What is time? Simple explanation. The use of tenses in English: the logic of using a horse with a pink mane events occur

Physicists make a shocking statement - time does not exist

Physicists have made a shocking statement - time does not exist. For humans, time definitely exists: we wake up in the morning, move forward in time during the day, and at some point go to bed, and in a dream we also continue to move forward in time. The old adage "time waits" seems quite true, doesn't it?

The trouble began when Einstein's general theory of relativity, which describes the laws of physics on a large scale, collided with quantum physics- a field that tries to describe the smallest particles in the universe, and the theory of wave-particle duality, which claims that light is both waves and particles, has been tested for the first time. For years, physicists have been trying to unify two disparate areas through the Grand Unifying Equation, believing that, despite the scale, everything in the universe must be interconnected - from particles to galaxies.

Just over 40 years ago, two brilliant physicists John Wheeler and Bryce-DeWitt developed such an equation. However, their discovery immediately seemed controversial, because if the equation is correct, then such a thing as time, does not exist at all at the most fundamental level of matter. Although the concept is confusing, it seems to be true, and what we subjectively perceive as "time" is actually a measurable effect of global changes in the world around us. And the more we delve into the world of atoms and photons, the less relevant the concept of time becomes. This opinion is confirmed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

NIST is the custodian of the most accurate atomic clock in the world, against which all other clocks around the world are verified. Scientists from NIST claim that their ultra-precise clock don't measure time at all: The time is determined by the marks on the clock. In fact, time allows us to create order in life: if we didn’t come up with such a concept as “time”, there would be complete chaos around. seems to agree with this.

Scientists at the Bistra Research Center in Ptu, Slovenia, have put forward the theory that Newton's idea of ​​time as an absolute measure that moves on its own, and also that time is the fourth existing dimension, are wrong. They proposed replacing these conceptions of time with a new perspective that better relates to the physical world: time is just a numerological order of physical change.

Editorial

Time really doesn't exist, and never has. Academician Nikolai Levashov explains this by saying that the term "time" was invented by people for your own convenience. In nature, there are only processes that occur in one way or another. Processes can be periodic (repeating) or non-periodic. But any process that reflects what we mean by the term "time", not in nature! In his unique book, academician N.V. Levashov discussed this issue in chapter 12 "System of Matrix Spaces", in the following way:

«… And one more thing ... I would like to draw your attention to such a natural phenomenon as time. What is time? Each person knows the day of his birth and the fact that from that day he goes sometimes faster, sometimes more slowly towards his death ... A person knows that He has been given a certain life span., measured in years, months, days, hours, minutes and seconds...

But few people understand that time doesn't exist at all that it is only a frame of reference that man invented on Earth for his own convenience. Time is conditional, how conditional the processes taking place in matter, in matter, which have their own cycles, rhythms, and a person uses them as a unit of time reference. The same processes in different parts of the planet occur with some differences, which are often so insignificant that they are simply not noticed. But nonetheless, they are. Process speed is influenced by the shape of material bodies, the quantity and quality of energies coming from. And I would like to note that changes (perturbations) occur not only at the physical level. They also arise at all other levels.

The impact of flows coming from outside, first of all, causes changes in mental, then on the astral and etheric levels. And only after that - on the physical. This is due to the fact that they all make up one system, but have different quantitative and qualitative composition their forming matters, and also have different mobility of structures (inertia). And therefore, to create instability and modification, a different force of external influence is needed to cause this change. The change that has arisen on the outer planes of our planet, successively passing through the previous levels, will reach the naturally physical level and manifest itself on it. Now we have come to understand the possibility visions of the future... And, as you can see, there is nothing mystical or supernatural about it.

Imagine that you and I are in a seven-story building. The first floor is the physical level and, accordingly, the second is ethereal, the third is astral, the fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh are the first, second, third and fourth mental levels. And now consider the situation when the "residents" of the seventh floor did not turn off the water, and it begins to flood this floor. After some time, the water will seep into the sixth, then the fifth, fourth, third, second and, finally, the first floor. And if some “tenant” of the first floor takes the elevator to the seventh floor before the water seeps to the other floors, sees this and goes down, starts warning everyone else about the danger, then they can just make fun of him ... Or just will be considered crazy, as was very often the case with those whom people called " prophets" or " clairvoyant“, because what they saw on the “seventh floor” most often did not really like those in power on “ first»...

And it was always better for such a “seer” to simply find the “key” to the apartment where water flows and try (if possible, of course) to turn off the tap. But very rarely, unfortunately, it was possible to find this “key” ... And many prophets, due to their ignorance or at the behest of the “strongest”, people simply threw stones or burned at the stake, like sorcerers and witches ... One of the most famous prophetesses and clairvoyants was the queen Mikalda, which, a thousand years before the birth of Christ, described the events associated with him and even showed the tree from which the cross would be made, on which he would be crucified. This woman caused horror in the minds of the people around her, who were unable to understand what was happening. Only three of the nine books written by her about the Future of Humanity have survived to this day, the rest were burned ... Another woman who was reputed to be clairvoyant was Cassandra from, the daughter of King Pierce, who was also not understood even by the people closest to her (Homer writes about this in part). The later prophet was Nostradamus, who in his poems very accurately described the events of the future, but unfortunately he did not find that “magic key” to change anything ...

These are the ones that we have more or less heard about, and how many names the memory of mankind has not preserved ... Almost always these people were very unhappy and incomprehensible to their contemporaries. They were crushed and oppressed by the weight of knowing the future, which they were unable to change... The depth of penetration by thought, consciousness into the future depends on the level, “floor” of the planet, a person could shift his consciousness to. The maximum depth of penetration into the future of our planet is possible with a mental shift to the fourth mental level of the planet. At the same time, you can look hundreds, thousands of years ahead. The minimum shift is to the ethereal level, when you can see the future of the coming days, months and years…”

And one more small, but very useful fragment for us from the same chapter:

«… The Future and the Past are material and real, and are parts of one inseparable process . Nuclear physics faced a paradox at the level of elementary particles - the past determines the future... In principle, there is no paradox in this, it is natural and natural, just as death is natural after birth. Death on one level is birth on another and vice versa…”

This wonderful book was first published in a small edition 20 years ago. And, despite the fact that then its distribution was diligently hindered by those in power, "scientists" today are still forced to openly admit that the term "time", invented by people for the convenience of organizing their lives, does not exist in nature. Congratulations to everyone on debunking yet another "scientific" myth...

Many philosophers and sages of East and West have argued that time does not really exist. Thus, Democritus, following Parmenides in this, wrote: "Time is appearance in the form of days and nights." Aristotle defined time as “the number (that is, the measure) of movement”, which means that movement is real, while time is relative. But on the other hand, why then is the power of time over a person so inexorable, why can't we turn back time, stop it or speed it up?

From the point of view of Indian philosophy, there are different levels of consciousness and reality, and on each of them time has different meaning and different origins.

1) Objective or objective time - the time of the waking world, which "gathers" our consciousness when we are awake. About this time, the words of Plato in Timaeus remain true, that the planets are “instruments of time”, that is, this time is literally generated, and not just measured, by the movement of the planets (stars are also included in this concept). Indeed, if time is the number of motion, then in the Universe the greatest amount of motion (momentum) has the total motion of stars and planets.

2) Subjective time - psychological time, the time of dreams. Here, time is derived from the intensity of experiences and their quality, as described in the above quotation from the Mahatma Letters. We can speed up and slow down this time, but we cannot stop or reverse it.

3) The time of dreamless sleep is no longer quite the time in our usual sense. This time is semantic, which is generated by attention. When we say "You won't give me some time", it's the same as "You won't give me some attention", which means time and attention have the same root. But at the level of dreamless sleep, the boundaries of subjects are erased, and we need to talk about some kind of subjectless attention, which can be compared with currents in the intelligent ocean of Solaris. Although this attention is subjectless, in religions it is sometimes personified in the image of God. So, this is that terrible Time (Kala), the image of which Krishna showed to Arjuna in the XI chapter of the Bhagavad Gita.

4) And only at the 4th level of consciousness and reality there really is no time, since this is the level of the Absolute, incomprehensible and inexpressible in our human concepts, including in terms of time.

So, time is really relative and does not have an independent reality, but on different levels it has a different nature and different sources. And since human existence and man himself as such also have a relative existence on the same levels of relativity, it is logical that human existence is subject to the limitations of time of the corresponding level. In order to be completely freed from the limitations of time, one must finally dissolve in the Absolute.

In the section on the question At what time and where do the events of the story "the horse with the pink mane" take place? PS continued inside given by the author demand the best answer is "The Horse with a Pink Mane" - a story from V. Astafyev's autobiographical book "The Last Bow". The writer's mother drowned in the Yenisei, the boy was raised by his grandmother - Ekaterina Petrovna Potylitsyna. The author pays her last respects to her. The events take place in a Siberian village in the 1930s - this is the time of the author's biographical childhood. At that time, the Russian village lived very hard: poverty, the consequences of collectivization, etc. This was also reflected in the story - the grandmother is forced to sell strawberries in the city, and the gingerbread horse for the young hero is of great value, because such a delicacy fell out infrequently. But the story primarily tells about the lesson of wisdom and kindness, which the author remembers all his life.

Answer from Louise Gudkova[newbie]


Answer from to christen[active]
Events take place in the summer in Siberia.


Answer from Neurosis[active]
In the village


Answer from igrok igrok[newbie]
wwww


Answer from Narek Akobian[newbie]
The events of the story take place in a Siberian village before the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. Signs of this time - a hungry life, individual farming, lack of cars and good roads, rare trips to the city by boat. Characteristic signs of the place - Yenisei, ridges, taiga near the village


Answer from $ALEKS$[newbie]
nothing


Answer from Yovetlana Nikiforova[newbie]
The events of the story take place in a Siberian village


Answer from MICHA SMOLNIKOV[newbie]
events

Time is based on seconds, minutes and hours. While the basis for these units has changed throughout history, their roots can be traced back to the ancient state of Sumer. The modern international unit of time is determined by the electronic transition of the cesium atom. But what is this physical quantity?

Time measures the progress of events

Time is a measure of the progression of events. Physicists define this quantity as the progression of events from the past to the present and into the future. In principle, if the system is immutable, it is outside this indicator. Time can be seen as the fourth dimension of reality, used to describe events in three-dimensional space. It is not something we can see, feel or taste, but we can measure its passage.

The arrow shows that time moves from the past to the future, and not vice versa.

The arrow on the clock shows that time moves from the past to the future, and not in the other direction. Physical equations work equally well whether the quantity goes forward into the future (positive time) or backward into the past (negative time). However, in the natural world, this value has one direction. The question of why it is irreversible is one of the biggest unresolved questions in science.

One explanation is that the natural world follows the laws of thermodynamics. The second law of thermodynamics states that in a closed system, its entropy remains constant or increases. If the universe is considered a closed system, its entropy (degree of disorder) can never decrease. In other words, time cannot return to the exact state it was in at an earlier point. This value cannot move backward.

Deceleration or acceleration

Time is precisely counted by serviceable clocks. V classical mechanics it is the same everywhere. However, we know from Einstein's special and general theory of relativity that magnitude is a relative concept. The exponent depends on the reference frame of the observer. This can lead to subjective slowdown, where the time between events gets longer (expands) the closer one of them is to the speed of light.

Moving clocks run slower than stationary clocks, and the effect becomes more pronounced as the moving mechanism approaches the speed of light. Clocks in Earth's orbit record time more slowly than on its surface, muon particles decay more slowly as they fall, and the Michelson-Morley experiment confirmed length contraction and magnitude expansion.

Parallel reality contributes to the avoidance of the temporal paradox when traveling through time

The temporal paradox in time travel can be avoided by traveling to a parallel reality. Travel means moving forward or backward at different points, just as you can move between different points in space. Jumping forward in time occurs in nature. The astronauts on the space station are subject to acceleration as they return to Earth and slow down relative to the station.

Existing problems

However, time travel creates problems. One of them is causality, or causality. Moving backwards can provoke a time paradox.

The "grandfather paradox" is a classic example in science. According to him, if you go back and kill your grandfather before your mother or father is born, you can prevent your own birth.

Many physicists believe that time travel to the past is impossible, but there are solutions to the paradox such as travel between parallel universes or branch points.

Perception of a physical quantity

Aging affects the perception of time, although scientists do not agree with this provision. The human brain is capable of keeping track of time. The suprachiasmatic nuclei of the brain are the area responsible for the daily or circadian natural rhythms. Neurostimulants and drugs significantly affect his perception. Chemical substances, which excite neurons, cause them to function faster, while reducing the work of neurons slows down the perception of time.

Basically, when everything around you seems to be speeding up, the brain produces more events within a certain interval. In this regard, time really does seem to fly when you're having fun. But it seems to slow down in time emergencies or danger.

Scientists at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston say the brain isn't actually speeding up, but an area like the amygdala is getting more active. The amygdala is the part of the brain that is responsible for creating memories. As more memories form, time seems to drag on.

The same phenomenon explains why older people seem to perceive time at a faster pace than when they were younger. Psychologists believe that the brain forms more memories of new experiences than of familiar ones. Since there are fewer and fewer new memories in the later period of life, time seems to pass faster in the perception of an older person.

Beginning and end of time

More and more scientists are inclined to believe that our Universe was born as a result of a powerful explosion of a certain conditional point, in which such indicators as mass, time and space were not noted.

Astronomer Stephen Hawking and his Cambridge colleague Neil Turok suggest that there was originally an idea from which the word was born. It was these two concepts that included time and space.

It is not known whether time has a beginning or an end. As far as the universe is concerned, time has begun in it. The starting point was 13,799 billion years ago when the Big Bang happened. Evidence of this process is the relic radiation in space and the position of the receding galaxies. At this time, transitions from one level of natural organization to another begin to take place - from the nucleus to the atom, and then to the molecule, from which living matter appeared.

We can measure the cosmic background radiation as microwaves from the Big Bang, but no radiation with an earlier origin has been noted.

One argument about the origin of time is that if it were to expand indefinitely, then the night sky would be filled with the light of old stars.

Will there be an end time?

The answer to this question is unknown. If the universe expands forever, time will continue. If a new Big Bang occurs, our timeline will end and a new countdown will begin. In particle physics experiments, random particles emerge from the vacuum, so the universe does not appear to become static or timeless. Time will tell…