So what is still life? The first thing that comes to mind is a jug or vase, fruits, vegetables, cups, flowers, etc. In fact, a still life can contain absolutely any inanimate objects in the amount of two or more, usually small in size, lying on the surface.
In this tutorial I will show you how to draw a floral still life (this tutorial uses a wonderful photo from Galina Chi).
Step 1. When drawing any still life, the first step is to present all objects in the form of the simplest forms. In this example, the basket can be thought of as a parallelogram and the vase as a cylinder. It is very important to immediately place the items correctly on the sheet of paper. Please note that items should be on the table and not roll off it.
Step 2. We bend the lines to get the desired shape of the objects. Add a handle to the basket.
Step 3. Draw cherries with circles and sticks, not forgetting that they overlap each other. Don't try to make them perfectly straight.
Step 4. Marking the flowers and their centers. At this stage, you don't need to draw the petals yet. Add the leaves as well.
Step 5. Draw the petals.
Step 6. Start hatching the drawing - add a wicker texture to the basket, hatch the cherries in a circle, leaving a lot of highlights to make them juicier. On the right side of the vase, add a strip of flare over the hatching. We hatch flower petals and leaves from the center to the edges.
Since the light comes from the left, add horizontal shadows to the right of the objects.
Target: teach to draw a still life.
Tasks:
- to acquaint with the art genre "still life", to teach to convey the beauty of autumn leaves, to observe proportions, to teach to choose the right one color range, use the palette;
- develop imagination, memory, hand motility, eye;
- to cultivate a respect for nature.
Materials and equipment:
Illustrations depicting autumn bouquets in a vase, sheets of paper, brushes, palette, paints, jars of water, simple pencils, setting a vase with a twig with autumn leaves.
Preliminary work:
Drawing autumn leaves over - raw, observing autumn trees, reading works of art on the theme of the beauty of nature in the fall.
Course of the lesson:
Guys, what time of year is it?
- autumn.
What happens in the fall?
- the leaves turn yellow, red, orange, fall off.
In the last lesson, we drew an autumn leaf with you. How did we convey the beauty of an autumn leaf?
- painted in different colors.
How did they do it?
- until one paint has dried, add another and they merge.
Right.
And today I propose to draw a still life.
Still life is a French word translated as "dead nature".
Still life is a genre visual arts depicting a group of inanimate objects. A painting or photograph may contain flowers, fruits, dishes and other objects arranged so that a harmonious composition is obtained. Traditional still life is painted in a realistic style from nature (looking at the original).
Look at these pictures 
A conversation is being held on these paintings.
And our still life will be called "Branch with Autumn Leaves."
Look, in front of you is a vase with an autumn twig.
Let's take a look at our production.
What is the vase on?
What vase?
What shape?
What is the shape of the leaves?
What color are the leaves?
Let's get to work. First, let's sketch in a simple pencil.
Let's outline the table, the height and the middle of the vase: 
These are auxiliary lines for the vase, so we draw them thinly, without pressing hard on the pencil.
Now we draw a vase: 
Twig, leaves: 
Now let's rest.
Physical education:
The autumn rain is drizzling from the clouds,
(throws with relaxed hands)
The tree, throwing off the leaves, stands
(hands up, fingers pointing up (tree branches))
The autumn wind shakes the branches
(gently shake hands)
The wind blows the leaves under the tree.
(sit down and "stir up the leaves" under the tree, imitating their rustling: "sh-sh-sh-sh ...")
The wind blows, blows, blows, blows out
(swing your hands towards yourself)
Pluses yellow leaves from the tree
(spinning in place)
and the leaves are flying
Circling along the path (tiptoe circle)
Leaves fall right under our feet. (turning around in places, squatting).
Now let's do our drawing in color. First, let's draw the twigs. What color and brush do we need?
- Brown or black, with a thin brush.
We draw the leaves:
Option 1: We cover the entire sheet with green paint, then until the paint has dried, we apply yellow paint from the edge or in the middle. And vice versa.
Option 2: cover with red paint, then add yellow and vice versa.
Option 3: cover with green paint, then add red and vice versa.
Let's get to work.
Now we paint over the vase and the table. Our still life is ready.
Lesson summary:
Guys, tell me, what did we draw today? What turned out to be difficult and what was easy? Do you think we managed to be the most real artists? Your still lifes are so beautiful that I propose to arrange an exhibition.
The feeling of beauty is in every person. And one of its manifestations is fine art. Drawing pacifies, relaxes and allows you to realize your creativity. If you are just taking the first steps in painting, then some recommendations on how to draw a still life with fruits will certainly be interesting and useful.
Such a living "dead nature" ...
Still life is a word of French origin that translates as "dead nature". This is the essence of such paintings: they are combinations of various inanimate objects. Most often, artists paint vegetables, fruits, that is, what requires rich colors. Another feature of this composition is the image of the fabric. Objects can lie on it or a table can be covered with it, but all artists try to meticulously draw the texture and color of a piece of material. Still lifes fit perfectly into any interior - this is another reason to learn how to draw them: you can decorate a hallway or kitchen with a finished picture. And each time you pass by, you cannot resist self-directed praise for your zeal and perseverance.
Necessary materials
In order for the work to argue and nothing distracts from drawing, you need to prepare in advance everything that you will need for sure:
Canvas or sheet of paper. The size can be any, but the quality must be excellent. Otherwise, the lines will fall badly, and because of this, you can completely cool down to the fine arts;
Simple pencils of different hardness and softness. With them, you can easily create various effects, including shadows and volumes;
Nature, that is, objects, fabric - everything that you want to see in the picture;
Good lighting. To draw small details, build up the projection of shadows, the lamp must be diffuse and with powerful light bulb.
Now you can start studying master classes for beginners, describing how to draw a still life with a pencil in stages.
You should start drawing with a sketch, sketch. It is he who determines how easy or difficult it will be for you to work. This sketch is done with a hard pencil, and with strokes, and not finished lines. Otherwise, after the auxiliary contours need to be erased, traces will remain. All objects that are provided in kind are depicted in the sketch using simple geometric shapes. The main purpose of a sketch is to determine the spatial arrangement of objects on a sheet.
"Friendly company"
Professionals advise you to start painting still lifes with large objects: you can make a serious mistake in small details. Therefore, our painting depicts kiwi, grapes, pears and bananas - objects with quite obvious structural details.
Instructions:
1. Let's start with a sketch. To do this, on a separate sheet, draw the location of each part using a triangle.
2. With chaotic strokes, without strong pressure on the pencil, sketch objects in the form of circles, ovals. Grapes - circles, pears - ovals, lemon - a larger circle.
3. Outline the contours with clearer lines, wipe the auxiliary lines.
4. Make shadows using a hard or hard-soft pencil.
5. Draw the lines of the structure of pears, bananas and grapes using the TM pencil.
6. We detail the kiwi in a section. With a hard-soft pencil, we make the core of the berry, depicting it as multilayer, with seeds.
7. Slightly blend the lines in the center with an eraser to make them look natural.
8. Draw the main lines, wipe the auxiliary ones.
9. Color in all the objects depicted - the picture is ready.
Beauty requires ... to be eaten
Despite the literal translation of the name of the genre, the main task of the artist is to show the perfection and naturalness of the depicted "delicacies" when it comes to a still life with berries and fruits.
Instructions:
1. Limit the area of the drawing with a few strokes.
2. Sketch a mug with a sprig of strawberries.
3. Add the outlines of apples and pears.
4. Draw a thicker line around the outline of the fruit.
5. Paint the apples and pears with suitable colors, taking into account the fact that each fruit has an unpainted area - a lens flare. On the widest part, the color should be the most intense.
6. Detail the strawberries with red strokes.
7. Finish the mug, making it in color.
8. Color the fabric, shading the places that are partially under the fruit. The picture is ready.
How to draw a fruit bowl
Fruits and berries look very nice in a vase. In this case, you can do without fabric, which means that we do not have to draw extra shadows.
Instructions:
1. We start with a vase. We draw a straight cut line.
2. Add a semicircle, making it a little flat for stability.
3. Draw a slightly curved rim of the vase.
4. Making line sketches of fruits (oranges, bananas, grapes - the simplest nature).
5. Remove unnecessary lines with an eraser, including those that intersect with the rim of the vase.
6. Define the contours of the berries that will be in the foreground, "darkening" those that will be in the background.
7. Draw the surface on which the vase stands.
8. Add highlights to the jug and draw additional decorative elements to your liking.
9. Coloring the picture - so we managed to draw a still life "a vase with exotic fruits".
Tips for Beginners If you paint in black and white, do not forget about the shadows: special attention will be drawn to them.
Don't neglect the background. Wall, window frame, old wood - these elements add a unique atmosphere.
Get rid of the monotony of color images by adding orange, green, cream, blue paints.
Don't try to combine many elements in one still life.
margarita akulova
Open lesson for teachers of visual activities in the art studio of a kindergarten with children preparatory group.
Topic:
"Autumn still life"
(in the "reverse graphics" technique)
Tasks:
1. Continue to acquaint children with one of the genres of painting - still life.
2. To acquaint with the type of fine art - graphics and "reverse" graphics.
3. Arouse in children a desire to compose a still life from the proposed objects, combining them with each other in color and size.
4. To consolidate the ability to convey in the drawing characteristics leaves, flowers, fruits: shape, structure, size, location.
5. Continue to master the techniques of working in an unconventional technique - drawing with an eraser (reverse graphics).
6. In the process of work, create a joyful mood in children, teach them the ability to enjoy the results of their work and the success of other children.
7. Support the manifestation of imagination, courage in the presentation of their own ideas.
Course of the lesson:
* Installation for a meeting in an art studio (in a group):
Guys, our pencil friend is waiting for you in the art studio, he has prepared a lot of interesting things for you.
1.
* Children in the art studio.
Today we have many guests in the art studio, welcome them.
* In the magic window - Pencil.
Guys, you and I often meet with a pencil, and he became our friend.
* On-screen Pencil and Eraser
Today he came not alone, but with an elastic band. And why he brought her, you will find out later, but now Pencil has prepared a video riddle for you, do you want to guess it?
* Video excerpt: “If you see in the picture (still life)
Guys, you guessed what we are going to talk about today, and if you want - and draw (about still life).
I invite you to a video exhibition where we will admire the still lifes of different artists.
* Viewing still lifes (on the TV screen).
Did you like the still lifes?
What time of year are these still lifes talking about? (autumn)
What colors did the artists use to convey the gifts of autumn?
Estimated children's answers: bright, warm, golden, sunny ...
See what works are bright, what a variety of colors here.
Before drawing a still life, the artist composes it.
And I also wanted to make an autumn still life.
I saved oak branches, maple leaves, flowers. We have vases, fruits.
Guys, I will try to compose a still life, and I hope you will help me.
What is our background? (dark) Choose the vase that works best (dark or light)
(-Dark vase, as if hiding)
* We compose a still life with children. We admire.
* On Screen Pencil
The pencil has prepared something else for you.
It turns out that you can depict a still life using only two colors - black and white, and this type of fine art is called graphics.
Pencil wants to show you autumn still lifes made in this technique.
* Viewing autumn still lifes (on the TV screen).
** Commentary while viewing:
If painting is a colorful art, then the main colors of graphics are black and white. Expressive means of graphics - line, drawing, transitions of color and shadow, contrast of dark and light.
* On the screen Pencil and Eraser (an excerpt from the song Big Secret ...)
But now the pencil wants to reveal the secret of why it came today with an eraser.
Often when sketching simple pencil, we use an elastic band. But the eraser not only erases, but can create a picture itself.
This is the reverse graphics or "reverse graphics".
Look through the magic window - this is the work of children in technology - reverse graphics.
* Watching children's works (on the TV screen).
The pencil has prepared tinted sheets for you and invites you to draw an autumn still life in memory of this beautiful season. Do you mind?
2.
Guys, I invite you to take a seat in our art workshop.
I wanted to draw such a still life in memory of autumn.
* I show my still life.
If you liked the still life that we put together, then you can draw it.
And you can come up with and depict your own still life.
The same subject can be depicted in different ways:
Dark - can be conveyed simply by contour drawing or by highlighting the contour
Light - a light silhouette with veins with a simple pencil
* Show three different ways of depicting one object(leaf) and how you can depict small round shapes.
* I turn on calm music
And now, to the music, you imagine your autumn still life and depict it using the technique - reverse graphics, using an eraser and a simple pencil.
Who is ready - can get to work.
* In the course of the work of children I use:
Suggestive questions:
What size should the leaves be so that everyone can see and admire them;
Can there be leaves from different trees on the same branch;
How much of a leaf can a vase take?
How can you fix the mistake - shade this part;
For drawing thin lines, it is better to use an eraser on a pencil, and for drawing a large one - with an eraser.
Indirect guidance:
And you would not want to add streaks on the leaves ...
Reminders:
Did you forget to draw a table or a shelf on which the still life is located?
How interesting you decorated the vase, well done;
I really liked the way you arranged the objects in your still life;
You have carved leaves, great ...
* In the course of work, I offer physical education for those children who are tired:
Finger gymnastics "Autumn bouquet"
Children spread their fingers to the side and bend them to the beat of the poem, in turn, starting with the thumb:
One, two, three, four, five,
We will collect the leaves. (All fingers are in a fist.)
Oak leaves, (Bend your little finger)
Maple leaves, (Bend your ring finger.)
Rowan leaves, (Bend your middle finger.)
Aspen leaves. (Bend your index finger.)
We will collect beautiful leaves together
(Fold your two palms together with your fingers apart.)
And we will carry the autumn bouquet to mom!
3.
- Guys, a little bell is ringing now. But as soon as a big bell sounds in our magic window, our art workshop will close, and we will invite all guests to the opening of the exhibition of autumn still lifes.
(-And those who did not have time to finish painting a little can do it in a group, in their free time).
* Upon completion - children's works should be placed at the exhibition
Guys, today at our meeting you learned how you can depict still lifes in different ways - both in color and in graphics, and in reverse graphics.
Your autumn still lifes turned out to be expressive, interesting, different.
And I helped you create this beauty - an ordinary eraser and a simple pencil.
You were today - graphic artists.
Who has a still life similar to ours? Why did you decide to draw it?
How you accurately portrayed the veins. What did you use?
What branches did you get thin, and what tree are they from?
And your leaves turned out like living ones.
You decorated the vase very beautifully, picked up unusual patterns.
Guys, let's admire your still lifes and invite guests to join us.
Equipment and materials: paper for drafts (of any size and quality); thick paper for painting A-3, (or A-4); simple pencil, wash, sharpener; visual aids: several well-known, simple in shape, vegetables (potatoes, carrots, onions, beets), or their dummies or images; gouache at least 9 colors; jars for water; squirrel brushes (thick - for the background, medium - for objects, thin - for strokes and small details): reproductions of still lifes with vegetables (simple but compositions), negative example schemes with typical compositional errors.
Lesson objectives: consolidate the concept of vegetables, introduce the concept of "still life", consolidate the knowledge gained about the layout of the main objects of the image, further acquaintance with the laws of composition - learn how to harmoniously arrange objects on the plane of the sheet in a frontal composition, taking into account free space and format, teach drawing simple geometric shapes and to feel their connection with a real object, to acquaint with the techniques of working with gouache, to acquaint with the sequence of work when drawing with paints, to develop thinking, observation, attention, memory, fine motor skills of the hand.
Course of the lesson
1. Organizational moment: we check the availability of materials and their readiness for work. (The paints are closed, no water is collected. We open the paints and collect water just before painting!)
2. Message of the topic of the lesson. Guys, what did we draw with you in the last lesson? Is an apple a fruit or a vegetable? What vegetables do you know? How are they different from fruits? Today we will be drawing a still life with vegetables, like real artists.
The teacher shows a reproduction of a painting or a photographic still life depicting vegetables.
What is still life? This is an image of non-living objects: fruits, dishes, flowers, vegetables, or all at once. We will draw vegetables with you. Shows which ones.
3. Workout. In order for the picture to turn out beautiful, we will first practice - on the draft sheets we will try to draw the shape of different vegetables. Look guys, what shape is the potato? These are jagged circles or ovals. Let's draw a potato in one motion (shows on his sheet). Now try to draw it gradually, with many strokes (shows). While the guys are trying to draw on the draft, the teacher helps, reminding them that the hand is relaxed, that there is no need to press hard on the pencil, that the line should return to the point from which it left.
Well done! Now, let's see what shape the carrots are. It looks like a strongly elongated triangle, only its corners are not sharp, but rounded. The teacher shows on his sheet, the guys train - they draw several carrots of different sizes.
Note: for small children, with no high level preparation, two types of vegetables of a simple form are enough. If the lesson is conducted with older children, with a higher level of knowledge, skills and ability to concentrate, then the task can be complicated: add vegetables and, even, introduce simple objects into the composition.
4. Execution of work. The teacher distributes paper for work. To practice layout skills, a free sense of paper space, it is better to take A-3 paper for this work. The teacher draws a straight line in the middle of his sheet and, comparing it with a reproduction, asks: Guys, what kind of line did I draw? What have I drawn? Then he explains that this is how the plane of the table is indicated when drawing a lot of objects. Further, he shows how to arrange vegetables on the table in a free order, recalling the law of the location of the main characters in the center of the picture.
Introduces several new laws: on the relationship between the horizontal arrangement of objects and the horizontal arrangement of a sheet of paper, on the effect of obstructing distant objects by close ones. Since at this age the visual abilities of children are just being formed, they may not feel well the connection between the shape, size and interposition of objects with the free space of the sheet. The learning objectives include the gradual formation of this feeling. To this end, in the first lessons, the teacher gradually explains and shows the simplest laws of layout and then gently controls their implementation (by reminding and drawing the child's attention to mistakes) until the children learn them.
Typical mistakes in drawing a still life and overcoming them:
- The objects are drawn too small - we correct their size to harmonious connection with the free space of the sheet.
- Objects are "stuck together in one pile", or are strongly displaced in any direction so that in other places the sheet looks unjustifiably empty - freely and harmoniously redistribute them over the sheet, with an accent in the center.
- Objects are unjustifiably shifted to the edges of the sheet, "fall out" of the sheet, or even cut off by the edge of the sheet - we shift them to the middle so that the central visual zone is filled, and all objects are fully visible.
- To avoid these three typical mistakes layout, it is advisable to have schematically drawn negative examples of such erroneous compositions, and show them when explaining how to do it wrong.
- The contours of the objects are not closed - we remove the gaps, bring the lines to the point from which they came out.
- You constantly have to remind you of the need to wipe off extra lines where the near object obscures the far one. (A separate lesson can be devoted to this topic).
Lesson options: can pose a more complex compositional task - arrangement of small vegetables around the periphery of a larger object in the center - potatoes around a cabbage swing.
After the still life is arranged, you can draw water, open the gouache and start painting. At this stage, we note the following significant points:
The quality of paper, brushes and gouache paints - the paper should be thick, suitable for painting; gouache should be fresh, plastic, at least 9 colors; squirrel brushes, soft, several sizes for different types works. If the quality of the materials for drawing is low (thin writing paper, synthetic brushes and 6 jars of old dried gouache inherited from the grandmother), the child will experience the joy of creativity, but it is illogical to expect any aesthetic result from such activities.
Kids, as a rule, begin to paint the work not from large details to small ones, but on the contrary - not the apple itself, for example, but the tail of the apple, not the landscape behind the person, but the eyes and mouth on the person's face, etc. This feature of children's perception needs to be rebuilt. We begin to paint picturesque compositions of any content from the background, successively moving from. more and more large objects, to small details! In this topic, these are the background at the table and the plane of the table. We turn to the main “heroes” of the composition, in this case - vegetables, in the last turn.
Immediately, from the first lessons of painting, it is important to teach children to mix paints! To do this, the teacher invites the children to choose their favorite color for the background, then choose related colors (for example, all blue and green, or all warm - yellow, orange, ocher) and, mixing them in any sequence, paint over the background so that a colorful vibration is created , the flow of one color into another, the neighborhood of different shades of one or more colors.
In the first lessons, the teacher himself shows how this is done, and then follows and helps the children master this pictorial rule. The same is done with the table: if it is a wooden table, all colors corresponding to the wood are selected (all warm, plus shades of green), and the texture of the wood is conveyed with separate strokes of different shades. If you plan to depict a tablecloth or napkins, we select colors based on the background and the color of vegetables, with elements of a simple pattern.
- Strokes of paint, like strokes with a pencil, are placed in the shape of objects!
- Unobtrusively, we draw the guys' attention to the presence of shadows, and we make them by adding cold blue tones, or by adding black.
- If it is difficult for the guys to achieve tonal and color contrast, and the objects are "mixed" and difficult to distinguish - you can and should use the technique of stroking in a dark tone with a thin brush.
5. Lesson summary. Children should consolidate the concept of fruits and vegetables, know what a "still life" is, know the above layout rules, the procedure for painting work, the rule of mixing colors, and master drawing a few simple-shaped vegetables. At the end of the lesson, a general exhibition is arranged, the works are discussed. Praise deserves all who tried, regardless of the result.
6. Completion of the lesson: cleaning of workplaces.
