- Sholom Aleichem!
- Aleichem shalom!
-Where are you coming from?
- From Warsaw.
- What do you do?
– I am a Jewish newspaper.
- What is your name?
- "Judisches Volks-Zeitung". And you, where are you from?
-Where should I be from? From Yehupets.
- What do you do?
– What should I do? I am a Jewish writer.
- What is your name?
– Sholom Aleichem.
– Sholom Aleichem? That means you can live in peace and harmony!
– The same to you and your children!
- What are you doing, Mr. Sholom Aleichem?
- What should we do? We are writing.
- What are we writing?
– What should we write? What we see is what we write about.
– What do the scriptures you write give you?
– What can they give? Sorrows, colic, tears, resentment, torment, suffering, anxiety...
- And it's all?
-What else do you want?
- I mean...
- Honor? Without measure, without counting! No writer in the world has as much honor as the Jewish writer. It's no joke, the Jews have a writer, a person who writes!
-Are you serious?
- So what? Just kidding, right? Look for yourself what is happening on our anniversaries. Best wishes from admirers, from ardent admirers and simply from zealous readers are flying from all over the world - from Kasrilovka, from Tuneyadovka, from Teterevets, from Zatrapezovka, from Galaganishk, from Strishch, from everywhere! And what about the correspondence that the hero of the day himself publishes in newspapers?! And what about feasts, banquets, toasts?! The sea is flooded! And the scholarships, and the donations that are made at this time for the benefit of the working people of the Promised Land!.. Are you kidding - what kind of honor is given to a Jewish writer?
- No, that’s not what I’m talking about; I mean...
- Earnings? Mouth full! If only there was enough free time, in addition to being a melamed, a shopkeeper, a broker, a matchmaker, or simply a person who does not refuse alms, who is able to go from house to house and collect money for the publication of his book. Are you making jokes with a Jewish writer? The Jewish writer is a free man!
– What does a free person mean?
- He is free from all blessings in this and the next world; he is free from a piece of bread, from health, from friends, from his wife and children, from all the joys of life...
“It seems to me, Mr. Sholom Aleichem, that here the bile is already speaking in you, you are even getting into the jungle of intolerance.” ...This is not good. It is not becoming for a Jewish writer who writes for the people to attack the Jews like that. A Jew must accept everything in life with love and say three times a day...
- "All goes to good"?
- Certainly! All goes to good! What would happen if you didn’t even have that? What appearance would we have among the nations if we threw off our only caftan? Do we have other clothes besides our literature to show off in before the world?
- Perhaps you are right.
– How is this “maybe”? For sure! But let's talk about something more fun.
- About the wake?
- Not that. I have to see you...
- Request? Print someone in the newspapers?
- God forbid! I have a little business for you.
- Regarding matchmaking?
- No... But yes, in terms of matchmaking.
-Who is the groom? Where is the bride from?
– The groom is in Yegupiec, the bride is in Warsaw.
- Too far for matchmaking. What should they be called?
– The bride’s name is “Yudishes Volks-Zeitung”, and the groom’s name is Sholom Aleichem. Do you like the plan?
- Not bad. If only...
– What “if only”?
- If only... Nothing...
- I don’t like omissions. Tell me what bothers you?
– What can confuse me? Nothing bothers me one bit! In a word, what do you want?
- This is what I want. Since I am a Jewish newspaper, and you are a Jewish writer, I want you to write, and I to print.
- What should I write?
- Feuilletons... To make people laugh.
- Laugh? Because I want to cry...
“You can cry as long as the audience laughs.” Do you understand?
- I understand, how can I not understand? You want me to introduce myself as a buffoon, a comedian, a clown, a clown, to amuse the audience with words...
- ABOUT! Just contact a Jewish writer! Who said - buffoon, comedian, clown, buffoon? I just want your writings to contain a joke, a joke, a clap on the shoulder, and a slap on the backside. In short, the public must be pleased...
- So that everyone would say: “Damn this Sholom Aleichem! Well, his tongue would be numb! Well, his little hand would be dry!”
“And I also want you to really talk to our Jews, and precisely in their dialect, in their native language, so that you tell them this: you, they say, are this and that, you, they say, are both different and different! That is, you must cut them like a nut, but beautifully, decorously and nobly. Do you understand me?
- I understand, how can I not understand? Do you want us to play with them that game called “cat and mouse”?.. So be it... If only...
– What “if only”?
- If only... Nothing.
“I told you, I can’t stand omissions.” Let's be honest, what bothers you?
– What can confuse me? Nothing bothers me one bit. In a word, what more do you want?
– Also give them skits...
- So that they yawn?
– Tell them stories...
– So that they fall asleep faster?
– Write a big novel, a novel with love, with touching scenes that will take your breath away. In a word, to have a romance...
– In six parts with a prologue and epilogue, a la Shomer? Scenes that are incongruous with anything, wild, absurd, neither village nor city?.. Melamed from Nesvizh begins love with the maid Rivka; he writes hot letters, she sings sensitive songs; then he leaves for Paris and nine months later returns to the barons or a millionaire and finds his beloved in the kitchen of the moneylender Ephraim, a bandit, murderer, murderer. Here a duel breaks out between them: the moneylender Ephraim wants to split the Nesvizh baron in half; then the baron runs to the governor, wakes him up and returns with him and three gendarmes; Seeing such a turn of events, the moneylender grabs a knife and stabs himself, the maid Rivka faints and sings a German-Jewish song, so heartbreaking that even a stone could melt...
- All? Have you finished yet? There is no need for Nesvizh melameds to go to Paris, for governors to be woken up in the middle of the night, for moneylenders to kill themselves and for maids to sing heartbreaking German-Jewish songs in the kitchen. I want you to give a novel, but a Jewish novel, love, but a Jewish love. Do you understand me?
– I understand, why not understand? Do you want me to write about life, about authentic Jewish life? Do you want me to write with the blood of my heart, with my nerves, from the depths of my soul, something for which you pay with your health and grow old before your time, from which your face becomes covered with wrinkles and your head turns gray, is that what you want? So be it... If only...
– What “if only”?
- If only... Nothing.
- More omissions? Finally, tell me what bothers you?
– What can confuse me? Nothing bothers me one bit! In short, what else do you want?
– I want you to take the trouble to look through all the books and little books that writers write at least once a month...
- They're running out of paper...
- But printers print...
- As you grease it, so will you go. Once they get paid, they print.
“But booksellers take it.”
- They exchange a book for a book, an awl for sewing...
- But people read...
– What else does he have left? They don't give bran to the cattle - they chew straw...
- So you take the trouble to look through all this, read it, and then briefly retell it to the reader, chew it thoroughly for him, explain what is good and what is no good...
– We must spare his stomach...
- In a word, you will write criticism.
- Is it a big deal?! I will become the same beast and die in the same herd...
- But what? I ask that all this be done without unnecessary noise...
- Why shout?
- And without fire...
- And without water...
- And without anger...
- Being angry is a sin...
– Your criticism should be not boring, and useful, and serious, and humorous... Do you understand me?
- Understand! Why not understand? You want me to concoct a real tsimes for you from the rubbish that litters our literary market. Rummaging through a pile of manure - maybe one day you'll find a pearl - is easy work; it won't make you blue in the face for long - it's so good for both body and soul. Well, not bad... I'm ready, if only...
– What “if only”?
- If only... Nothing...
- Ugh, Mr. Sholom Aleichem! I have told you how many times that I do not tolerate omissions. You must be frank with me. Please tell me what your “if only” means?.. Money?
– Who talks about money?
- What? Honor?
- Who talks about honor?
- What? Health?
– What can we say about health?
- What are you talking about! keep repeating “if only”?
– If only they read it!..
Sholom Aleichem is a Jewish address exchanged between ordinary people when they meet. “Peace be with you” is what it means. This fictitious name was chosen for himself by a young author who wrote about ordinary people in their native language - Yiddish. Here is Sholom Aleichem, a writer. The photo shows a man with kind, insightful eyes and humor, which he transferred to the pages of his stories, novels and novels.
Childhood
Sholom Nokhumovich Rabinovich was born in 1859 into a poor family in Pereyaslavl in Little Russia. Then the family moved to the town of Voronkovo, also in Ukraine. The teenager's childhood was poisoned by her stepmother from the age of 13. In the cold winter, he often sat outside near the house, where he was not allowed. Now, if a cart or a cab had arrived, then the boy could have led them into an inhospitable house, where there were several closets with beds for guests. Then he himself could warm up. But in winter there are rich guests who do not stay at the visiting house of Nokhum Rabinovich. They prefer the hotel of Naum Yasnogradsky. Freezing Sholom dreams of finding a treasure that is buried somewhere in Voronkovo, and now, after the family went bankrupt, they live again in Pereyaslavl. So Sholom lived in a large, bankrupt family, where there were brothers, sisters, and stepmother’s children. Jews had great respect for learning; they always had a reverent attitude toward books. Therefore, everyone, even the poorest boys, went to school (for girls this was considered optional). The first “work” he wrote was a list of his stepmother’s curses, which he arranged in alphabetical order. It is at home that Sholom Aleichem looks at the changing guests. His biography is replenished by meeting many people who will later turn to the pages of his books. After school, the young man graduated from college and dreamed of continuing his studies in Zhitomir at the institute and becoming a teacher.
Wandering
But young Sholom Aleichem must earn his living. He wanders around small places, working as a tutor. No one stands on ceremony with him. He is often offered the floor instead of a bed, and his hunger annoys his hosts, who glare as food disappears from the table. At night it even happens to cradle small children. Finally, Sholom was lucky. At the age of 17, he ended up in a very rich house, where he teaches a fourteen-year-old girl. Everything is fine. But, as has been described more than once in literature, the teacher and student begin to experience tender feelings for each other. This is noticed by the father, who is a good judge of people. This will be Sholom Aleichem. The photo shows a kind but impractical man.
The girl’s father immediately realized that the young man did not have the spirit of an entrepreneur. This guy won't suit you as a son-in-law. This glorious dreamer will not even make a good assistant in business. Therefore, the whole family leaves secretly at night. Waking up in the morning, Sholom Aleichem, whose biography suddenly takes a terrible turn, discovers that he is completely alone in the house. The payment is left in a visible place for him, and that’s it. It is unknown where to look for your love.
Marriage
Sholom wandered around Little Russia for many years until he persuaded his beloved to run away from home. They got married against her parents' wishes. And two years later the father-in-law died, and in 1885 a huge fortune fell on the young family. An inexperienced player on the Kyiv and Odessa stock exchanges quickly lost his entire inheritance in five years. He is not a businessman - a simple-minded Sholom Aleichem. His biography, as his father-in-law had foreseen, would take a different path.
Becoming a writer
In 1888, Sholom Aleichem began to engage in publishing with the remainder of his funds. Collections of the “Jewish People's Library” appear in print. He looked for Jewish talents throughout vast Russia and found them in shops, shoemakers, and funeral parlors. He paid very high fees and financially supported elderly writers. He began writing and publishing himself. His novels “Stempenyu” and “Iosele the Nightingale” are published. And in 1894 he began a new novel, the main one in his life, “Tevye the Milkman.” This is how Sholom Aleichem, a Jewish writer, is gradually born.
Jewish pogroms
In 1903-1905, the writer's family lived poorly on literary fees in Kyiv. It is big, there are six children in it. And now in the south and southwest of the country there is a terrible wave of Jewish pogroms. People are tortured before they die.
Innocent people are beaten with stones, shovels, axes, women and girls are raped. Jewish houses and shops are destroyed, property is destroyed, synagogues are destroyed, holy books are destroyed. But the police are silent, as if nothing is happening, and if they react, it is very sluggish. At this time, the writer was actively writing pamphlets, feuilletons and stories dedicated to these nightmares (“Gold”, “Shmulik”, “Joseph”). Because of these horrors, the writer’s family leaves first for Switzerland and then for the USA. This is how Sholom Aleichem becomes a wanderer. The biography turns new pages.
Overseas
The first time in the “land of freedom” goes well. He is advertised by both the Jewish press and American publications, comparing him to Mark Twain. But this quickly stops. Less than a year has passed since the publication of his new book “Motl Boy” is suspended, and the writer and his family are forced to return to Russia.
At home
There is no money in the family, and the writer travels around the country with readings of his books. In 1908 he fell ill with tuberculosis. He has been engaged in literary activity for 25 years, he is loved and appreciated, and publishers make money from his works.
The family is poor. And now Jews all over the country are raising money to buy the rights to publish his books. This was successful, and they were handed over to the author. A sick writer goes to Germany for treatment. There he finds himself in a world war. He and his family are deported to Russia. But due to hostilities, it is impossible to return to it.
America again
Here he will spend two years before his death, dreaming of returning to his native land and being buried next to his father in Kyiv. His grandchildren are already growing up. Bel Kaufman, who wrote Up the Down Staircase, is his own granddaughter and has many fond memories of her grandfather.
In 1916, Sholem Aleichem died in America, far from his homeland. The biography, briefly outlined, has come to an end. It must be said that he will be buried in front of a huge crowd of people in a cemetery in New York. And his books live on and are read with no less interest than at the time they were written.
“Shalom” is a very famous and popular expression that many people have heard. This word has an ancient history and deep spiritual meaning. This article will tell you what "shalom" means in Hebrew.
Meaning of the word
What does "shalom" mean? What is the translation of this word? Shalom (Hebrew: שָׁלוֹם shalom) is a Hebrew word meaning peace, harmony, wholeness, completeness, prosperity, well-being and tranquility. Can also be used idiomatically to mean "hello" and "goodbye".
Just as in European languages, the expression can mean peace between several entities (especially between a person and God or between two countries), as well as the well-being, well-being or security of a person or group of people.
Scholars Stendebach and Ringgren write that a more careful etymological analysis of the Hebrew roots shows that the root "lom" was the main part of the word. The word "shalom" also appears in many other expressions and names. Its equivalents are the related Arabic word salam, Maltese slim, which are derived from the proto-Semitic root "S-L-M".
Etymology of the word
In Hebrew, words are usually formed from three root consonants. When root consonants are combined with different vowels and additional letters, many words can be formed from the same root, often with similar meanings. Thus, from this root come the words shalom (“peace, prosperity”), hishtalem (“it was worth it”), shulam (“paid”), meshulam (“paid in advance”) and shalem (“safe, peaceful”).
The word "shalom" can be translated in English as peace, in Spanish and Portuguese as paz, in French as paix, in Italian as pace, and as pax in Latin.
Mention of the word "shalom" in the Bible
What does "shalom" mean in the Bible? In scripture it is mentioned in relation to the well-being of other people, and this word is also used in prayers for the well-being of cities or nations. The completeness of something is the central meaning of the term shalom. Confirmation of this is found in other Semitic languages. The Assyrian term "salamu" means to be complete, unharmed, paid/redeemed. Sulmu is another Assyrian term meaning well-being. A similar meaning to the word "shalom" as a concept and action is seen in the Arabic term "salaam", which means to be safe, secure and forgiven.
The word "shalom" in expressions
Now it is clear what “shalom” means and in what language it is used. Also, the word "shalom" can be any part of speech. It can be a noun, adjective, verb, adverb and interjection.
The word is used in various Hebrew expressions both in Israel and abroad:
The meaning of the term "shalom" in Judaism
In Judaism, shalom (peace) is one of the fundamental principles of the Torah. The Talmud also says, “the name of God is peace,” so one should not greet another person with the word “shalom” in places such as the bathroom and toilet. Biblical scripture says that Christians can also use the word "shalom" because it is one of the sacred names of God. Therefore, when we say the expression “shalom”, we do not just greet a person, but wish him harmony and prosperity.
This term has other meanings, see Shalom Aleichem.Shalom Aleichem(Ashkenazi pronunciation - Sholom Aleichem) (Hebrew: שָׁלוֹם עֲלֵיכֶם shālôm ʻalêḵem; Yiddish שלום־עליכם Sholem Aleichem or Shulem Aleichem) is a traditional Jewish greeting meaning peace to you. The answer to this greeting is aleichem shalom (peace to you too). In modern Hebrew, only a short form of greeting is used - shalom, in Yiddish - full form ( sholem aleichem, answer aleichem-sholem).
The greeting "sholom aleichem" is mentioned in the Jerusalem Talmud, and in the singular form in the Babylonian Talmud. The plural form began to be used in relation to one person under the influence of the Arabic language (cf. Assalamu "alaikum").
This greeting (in Ashkenazi pronunciation) was used as his pseudonym by the classic of Jewish literature Solomon Naumovich Rabinovich (Sholom Aleichem).
Similar greetings in other languages
- As-salamu alaikum is a traditional Arabic and Muslim greeting.
- Pax vobiscum is a liturgical exclamation in Catholicism. Goes back to Jesus Christ greeting his disciples (Luke 24:36, John 20:19, 20:21, 20:26). Apparently Jesus used an extant Semitic phrase similar to the Hebrew expression.
Links
- Shalom Aleichem- article from the Electronic Jewish Encyclopedia
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59°39′58″ n. w. 55°18′53″ E. d.HGYAO |
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A village in the Kosinsky district of the Perm region. It is part of the Levichansky rural settlement. It is located southeast of the regional center, the village of Kosa. The distance to the district center is 49 km. According to the 2010 All-Russian Population Census, there was no permanent population in the village.
Story
Before the October Revolution, the settlement of Shalam was part of the Churakovsky volost, and in 1927 - part of the Churakovsky village council. According to the 1926 census, there were 25 households in the village and 107 people lived (52 men and 55 women). The predominant nationality is Komi-Permyaks.
As of July 1, 1963, 103 people lived in the village. The settlement was part of the Churakovsky village council.
Do you know what the Hebrew word “Shalom” means?
Many people think that this is just some kind of analogue of the word “hello”. But this is far from true.
The word shalom is formed from the root שָּׁ (the letter “shin”), לֹ (the letter “lamed”) and ם (the letter “ma’am”), in sound expression, respectively, “Ш” “Л” “М”, which has an extremely deep meaning and is so multifaceted meaning that it is simply impossible to translate it in its entirety into another language. In addition to “peace”, “tranquility” and “well-being”, this root expresses the meanings of “unity, integrity, wholeness”, “completeness”, “perfection” and “improvement”. These meanings are manifested in words formed from this root: shalem - “whole”, shelmut – “wholeness, integrity, perfection”
Shalum – “perfect”
mushlyam – “perfect, ideal” and “complete”,
the verb lehishtalem - “to be worthwhile” and “to improve” and the noun derived from it hishtalmut - “improvement” and “advanced training”,
the verb lehashlim takes on several meanings at once: “complete, complement”, “improve” and “reconcile”. Hence the noun hashlama – “completion; addition; reconciliation".
Another seemingly unexpected meaning of the root שָּׁ לֹ ם is “payment”. Associated with this concept is the verb leshalem – “to pay”, as well as words such as tashlyum – “reward, payment”, shilyumim – “compensation, payments” and others. The connection with the other meanings of the root שָּׁ לֹ ם is absent here only at first glance, because compensation, payment of a debt is replenishment, restoration of lost integrity. As you can now see, shalom is a word with a truly comprehensive meaning, the essence of which is harmony, unity , completeness. In the Even Shoshan explanatory dictionary, “shalom” is defined as “reality.” And it is not surprising that in Judaism “Shalom” is used as one of the names of the Almighty. And this shalom is also available to His people. “Great is the peace (shalom) of those who love Your law, and there is no stumbling block for them” (Ps. 119:165)
We see something similar on the pages of the New Testament, when Yeshua says to His disciples: “Peace (shalom) I leave with you, my peace (shalom) I give to you; not as the world gives, I give to you. Let not your heart be troubled, neither let it be afraid” (John 14:27)
And as we saw above, this world - shalom is indeed very important. Even Shoshana’s definition is very interesting and deep - that this is “reality”. Lat. realis - material, real. To put it another way, shalom determines our reality, our actuality. Yeshua, addressing his disciples, said that they should bring such reality into the homes of people, so that they would be people of peace, i.e. shaloma. “And when you enter a house, greet it, saying: peace (shalom) to this house; and if the house is worthy, then your peace (shalom) will come upon it; But if you are not worthy, then your peace (shalom) will return to you” (Matt. 10:12,13) Shalom essentially defines who we are. He makes us perfect and whole. He fills us with harmony with God and ourselves. This is not an artificial smile and an empty soul behind it. This is the inner fullness from the Almighty that changes you and the environment around you. It completely transforms our reality, which is completely incomprehensible to many people around us. But it becomes our natural reality. Therefore, when we say “shalom” to someone, we are not just greeting him. By saying “shalom”, we wish for wholeness, completeness, perfection, repayment of debts, if any
there are improvements as we “leave behind those things which are behind and press forward unto the honor of a higher calling in Yeshua the Messiah.” When we say “shalom,” we wish for a person that the peace of the shalom of the Almighty will guard his heart, his soul and that this will become a constant reality for him, and also that he will be reconciled with those with whom he may have enmity. By saying “shalom,” we wish that the Divine presence of the Spirit of the Heavenly Father would keep a person’s heart in a state of trust in Him, and that in connection with this, his heart would not be embarrassed and all fear would leave him. By this we wish that the shalom of the Almighty will help us to hear the voice of His Spirit and that we will not deviate from His correct righteous paths. By saying “shalom,” we prophesy God’s presence preserving a person’s soul. This word “shalom” is so interesting and multifaceted. And what I wrote here about him is only a brief, although the main content. May Heavenly Father bless us with His shalom! Shalom Aleichem translation
Hello Jews!!
I am looking for a good, spiritual and soulful translation of “Sholom aleichem malachay ha-shorais..” -
"Peace unto you, ministering angels..," in Russian. Preferably with history and comments
(I'm not a Jew or a Jew, but in the subject ;))
PS: I can send you good notes of this prayer for a recorder or similar instrument.
Rossich
The phrase "shalom aleichem" is translated as "peace be upon you."
and here is the translation of the song you need:
Hello angels,
Come in peace
Angels of peace, angels of the Most High,
King of Kings, blessed be He!
Bless me
Angels of peace, angels of the Most High,
King of Kings, blessed be He!
Leave in peace
Angels of peace, angels of the Most High,
King of Kings, blessed be He!
The greeting "sholom aleichem" is mentioned in the Jerusalem Talmud, and in the singular form in the Babylonian Talmud. The plural form began to be used in relation to one person under the influence of the Arabic language (cf. salaam alaikum).
This greeting (in Ashkenazi pronunciation) was used as his pseudonym by the classic of Jewish literature Solomon Naumovich Rabinovich.
Similar greetings in other languages
- Salam alaikum - traditional Arabic and Muslim greeting
- Pax vobiscum is a liturgical exclamation in Catholicism. Goes back to Jesus Christ greeting his disciples (Gospel of Luke 24:36, Gospel of John 20:19, 20:21, 20:26). Apparently Jesus used a non-preserving Semitic phrase similar to the Hebrew expression.
Links
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
See what “Shalom Aleichem” is in other dictionaries:
- (Ashkenazi pronunciation Sholom Aleichem) (Hebrew שָׁלוֹם עֲלֵיכֶם shālôm ʻalêḵem; Yiddish שלום־עליכם sholem Aleichem or Shulem Aleichem) traditional Jewish greeting, meaning bringing peace to you. The answer to this greeting is Aleichem Shalom (and... ... Wikipedia
This term has other meanings, see Shalom (meanings). This article lacks links to sources of information. Information must be verifiable, otherwise it may be questioned and deleted. You can... Wikipedia
Yiddish שלום עליכם Birth name: Solomon (Shlomo) Naumovich (Nokhumovich) Rabinovich Date of birth: February 18 (March 2 ... Wikipedia
See Sholom Aleichem. (Heb. enc.) ... Large biographical encyclopedia
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This term has other meanings, see Bila Tserkva (meanings). City of Belaya Tserkov, Ukrainian. Bila Church Flag Coat of Arms ... Wikipedia
- (Hebrew שלם Shin Lamed Mem, Arabic. سلم Sin Lam Mim) a three-letter root of Semitic languages, found in many words, many of which are used as names. The independent meaning of the root is “whole”, “safe”, ... ... Wikipedia
Or, more correctly, jargon (Judendeutsch) is a peculiar dialect that served as the folk language of the Jews, both in Germany and in many other European countries. At present, when Jews in Western Europe have switched to native languages, E.... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Ephron
