel

First, let's talk about how it works. levonorgestrel and preparations containing it. So, abortion pills related to emergency contraception after the first dose:

• immediately affect the chemical composition of mucus endocervix (cervical canal of the cervix) , also increasing its viscosity, thus slowing down the process of sperm penetration into the fallopian tube;
• act on the ovaries, preventing the release of a mature egg from the main follicle (provided that tablets are taken before ovulation), suppressing gonadotropic hormones, which ultimately blocks or delays the process of ovulation;
• prevent the implantation of an egg fertilized by a spermatozoon into the uterine walls for the further development of the embryo and the formation of a “children's” place. In order for fertilization to fail, levonorgestrel not only changes the structure of the endometrium, thereby preventing it from entering the secretory phase, without which ovulation does not occur, but also affects uterine (fallopian) tubes. As a result, the number of their contractions is significantly reduced, which leads to the impossibility of getting a fertilized egg into the uterine cavity.

It is important to emphasize that drinking the above drugs, which include levonorgestrel should only be taken after consulting a doctor. In addition, you should definitely read the instructions that come with the tablets. The thing is that these contraceptives contain huge doses of hormones.

After taking them, a hormonal imbalance occurs in the female body, the consequences of which can be unpredictable. Therefore, experts refer to such contraceptive methods as “disposable” means, which are highly recommended not to be used more than 4 times a year. In addition, it is strictly forbidden to use such emergency contraceptive drugs more than once per menstrual cycle.

emergency contraceptive pills (they are also called "next day pills" because of the specifics of taking) - this is an effective, but rather controversial method of protection against an unplanned pregnancy. Doctors say that after a single intake of such drugs, serious changes occur in the body, so it takes time to fully restore the functions of the woman's reproductive system.

Mifepristone-based preparations

What can be said about the second group of emergency contraceptive drugs containing an antihormone mifepristone – they work in much the same way as levonorgestrel-containing birth control pills, i.e. also:

• inhibit the process of ovulation;
• change the structure of the endometrium, which leads to the impossibility of fixing a fertilized egg on the uterine walls;
• strengthen uterine contractions, due to such hyperreactivity, the fertilized egg is “expelled” from the uterine cavity.

It is worth noting that to protect against unwanted pregnancy after unprotected intercourse, you can also use non-hormonal drugs e.g. vaginal suppositories containing nonoxynol (Steridil,) or ( , ). The above drugs do not only apply to methods of express contraception, since they have a spermicidal effect, the scope of their application is much wider, due to their anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal abilities.

The above names of pills from pregnancy after an act unprotected by any means of contraception are far from all. Currently, every pharmacy has a good choice such drugs. You can find out about the names of emergency contraceptive pills directly from the pharmacy pharmacist, but it is better to contact your doctor with these questions. After all, any medicines (and contraceptives are no exception to this rule) have their own contraindications and side effects.

This is especially true for women with GW (breastfeeding) or suffering from certain diseases in which large doses of hormones or antihormones can be fatal. Let there be no unambiguous answer to the question of whether birth control pills related to postcoital contraception are harmful, since what will be good and effective for some may turn into big health problems for others, not a single woman should use this method of solving the problem of unwanted pregnancy without prior medical advice.

Only a specialist will be able, firstly, to choose the right drug, taking into account all individual characteristics female patients ( a common person can simply get lost in the names of pills that say nothing about the composition, contraindications or side effects after an unprotected act). And, secondly, it is the doctor who will tell you how to take emergency contraceptives correctly so as not to harm your body and achieve the desired result.

There are several basic rules for taking postcoital contraception drugs:

• It is necessary to strictly adhere to the period of use of such drugs. The vast majority of pills should be taken within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse. Many people have a question, how many days are 72 hours? It is well known that in one day or in one day there are 24 hours, therefore, 72 hours are three days or three days. It is believed that the first pill of emergency contraception should be drunk as early as possible, while the second - optimally 12 hours after the first or a maximum of 16 hours. It is important to emphasize that the effectiveness of tablets depends directly on the period of their administration. It is believed that drugs levonorgestrel most effective within 24 hours after intercourse (95% effective). When taken after 48 hours, the effectiveness is reduced to 85%, and after 72 hours - up to 58%. Containing mifepristone tablets are also taken no later than 72 hours from the moment of contact.
• It is important to adhere to the dosage indicated in the instructions for the drugs or prescribed by the doctor. As mentioned above, emergency contraceptive pills are taken twice after a certain period of time, for example, Postinor . However, this rule is not true for all drugs. Eskinor F or Escapelle (contain levonorgestrel ) And Jenale , Ginepriston, (contain mifepristone ) drink one tablet within 72 hours of sexual intercourse.
• It is strictly forbidden to independently adjust the dosage of birth control pills. This may lead to the development side effects, as well as provoke serious negative consequences ( bleeding, ). It is recommended not to eat a couple of hours before taking emergency contraceptive pills and after that, so that biologically active compounds are better absorbed in the body. If, after taking the drugs, vomiting occurred, then you will have to take the pill again.

Combined oral contraceptives

It is also worth paying attention to the so-called Yuzpe contraceptive method . As mentioned earlier, well-known people can be used as emergency contraceptives. COCs (combined oral contraceptives). This method can be an excellent solution for those who, for whatever reason, are contraindicated in postcoital contraceptive pills.

As emergency contraceptives, you can use COCs such as: , Tetragynon, Ovral, and others. As a rule, these tablets contain hormones - estrogen, levonorgestrel, desogestrel, ethinyl estradiol And progestogen .

According to the instructions, you need to take COC every day, one piece. However, this rule can be broken in emergency to prevent unwanted pregnancy. The main thing is not to overdo it, so as not to harm the body. The following COC dosages are considered safe for:

• from 2 to 4-5 tablets (depending on the type of COC) at the first dose, which should take place no later than three days or 72 hours after sexual intercourse;
• the same number of tablets should be drunk 12 hours after the first COC intake.

The effectiveness of this method also depends on the time of taking the drugs. That is, the earlier the woman drank the pills, the greater the likelihood that ovulation will not occur and fertilization will not occur.

Contraindications

We talked about how not to get pregnant after the “no obligation” act. Now it's time to discuss the negative aspects of emergency contraception and determine who should not resort to the help of such an uncompromising method.

There is no benefit from emergency contraceptive pills, apart from, of course, the psycho-emotional calm of a woman - this is a fact. And how much and what harm can they bring?

levonorgestrel drugs:

• at pathology of the biliary tract ;
• with liver diseases, for example, liver failure ;
• in cases where the pregnancy was confirmed by a gynecologist, i.e. the fertilized egg has successfully implanted into the uterine wall;
• when the age of the patient is 16 years or less;
• at lactose intolerance ;
• in case of malabsorption galactose and glucose ;
• with certain diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, for example, Crohn's disease ;
• at ;
• in the presence of tumors sensitive to changes hormonal background ;
• at menstrual disorders ;
• at ;
• in case of malfunction hemostasis systems .

It is forbidden to use containing mifepristone drugs:

• at liver failure ;
• at porphyria ;
• at kidney failure ;
• in case of malfunctions hemostasis systems (blood clotting) ;
• at the reception glucocorticoids , for example, , etc;
• at the reception anticoagulants ;
• at adrenal insufficiency ;
• with a confirmed pregnancy;
• at breastfeeding; P
• in the presence of certain diseases in the chronic stage;
• at anemia ;
• women over the age of thirty-five;
• with an ectopic pregnancy.

Of course, any woman has the right to independently decide which modern methods of contraception or even alternative methods to use to protect against unwanted pregnancy. However, you should always think about what harmful effects can occur for the body when taking certain drugs.

Emergency or "fire" contraceptive pills can be dangerous:

• risk of developing later ectopic pregnancy , which is due to a violation of the process of transporting a fertilized egg to the place of its fixation in the uterus for further development;
• the risk of uterine bleeding , with which even medical workers do not always cope successfully;
• risk infertility , especially for young women whose menstrual cycle has not yet been established;
• development risk Crohn's disease , a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, which affects all its departments (from the oral cavity to the rectum);
• increased risk thrombosis , which is provoked by high doses of hormones contained in all tablets of the "next" day without exception, which leads to , and even lethal.

According to women who have experienced the effects of emergency contraceptive pills, the most common side effects of these drugs are:

• nausea;
• allergic reactions as rashes And skin itching;
• puffiness or soreness of the mammary glands (mastalgia);
• lower abdominal pain;
• severe headaches;
• stress ;
• emotional instability.

abortion pills. Price, where to buy, how to use

So-called pharmaceutical board or medicinal often associated with emergency contraception. However, this is far from the same thing. Of course, both drugs help to avoid unwanted pregnancy, only the mechanism of action and the time of taking the so-called abortion pills are different.

Let's talk about the main differences between medical abortion, which, according to many experts, is safer than surgery, for example, vacuum aspiration or scraping. How long can abortion pills be effective in terminating unwanted pregnancies?

So, as we mentioned earlier, after an unprotected act of pregnancy, birth control pills related to emergency contraception can be saved for 72 hours. Medicines for medical abortion are used when pregnancy has already occurred.

So, when can you use abortion pills or for how long. These funds can be taken in early pregnancy (up to 42 days amenorrhea the first day of the last menstrual cycle).

This means that abortion pills have an effect on the course of pregnancy up to the sixth maximum up to the seventh week.

It is worth noting that abortive pills most effectively affect a fetal egg that is still weakly attached to the uterus for up to four weeks.

In this period hormonal background the female body has not yet reached the peak of its changes and you can resort to the help of drugs to terminate an unwanted pregnancy.

It should be noted that abortion pills should not be taken without medical supervision. Although this method of abortion is considered safer than surgery, everything does not always go smoothly and without negative consequences for the female body.

In order to exclude possible harm for health, it is imperative to consult a gynecologist, and also take this kind of pill only in his presence, so that a qualified specialist can provide quick help(for example, if heavy bleeding opens) and prevent a bad outcome of a medical abortion. Unfortunately, not many people think about how dangerous abortion pills can be.

After all, you can even die from them if complications arise and doctors do not provide urgent medical care to a woman. Therefore, drugs for medical abortion containing mifepristone (a steroid antiprogestogenic substance of synthetic origin), for example, or taken once at a dosage of not more than 200 mg, exclusively under medical supervision.

Mifegin , a drug produced by a French manufacturer, like its domestic counterpart Mifeprex contain the same biologically active substance in their chemical composition mifepristone which blocks the production progesterone by acting on progesterone receptors. In the normal course of pregnancy, such as progesterone , generated corpus luteum of the ovaries , forms endometrium , whose main function is to create best conditions for development embryo .

The action of mifepristone-containing drugs gives the opposite effect ( myometrium decreasing, growing prostaglandins ), which ultimately leads to the prevention of unwanted pregnancies. Within a maximum of 48 hours after using abortion pills, the woman should complete a medical abortion and take medicines such as or gemeprost .

These are analogues of prostaglandins, which will stimulate the process of "expulsion" of the fetus from the uterus. It is very important to understand that in order to avoid severe complications, the patient must be under mandatory medical supervision within 2 hours after taking the above drugs.

In order to be completely convinced that an abortion has occurred, a woman needs to undergo an ultrasound scan two days after the procedure, and then re-appear for an appointment with a gynecologist two weeks later. According to experts, the effectiveness of this method reaches 99%. However, in some cases, abortion pills do not help to completely get rid of the fetus, and then the woman has to undergo such unpleasant procedures as:

• abrasion (in common scraping ) is an operation aimed at removing the fetal egg, as well as some pathological formations on the mucous membranes of the uterus;
• vacuum aspiration (in everyday life the name is more common mini abortion ) is a method of abortion in which the fetus is removed from the uterus using a special vacuum suction.

As we said above, medical abortion is considered the most gentle way to terminate an unplanned pregnancy, since there is no mechanical effect on the uterus. As a result, her mucous membranes are not damaged, which eliminates many possible complications. However, this method also has a number of contraindications, in which the use of abortion pills is prohibited:

• inflammatory diseases of the ovaries or uterus;
• ectopic pregnancy ;
• scars on the uterus , due to previously transferred operations;
• some gastrointestinal diseases .

The following complications may occur during medical abortion:

• bleeding in the uterus;
• allergic reactions;
• nausea;
• sharp pains in the abdomen;
• incomplete abortion, those. a situation in which pregnancy progresses because fetal rejection has not occurred;
• jumps in blood pressure;
• vomit.

The price of birth control pills

The price of postcoital contraceptive pills depends on several factors. Firstly, the manufacturer of drugs affects the cost, secondly, the number of tablets in the package, and, thirdly, the region where contraceptives are sold. For example, such popular and widespread tablets as Postinor in Ukraine they cost an average of 200 hryvnias, and in Russia 350 rubles.

How much do abortion pills cost? The price of this type of drugs depends primarily on their manufacturer. In addition, as we mentioned earlier, pharmacological abortion is medical procedure which should take place exclusively under the supervision of a physician. Therefore, the price of the services of a gynecologist is added to the cost of the abortion pills themselves, who will monitor the patient and be able to help her in a timely manner if something does not go as planned.

Increasingly, girls are asking the question: how can you provoke a miscarriage? Having discarded the option of surgical termination of pregnancy, women use drugs that cause miscarriage, they even use drugs traditional medicine. When deciding to resort to taking abortion pills, you should carefully study the instructions for use and find out the side effects.

Consultation with a qualified doctor will help to avoid dangerous consequences, since medical abortion can cause the development of body pathologies.

What drugs are allowed to use to terminate a pregnancy

Medical abortion during pregnancy up to 6 weeks causes minimal harm to the body. Reception must be carried out according to the rules in the instructions. The effect of tablets is not always the same as the manufacturers promise.

Preparations for abortion are represented by several types, sold in tablets.

Specialists identify a number of tools that act effectively and safely:

1. Escapelle;
2. Pencrofton;
3. Mifegin;
4. Mytholian;
5. Mifeprex.

Any drug that provokes a miscarriage has a strong effect on a woman's health, changing the vital processes of the body.

A popular contraceptive, but it is not effective in an already formed pregnancy. The tablets should be taken after unprotected intercourse within 72 hours. Tablet manufacturers claim that their tool has several functions. Postinor components block the ovulation process, affecting the fertilization process, and also prevents the implantation of an already fertilized egg. After taking Postinor, bleeding is observed - rejection of the mucous layer of the uterus along with the dead embryo. The drug Escapel has a similar effect.

The Postinor package contains two tablets, which include levonorgestrel. The first tablet should be taken within two days, after twelve hours the second is taken. The properties of Postinor resemble an abortion, the effect of the tablets is very strong, the drug is recommended to be taken no more than once per menstrual cycle (according to the instructions). Gynecologists do not recommend frequent use of this remedy due to the high risk of hormonal failure.

The use of the drug in the later stages of bearing a child is dangerous to health.

Pencrofton helps to contract the uterine muscles, due to which the fetal egg leaves the uterine cavity, and a miscarriage occurs. To terminate a pregnancy, three tablets are enough in one dose.

Pencrofton is taken in an amount of no more than three tablets. Experts recommend then using misoprostol, which provokes an enhanced effect of the first drug.

After 36-48 hours, the woman needs an ultrasound examination to confirm the termination of the pregnancy. After 1-2 weeks, it is recommended to re-examine.

The drug is contraindicated in women who are allergic to the components of the tablets, kidney disease, liver and blood. Side effects include dizziness, pain in the lower abdomen, nausea, vomiting, bleeding and dyspepsia.

Effective drugs also include Mifepristone, Mifegin and Mifeprex. These tablets are used during pregnancy, the period of which does not exceed 42 days. If you drink the drug later, there is a high probability that the fetus will survive, but will be born with significant deformities. The pregnancy is terminated within 8 hours.

How to protect yourself when taking drugs

Despite their effectiveness and popularity, medical abortion drugs cannot be bought at a pharmacy. Only emergency contraception is available at the pharmacy (Postinor, Escapel)

The drugs are taken only in medical institutions that perform abortions. Before the procedure, the woman is examined by a doctor who prescribes ultrasound and blood and urine tests. It is necessary to exclude the presence of an ectopic pregnancy, which makes medical abortion impossible.

It is allowed to carry out the abortion procedure for up to 42 days from the last menstruation.

During the procedure, the patient takes the prescribed drug, resulting in a miscarriage. After that, the woman should be observed by a doctor for several hours, then she is allowed to go home. Some pills need to be taken twice: a woman no longer has to return to the clinic, but she must stay at home close person so that in case of a problem, call an ambulance to hospitalize the patient.

Complications can occur when taking any of these drugs. Dangerous Consequences provokes not only the action of the tablets, but also the independent conduct of the procedure at home. Often, particles of the fetus remain in the woman's uterus, which begin to rot and contribute to the inflammatory process: this leads not only to the inability to become pregnant in the future, but also to death. To ensure her own safety, a woman is advised to contact a clinic where she will be assisted.

After a medical abortion, it is possible to become pregnant again after two weeks, so a woman needs to take care to use contraceptives.

Safety first

Often women decide to terminate a pregnancy without consulting a doctor, which is very dangerous for their health. Many pills have a strong effect and entail dire consequences. It is harmful for the body to take the drug in the later stages: after the sixth week of pregnancy, the pills do not have the desired effect, such a reception can be fatal for a woman. Therefore, it is safer to provoke an early miscarriage.

It is no less dangerous for a woman to provoke an abortion with the help of traditional medicine. Most of the methods that can be found on the Internet, not only do not help to safely cause a miscarriage, but also cause significant harm to the health of the mother.

If you intend to take pills for a miscarriage, a woman should understand that it is dangerous to engage in medical abortion on her own: a qualified specialist must be consulted, who will prescribe an examination and the necessary drug.

It is also necessary to take into account the fact that abortion causes diseases of the adrenal glands, ovaries, pituitary gland and disorders of the thyroid gland.