The check valve for sewage performs the function of constipation, which allows fluid to pass through the pipe in only one direction. What are the varieties of this device when a 110 mm or 50 mm sewer check valve is used and how to install it?

The non-return valve used for sewerage must meet the following requirements:

• open and close with little pressure, since in most cases domestic sewer systems are gravity-fed,
• be easily accessible for maintenance and cleaning.

Valves (also they can be sold under the name "sewer shutter") can be designed for outdoor and indoor installation. The first is orange, the second is grey.

check valve functions

Why install a check valve?

This device protects the lower floors from getting into the apartment drains from the upper floors in case of blockage, prevents rats and mice from moving through the sewer.

Varieties

According to the device, the valves can be

• rotary (petal),
• lifting ,
• ball ,
• interflange.

Rotary or reed valves have a diaphragm that rotates and opens the lumen when the fluid moves in the desired direction. If the flow goes the other way, the membrane lowers and hermetically closes the pipe. Sometimes such devices have an additional manual shutter - another membrane that is lowered if necessary. Also on the device there is a cover that is needed to access the inside of the device. The valve is a potential blockage site, so it is important that it can be easily opened and the problem resolved.

In lifting versions, the locking element is made on a spring, when the fluid moves correctly, it rises, and when the fluid moves incorrectly, it starts to press on the spring, thereby lowering the valve and blocking the pipe. The device of such a device is shown in the figure. This type is considered more reliable. For maintenance, remove the cover, which is held on by 4 bolts.

Spherical sewer valves are called so because the locking element is a ball. The valve device is shown in the figure. With the correct movement of the drains, the ball rolls into a special recess, while the pipe lumen opens. When the liquid moves in the opposite direction, the ball closes the lumen. The disadvantage of this design is possible leakage, since the ball is not always hermetically sealed to the inside of the body.

Wafer type valves are used on water pipes. They are smaller and have a smaller clearance, so they are not put into the sewer: they are easily clogged. Such models are equipped with a rotary damper.

Do-it-yourself non-return valve for sewage is not recommended, since any mistake made in the manufacture and installation of the device will negatively affect the operation of the sewer, can lead to blockage or ingress of drains into the house or apartment.

Most devices have a handle for forced closing of the damper. There are also electrically controlled valves, as a rule, they are placed in the general sewerage of an apartment building.

Air valve

The air valve is installed in the fan pipe. It is needed in order to let air into the sewer system and not let it out back, thus preventing the appearance of an unpleasant sewer smell in the apartment. How is the non-return air valve for sewerage arranged?

The principle of its work is as follows. When the water is drained into the sewer, a vacuum occurs in the system, air must enter it from the outside. If there is ventilation in the system, there will be no problems, but if it is not, then air will flow from the device. In which the smallest water seal. At this point, air with all the sewer smells can enter the room. The air lock helps prevent this: its membrane opens when a vacuum occurs, and when the pressure equalizes, it closes. Thus, the air goes only from the outside into the sewer, and does not enter the apartment from the sewer.

Characteristics

Usually valves are made of plastic (PVC or polypropylene) or cast iron. Which one to choose depends on the pipe material. On plastic it is recommended to put plastic models, on cast iron - cast iron. If you use a device made of a material other than pipes, you will need to install additional adapters.

The diameter of the valves can be 110 or 50 mm. The former are installed on wide 110 mm sewer pipes, and the latter on narrow pipes after the sink and bath. Devices with a diameter of 110 mm are made of metal, and a 50 mm sewer check valve is made of plastic.

Check valves are designed for pressures of 0-3 m of water column and for hydraulic tests with the same pressure.

Valve installation - where to put it

Where and how to install a check valve on the sewer? You can put it both on a common sewer pipe in the house, and after each plumbing fixture.

The shutter is placed on the common sewer pipe at the outlet to the well, that is, in the basement or basement. At the same time, according to SNiPs, it must be electrified and send a signal to the dispatcher's console about each operation.

In apartments located on the ground floor of an apartment building, such devices are placed after each plumbing fixture. If there are two outlets - one from the toilet, and the other common from the sink and bath, two devices are enough. If each device has its own conclusion, then more valves will be needed. Also, a sewer gate can be installed at the entrance to the apartment.

In private houses connected to centralized sewer systems, the valve is placed at the outlet into the well from the inside of the foundation of the house.

Attention! In a private house, the device must be opened and cleaned from grease and other deposits in a timely manner (every 3-6 months).

It is best to install a sewer gate before repairs are made, the floor is laid and finishing work is carried out. When installing the unit, it may be necessary to remove the floor covering. Also, sometimes a sewer gate is placed in a common riser above the entrance to the apartment, but permission must be obtained for such work, since it is impossible to arbitrarily interfere in the common house systems.

Installation

Installation of a check valve on the sewer can only be carried out at a positive temperature in the room. In a horizontal pipeline, you can install it anywhere, but not closer than 10 cm from the highest point of the drain.

• Before mounting the device, it is necessary to measure its overall dimensions. This is necessary both when designing a sewerage system and when installing it into an existing system.
• Also, before installation, the device must be checked for serviceability. To do this, the damper is lowered, and water is poured into the outlet. Water should not pass through the damper, and if it passes, then in an extremely small amount.
• If the valve is mounted in an existing pipe, then a section corresponding to its dimensions is cut out.

Attention! The valve must be installed in the correct direction. The arrow on the device shows where the wastewater should go.

Install the valve on the pipe using sealant and FUM tape.

If the sewerage is pressurized, then the device is placed immediately after the pumping equipment. This is important because the pressure generated by the pumps prevents the valve from working properly.

Plastic valves usually do not require any additional sealing of the joints, it is enough to coat the joint with plumbing silicone, sometimes you can do without it.

Cast iron devices, depending on the model, are installed either with the help of sealing rubber bands and bolts, or the joint is sealed with tow and sealant.

Important! It is necessary to install the valve so that there is free access to it for maintenance, and the cover can be opened.

Mounting the cuff on the toilet

The cuff check valve is simple, and its installation is also not particularly difficult. However, it is necessary that after the toilet there is a straight section of the pipe, the lid should not rest against the perpendicular outlet.

The valve is installed before the installation of the toilet itself. The cuff is simply put on the release of the plumbing fixture.

The outlet with the cuff is inserted into the sewer pipe.

After that, the toilet itself is mounted.

Such a shutter should not be glued to sealant or cement, or otherwise made non-removable - after a while it will need to be cleaned.

Air valve installation

SNiPs recommend installing an air shutter in any building with a height of more than two floors. Put it in a room where the temperature does not fall below zero. If the room has a floor drain, then the valve is placed at a height of at least 35 cm above the floor. If there is no ladder, then the device is placed on the pipe above the highest entrance to the drainage system at the end of the pipe or in a specially designed socket.

How not to install

The valve should not be placed in a break in the riser (vertically). There are several reasons for this:

• Any dampers, traps installed here increase the likelihood of blockage.
• If a blockage occurs, the valve will be damaged by the cable used for cleaning.
• Possible flooding of the apartment with sewage.
• If due to this installation of the device, a blockage occurs and you flood the neighbors, an act of unauthorized change in the configuration of the riser will be drawn up and you will be billed for the repair and restoration of the riser.

Conclusion

A non-return valve is a necessary part of the sewer system that protects the apartment from flooding with sewage in the event of a sewer failure. You can install it yourself, but using your own hand-made devices is not recommended.

The sewerage system is an integral element of the communication of a residential building. Thanks to the centralized removal of natural waste, residents do not have to worry about how to get rid of waste products.

But, unfortunately, a violation of the rules of use can lead to the fact that in the pipes, as a result of which everything that needs to be removed will end up in the apartment. A check valve for sewerage will help to avoid such trouble.

Device

The valve serves to perform the following main functions:

1. Prevention of sewer contents from entering the dwelling.
2. Blocking the access of an unpleasant smell from the communication system.
3. Reducing the likelihood of pests and insects entering the house through the sewer pipe.

The device works on the principle of preventing the output of everything passed through itself back. Its device allows you to block the rise of liquid as a result of blockage. If it does not exist, this situation threatens to flood the residents of the lower floors. It makes sense to install a check valve not only in an apartment building, but also in a private house.

Principle of operation

When sewage tries to go in the opposite direction under air pressure, the path is blocked for them. To do this, the device is equipped with the following components:

1. Membrane. Blocks the lumen of the pipe.
2. Lever arm. Serves for a conclusion of waste in the necessary direction.
3. Lid. It can be used to remove blockages and dirt.

Requirements

1. The design should be simple and convenient for self-installation and maintenance.
2. Shutting off the sewer pipe in case of blockage should occur automatically.
3. Possibility of manual adjustment in case of emergency.
4. The material from which the device is made must be of high quality, since the environment with which the interaction will be carried out is caustic and aggressive.
5. The membrane must reliably cover the lumen of the pipe in order to exclude the possibility of foreign odors entering the living room. As well as pests and insects.

Kinds

Despite the simplicity of design and a similar list of functions, sewer check valves are divided into different types depending on one or another criterion.

Material Differences

Products can be made:

1. From plastic. Most often, plastic fixtures are purchased for an internal sewer pipe in a residential area. They are easy to install and dismantle, the cost of such products is low.
2. From cast iron. Such strong and durable devices are usually used on pipes of an external sewer system. They are much more expensive than the previous ones, but the service life is incomparably longer. Usually such valves are provided for installation on pipes of considerable diameters.
3. From stainless steel. Material resistant to the damaging effects of wastewater.
4. From bronze. The most expensive material, but at the same time resistant to aggressive environments and having a long service life.

Depending on the design features, sewer check valves are:

Air

Main destination:

• preventing foreign odors from sewer pipes from entering the living room;
• maintaining optimal air pressure in the system.

Principle of operation: when sewage is discharged into the sewer, the membrane opens to give them the way, and then, under air pressure, it returns to its place, blocking the return path.

Signs of a malfunctioning air valve:

• there was a smell of sewage in the room;
• during the drain, extraneous sounds are clearly heard.

vacuum

These devices are indispensable in residential premises, in which other external structures for adjusting and normalizing air pressure in the sewer system are not provided.

In addition to the membrane and the housing itself, vacuum devices provide for an air intake chamber, which plays the role of a regulator of the amount of air:

• at elevated pressure, excess air is automatically removed from the system;
• when lowered, the membrane is affected, as a result of which it lowers and opens air into the pipe.

The special role of the vacuum valve determines the peculiarity of the installation - it is installed on the highest section of the waste pipe.

Ball

These products got their name due to the fact that the tube lumen is locked by a ball (rubber or metal).

Operating principle: at the moment of draining, rarefied air is formed in the system, which releases the ball from the pipe, giving way to waste. Then the pressure builds up and the ball returns to its place, preventing the return of waste masses.

The spherical design appeared one of the first and today is considered perhaps the most reliable. That is why it is so actively used in the external sewer systems of apartment buildings, where the flow activity is highest.

Reception

These valves have a special purpose - they are used to prevent leakage of liquid produced in the process of pumping and distillation (for example, the extraction of water, oil and other liquid resources). Accordingly, such devices are not used in residential buildings.

Wafer

They got their name due to the fact that they are installed between the constituent elements of pipes - flanges. Accordingly, their installation is carried out already at the stage of laying pipes, since they slightly increase its total length. Typically, wafer valves are made from the same materials as the pipes themselves. This is done for stability and durability.

Operating principle: the device contains a flap (one or two), which, under the pressure of rising wastewater, occupies a horizontal position and blocks access to the pipe lumen. When the level of sewer masses decreases, the sash returns to its original position.

Most often, such devices can be found in the sewerage system of apartment buildings and industrial buildings.

Varieties of sizes

When choosing a specific check valve size, it is necessary to be guided by the diameter of the pipe for which it is intended to be installed. Accordingly, the dimensions of the products are in the range from 32 to 300 millimeters.

Installation rules

Before starting the installation of the device, you need to consider the following points:

1. Find out the diameter of the pipe on which the installation is supposed to be. It is better that the valve clearly matches the size of the communications, because otherwise it may be difficult to remove wastewater.
2. When choosing a particular type of valve, it is important to consider the material from which the pipeline is made.

   For example, on a plastic pipe, installation is possible in almost any part, since the plastic can be easily cut in the right place. But with metal pipes, the situation is more complicated, since, for example, a wafer valve can only be installed between the constituent elements.

3. Particular attention should be paid to the quality of the materials of the product. The higher it is, the longer the valve will last, and the better it will fulfill its purpose.
4. The installation site must be easily accessible.
5. Before installation, make sure that the valve is tight.

Where can I install

When choosing an installation location, the following options are available:

1. You can purchase one check valve that matches the diameter of the common sewer outlet pipe and install the device on it. Most often, this option is chosen by residents of private houses.
2. It is possible to equip the communication of each plumbing facility. It is this method that is recommended in apartment buildings, as it reduces the likelihood of emergencies.

Do-it-yourself installation

Necessary materials and tools

In order to install the valve on internal plumbing communications, the following is required:

1. Pipe cutter.
2. the valve itself.

Walkthrough

Installation procedure:

1. Choice of installation location. It must be within reach to quickly eliminate possible problems that arise during operation.
2. It is necessary to warn the neighbors that sewerage work is planned so that they do not use it for an hour and a half.
3. Water access is blocked during installation work.
4. Depending on the size of the valve, you need to measure the required distance on the pipe section and use a pipe cutter to cut out the excess section.
5. The valve is placed in the resulting niche and secured with a coupling or with a thread. On some models, an arrow is drawn indicating the direction of water flow. It should be directed towards the public sewer.
6. The installed device needs to be checked. When draining the water, there should be no extraneous sounds and odors.
7. Installation must be completed within two hours so as not to create problems in the operation of the common pipeline.

Price

What it depends on, pricing examples

First of all, the cost of the product is affected by the material from which it is made. In second place are the design features and diameters of the device. The manufacturer of the device also matters:

• so, for example, a plastic vacuum check valve will cost from 350 to 600 rubles;
• a ball of medium diameter made of cast iron will cost an average of 3050-5800 rubles;
• flangeless stainless steel - about 1200-2300 rubles.

Sewerage has become an integral part of our everyday life. Such systems are equipped with both apartment buildings and private buildings. Even in many suburban areas there is a sewerage system. Albeit in a truncated form.

But sometimes trouble happens with such a system, it clogs. This happens if you uncontrollably throw large debris into the toilet or sink. As a result, the first floors will be flooded with fecal masses, and this is very unpleasant.

Useful information! Not only will you feel an unpleasant smell at home for several weeks after piercing the pipes, but you can’t avoid major repairs. And in private homes, flooding with sewer masses can happen in the spring, when groundwater rises and can enter your house through the toilet.

But modern technology makes it possible to avoid such situations. To do this, you need to equip your sewer with a check valve.

What is it for?

To avoid flooding with fecal matter, a check valve for sewage is installed. Its principle of operation resembles a nipple - the liquid passes freely in one direction, but does not pass in the opposite direction. If your sewer is clogged, then such a device will not allow drains to get to your home.

Check valves for sewerage are produced in various diameters. When purchasing such a device, you need to know the place of its installation and the pipes used. As a rule, the sewer riser is 110 mm in diameter, while other pipes have a diameter of 50 mm. In accordance with this, a check valve is selected.

The materials used in the manufacture of such products are also diverse. It can be copper, bronze, brass, carbon steel or stainless steel.

Check valves are also made of plastic and PVC.

• Metal products are gradually going out of circulation, they are too expensive and do not have sufficient durability.
• Products made of plastic (for indoor use) and PVC (for indoor and outdoor use) are most commonly used.

Where is the check valve installed?

Depending on the tasks, the check valve (or, as it is also called the fan valve) can be installed in several places. Most often, such devices are installed in each apartment at the entrance of the sewer to the common riser.

Some people think that it is better to install a common check valve on the sewer riser. But such an opinion is erroneous. The fact is that if the riser gets clogged below (for example, in the basement, which often happens), then the drains will go up and get into the apartments on the first floor. Therefore, it is better for their owners to play it safe and install a check valve inside the apartment.

Sometimes such structures are installed in front of a plumbing fixture or group. For example, in a bathroom, you can mount a non-return valve on the sewer pipe, it will prevent the flow of drains into the bath if the pipe becomes clogged. Also, such devices must be installed with a reverse slope of the pipe.

Sewer check valve device

In stores, you can find various designs of a non-return valve for sewage, but the principle of their design is almost the same. It looks like a pipe, inside of which a plate with rubber seals is installed. It is this plate that acts as a constipation, a spring is attached to it, which prevents the drains from flowing in the opposite direction.

In order to periodically clean the valve, a removable cover is provided on its body. Also, a lever is installed on the valve, with its help you can manually open or close the plate. In this case, if the valve is opened, then the plate will be in a stationary state in the open form. It will also happen if you close it manually, the plate will always be closed.

When the drains pass from the plumbing fixture, they open the plate with their pressure and freely pass into the sewer. Then the spring comes into play, it closes the hole with a plate and prevents the drains from going in the opposite direction. The plate itself has a larger size than the emphasis on which it rests. This allows the valve neck to be hermetically sealed.

Smaller diameter valves sometimes use a different system. In this case, the inlet and outlet pipes are at different levels. There is air between them. If a reverse flow occurs, the air bubble presses on the membrane and closes the return pipe, which prevents the flow of wastewater.

Installation of a check valve on the sewer

The choice of one or another check valve for sewage is up to you. Today you can buy such devices made of various materials and with different prices. But in any case, the valve will reliably protect you from flooding with sewage.

The main thing, is to choose the desired diameter of the device. Today, various adapters are on sale, with their help you can mount a valve even with a different diameter than your sewer pipes. But such work will be more difficult and less reliable, so it is better to find a device of the right size.

The non-return valve itself is installed in front of the entrance to the standing in a horizontal position. Rarely, but in principle, it is possible to mount such a device in a vertical position. The main thing is not to confuse the direction. An arrow is drawn on the valve body; after its installation, it should indicate the direction to the common riser.

It is better to install the check valve at the same time as changing the pipes. If you have already replaced your sewer, you will have to do a sidebar. To do this, turn off all the water so as not to flood the neighbors from below. Then we measure and cut off the desired piece of sewer pipe.

To make it easier, you can watch the video:

As you can see, the work itself is not particularly difficult. The valve, on each side, has sockets. They are equipped with rubber seals. It is in them that the sewer pipe trims are inserted. You can do this if your pipes are made of plastic.

More difficult work is the installation of a check valve in the presence of cast iron pipes. In this case, it is necessary to use cast iron-plastic and plastic-cast iron adapters. You also need to be more careful about trimming.

After completion of work, check the tightness of the connections. To do this, turn on the water in the sink or bathtub and see if there is a leak. Also pay attention to possible vibrations, if any, then you need to get rid of them. Otherwise, the connections may fall apart.

In what case is it recommended to install a check valve on the sewer

Finally, it is worth mentioning the cases when it is worth installing a check valve on the sewer:

• For residents of the first floors and private houses, the installation of a check valve is a must. Such residential premises have a very high risk of being flooded by drains.
• If you live on the second floor, then you should install such devices. If the drains rise, and the valves are already installed on the first floor, then the fecal matter will go to you.
• For residents of the third and higher floors, it is not necessary to install a valve. A column of liquid feces will simply squeeze out the cork in the basement, and they will not reach you.

Do not forget that it is not necessary to install a check valve on a common riser in the basement. Very often, pipes are clogged above this level, and there is simply no point in installing a valve.

Residents of the first floors of high-rise buildings often face an extremely unpleasant situation when sewerage floods their apartments. The foul-smelling liquid can quickly spread throughout the room and cause serious material damage. To protect yourself from such troubles, it is enough to install a check valve for the sewer, which will prevent the appearance of drains in the apartment. In this article, we will describe the principle of operation and the installation procedure for check valves.

Causes of sewer clogging

It is naive to believe that the clogging of sewer pipes occurs solely from the fact that large solid objects get into them. Rather, it is a trigger that activates a mechanism that has long been ready for operation. Often the problem lies elsewhere.

Incorrect slope of the outlet pipes

For normal operation of the system, it is necessary that wastewater moves through the pipeline at a certain speed. It is provided by the slope laid down during the installation of the structure. If it was initially insufficient or decreased as a result of subsidence of the foundation during operation, then the flow rate slows down.

In this case, larger solid inclusions will settle on the walls, since the strength of the water current will not be enough to move them. Sooner or later, these deposits will completely block the pipe gap. Almost the same thing happens if the slope is too steep: the water simply does not have time to carry away the waste.

Pipeline wear

Long-term operation of the system leads to a gradual uniform deposition of sediment on the pipe walls. The clearance inside the pipe is getting smaller and even with a normal flow rate, it becomes easier for large inclusions to gain a foothold on the walls. They accumulate, harden and form a blockage.

Worn pipes accumulate deposits that cause clogging

Right angle installation of horizontal outlets

Horizontal bends, mounted at right angles, dramatically change the configuration of the pipeline. This, in turn, changes the speed of the effluents. They can both accelerate and slow down, which in any case will affect the operation of the system negatively, and lead to the formation of blockage.

Do not forget about the improper operation of the structure, which also leads to problems. However, if in the latter case, cleaning the structure will be quite enough to get rid of the blockage, then troubles that occur for other reasons will appear with enviable regularity. That is why experts strongly recommend that everyone whose apartments are located on the first two floors, as well as owners of private houses, install a shut-off valve for sewage.

Check valve: installation methods and types of devices

There are two ways to prevent a flood from sewage:

• by installing a separate locking device for each of the plumbing fixtures in the apartment;
• by installing one structure with a large throughput on a common pipe.

You need to know that the second option is only suitable for private houses, it is best for residents of high-rise buildings to use the first method.

There are two fundamentally different devices that are mounted in the sewer system:

• non-return valve to prevent backflow of sewage;
• a vacuum valve that equalizes the pressure in the system. It is recommended to install in structures with a counter-slope, which is almost impossible to eliminate without a complete rework of the pipeline.

Locking structure: device and installation features

The knot can be made of plastic or metal, with the former being more common.

Principle of operation

The part is equipped with two nozzles, releasing and receiving. Between them is a chamber with an element filled with air, made in the form of a ball. How it works can be seen in the illustration:

When fluid enters from the outlet valve, the shut-off element presses on the membrane, which closes the chamber. In addition, the design is equipped with a shut-off valve that closes the pipe if necessary.

The unit needs regular cleaning, so it has a collapsible body. Cleaning is fairly easy. It must be carried out regularly, otherwise, due to contamination on the inlet pipe seal, it will not be possible to close the pipe. The system can be mounted both vertically and horizontally.

Basic installation rules

Before starting installation, you should determine the installation site, taking into account the need to provide free access to the unit for its cleaning and maintenance.

When choosing a device model, you need to be guided by common sense and not buy a part just because you like the price. The cost of a quality valve cannot be compared with the cost of repairing an apartment in case of flooding with sewage. In addition, you need to pay attention to the way the node is installed. Most often they are universal, but there are separate models designed only for horizontal or vertical installation.

When properly installed, the arrow on the valve cover must point towards the sewer

Another caveat: before installation, it is worth checking the valve for leaks. For installation, it is necessary to make a cut of the required size in the pipeline and bring pipes into the valve. If the sewer is cast iron, then you will have to mount adapters from metal to plastic. The installation of the part is carried out strictly in accordance with the direction of the fluid flow. Each valve has an arrow showing that direction. It should face towards the sewer.

Check air valve

According to SNiPs, in all buildings with more than two floors, a fan valve must be installed, in which case the sewage system will work more efficiently, without unpleasant odors and noise. The unit performs the functions of a distribution and control device that allows you to automatically remove the gases formed in the system and create an air flow.

How is the node arranged and functioning?

The principle of operation of the element is quite simple. Consider how the sewer system functions without a valve. When flushing the toilet or any other discharge of a large amount of liquid, a vacuum occurs in the pipeline. It causes the system to draw air to equalize pressure from the plumbing fixture where the sewer seal is least. This moment will be accompanied by a loud squelching sound and the appearance of an unpleasant odor. The vacuum valve equalizes the pressure inside the sewer system, letting in air when a vacuum occurs, and releasing the gases formed inside the pipeline.

A plastic air valve with a stem is more practical than a device with a rubber diaphragm

The standard part has a plastic housing with a side hole. The main structural element is a rod that raises a side hole through which gases are released from the sewer. When the pressure drops, the stem goes down and closes the hole. To prevent the element from rising higher than necessary, a rubber gasket is installed above it. There are units with a rubber membrane instead of a stem, but they require frequent replacement due to the rapid wear of the rubber.

Manufacturers offer two types of air valves:

• 50 mm for sinks;
• 110mm for common riser.

It should be borne in mind that the first node can only be installed for one or two devices, for example, for a toilet bowl and a sink.

Air valve mounting features

The part can only be mounted in rooms with a constant positive temperature. If negative, the node will not be able to function. The place for installation is selected depending on the presence of a floor drain. If there is a ladder, then the valve is installed at a height of at least 35 cm from the floor.

The absence of a ladder involves the installation of a device on a section of the pipeline located above the highest inlet of the drainage system coming from the plumbing equipment. The part is installed by mounting on the free end of the pipe or in a special socket.

The illustration shows the principle of operation of the air valve. Note that its installation is carried out by installing it on the free end of the pipe or in a special socket

It should be noted that the installation of a check valve on the sewer is a necessary measure. It will protect an apartment or a private house from the penetration of sewage, unpleasant smell and noise. You can carry out the work yourself, having previously read the installation instructions, or entrust the arrangement to specialists. In any case, the result will be trouble-free operation of the sewer system.

The sewer system is a complex structure. The consequences of accidents caused by the failure of the sewerage system can have negative consequences for both humans and the environment. To maximize the safety of the system, experts have developed a valve for sewage. It will be discussed in this publication.

There are two main types of valves:

• check valve for sewerage;
• sewer vent valve.

Water always moves along the path of least resistance. If even a small blockage occurs in the sewer, then it becomes possible to turn the direction of the flow of wastewater. Waste liquid can rise up the riser and flow out of installed plumbing products, which leads to flooding of neighbors and simply unpleasant consequences. To prevent such situations, a sewer check valve is installed.

How it works

The non-return valve for sewage protects living quarters from the ingress of waste liquids and the possible penetration of rodents. Existing types of devices adhere to the same scheme of operation and consist of a case with located in it (figure below):

1. a membrane valve that prevents the backflow of wastewater;
2. a lever that passes waste fluids into the sewer in the direction indicated by the arrow;
3. a removable cover that allows you to clean the device in case of clogging and forcibly close the membrane.

In the event of a blockage, the non-return valve will prevent sewage from entering the living space.

Device types

For the manufacture of a check valve can be used:

• stainless steel;
• plastic;
• bronze;
• cast iron;
• brass.

Depending on the internal structure, check valves are divided into:

• interflange;
• rotary;
• ball;
• lifting.

Wafer valves

Wafer type valves are small in size and light in weight. There are no flanges in the design of the devices connecting the valve to the pipeline. If problems are found in the operation of the valve, it becomes necessary to replace not only the device, but also a small section of the sewer system containing the product.

Wafer valves can be:

• spring disk, in which the membrane is a disk, and the lever is replaced by a spring;
• bivalve. This type works due to the presence of a membrane in the design, consisting of two valves.

Rotary valves

Otherwise, rotary valves are called petal valves. The rotary valve on the sewer pipe is fully consistent with the figure below. A spool or flap is used as a membrane, which works with a lever. Rotary valves are distinguished by:

• Simple. Currently used in sewer systems with low pressure and liquid passage. When the spool is returned to its place, a strong water hammer occurs, which can disable the device and the entire system.
• Unstressed. The valve device allows the spool to smoothly return to its original position after the passage of water.

Ball valves

Predominantly devices of this type are used on small diameters. A metal ball is used as a membrane, and a spring is used as a lever. It is considered the most common and reliable type of check valves. To service or replace the device in the event of a malfunction, it is necessary to disassemble the valve, which is mounted with two bolts.

The ball check valve is a simple and reliable device, so experts recommend using this type of check valve.

Lift valves

The membrane in such a valve is a vertical lifting device.

Scheme of the movement of wastewater in the lift valve

The main advantage of the non-return lift valve is the possibility of repairing the device without dismantling the existing network, and a significant disadvantage is the high susceptibility to pollution.

Lift valves are divided according to the method of attaching the device to the pipes. Among them are:

• valves welded to the sewer system;
• devices attached to pipes using connecting flanges;
• products with a threaded connection;
• valves clamped between sewer pipes (wafer type).

Check valve installation

Installation of a check valve on the sewer can be carried out both in vertical and in horizontal positions. This is due to the peculiarities of the devices used, for example, a lifting check valve can only be installed on a horizontal section of the sewer system.

The non-return valve for PVC sewerage can be installed either on separate equipment, such as a toilet bowl or sink, or on the entire sewerage system.

Before starting the installation, it is necessary to select the equipment. The choice should be based on the parameters of the sewer system (volume of wastewater) and be determined by the installation location of the device (a separate unit or the entire system).

Installing a check valve consists of the following steps:

1. Choosing a place to mount the device. The valve is installed in front of the general sewer riser in a place that has easy accessibility necessary for maintenance.
2. If the installation of the device is supposed to be in an existing sewerage system, then a small section of pipes corresponding to the dimensions of the device is cut out from the system at the selected location. If the entire sewer network is installed at the same time, then the equipment is simply installed in the required place.
3. The non-return sewer valve is attached to the pipes in the manner provided for by the design of the equipment.
4. The tightness of the device is checked.

Arrows on each check valve indicate the direction of fluid flow. When installing the device, its correct location in relation to the public sewer is the most important point.

Air sewer valve

In addition to the occurrence of sewerage, it can make a lot of noise, interfering with the normal living conditions of people, and letting in unpleasant odors. An air valve for sewage will help solve these problems.

How it works

Any sewer system in buildings with 2 or more floors must be equipped with ventilation. Very often they are used for these purposes, but a sewer vacuum valve or aerator can also be used.

When draining water from a toilet bowl or a shower cabin, excessive air discharge is created in the pipeline, which produces extraneous noise. It is at this time that the aeration valve installed in the sewage system begins to work, equalizing the atmospheric pressure and the pressure in the pipe, launching the right amount of air into the system.

The ventilation valve reliably protects the sewer system from excessive noise.

Vent valve device

As a rule, a vacuum sewer valve is made of polyethylene of various grades, which makes the device cheap and easy to install.

In most cases, the valve consists of:

1. body of the device;
2. built-in side opening for ventilation;
3. a rod that reacts to the occurrence of a pressure difference;
4. a rubber gasket that ensures smooth operation of the rod and limits its movement;
5. cover designed to protect the device from external contamination.

Types of air valves

In stores, you can buy several main types of ventilation valves:

• Valve sewer air automatic. In most cases, the device is installed in private homes or on separate units of the system. This is due to the relatively small bandwidth of the device. Designed to release trapped air from the system.
• Anti-vacuum. It is used for ventilation of a large number of sewer pipes. Works for both intake and exhaust air.
• Combined. Combines the best qualities of the previous species.

Mounting the ventilation valve

The aeration valve for sewage is equated to a tee or branch. The device is installed in the same way as any fitting:

1. The place for installation of the valve is selected. The device can be used both for aeration of a separate unit, such as a toilet, or for ventilation of the entire sewer system. In the first case, the valve is mounted at a distance of at least 30 cm from the nearest gravity pipe and 20 cm or more from the nearest siphon. In the second case, the product is installed in the attic of the house or in a special designated room.
2. The device is attached to the pipe in the manner provided for by the design (on a thread, through a fitting, and so on).
3. The tightness of all joints of the device with pipes is checked.

It should be remembered that for the correct operation of the device, the air temperature must be at least 0ºС.

Each homeowner is free to decide for himself whether it is necessary to install any type of sewer valve. However, experts especially recommend installing such devices in a country house or on the first floors of modern high-rise buildings.

One of the proven leaders in this field is Hutterer Lechner GmbH, which manufactures HL sewer closures. The product range includes both mechanical and electrically actuated valves.